高电导率耐热铝合金导体材料的合金设计

耐热铝合金导线的耐热机理是采用微合金化元素提高铝基体的再结晶温度。提高耐热铝合金导线电导率的措施是优选微合金元素和工业纯铝,降低微合金元素和杂质元素对铝基体导电性的影响。在分析Zr、Er、Y等微合金元素对铝导体再结晶温度和导电性影响的基础上设计出了Al-Er-Y和Al-Er-Y-B系耐热铝合金导体材料。采用优选Al99.70重熔用铝锭和Al-Er、AlY、Al-B中间合金制备了Al-Er-Y-(B)耐热铝合金导线。结果表明,Al-0.1~0.2Er-0.1~0.2Y-0~0.03B合金导线的抗拉强度≥160 MPa、伸长率(200 mm标距)≥2%、导电率(20℃)≥61%IACS、230℃退火1 h后的强度残存率≥90%。     

工业纯铝及Al-Zr耐热铝合金硼化处理技术研究

研究了B化处理对工业纯铝的杂质元素含量与电导率的影响及其对Al-Zr耐热铝合金Zr、Ti、V含量的影响。结果发现，B可以和铝熔体中的过渡族元素发生反应，且Zr比Ti、V优先与B发生反应，反应后减少铝熔体中过渡族元素含量，从而提高纯铝电导率；B添加量为Ti、V元素含量总和的1～1.5倍时B化处理效果最佳。在制备Al-Zr耐热铝合金时，为防止Zr和B发生反应，流程上应在硼化处理结束后将熔体转移到其他容器中添加Zr。     

Er、Zr、B对耐热导电铝合金组织和性能的影响

研究了Er、Zr、B元素对耐热导电铝合金微观组织、耐热性和导电性能的影响。结果表明,Er与Al形成的共晶第二相Al_3Er,阻碍了晶界迁移和晶粒的长大,延缓再结晶现象的出现,因而合金的耐热性能有一定提升;B的加入使合金中的Zr由固溶态转变为析出态,以细小的板片状第二相粒子的形态存在于晶粒内部和晶界处,减少晶格畸变,改善基体的有序性,提升合金的导电性能。     

高强耐热导电铝合金

本专利介绍了机械性能特别高的耐热导电铝合金,此合金含有 Zr、Be 及 Cd,是把过去的耐热导电铝合金加以改良的合金。过去对铝合金要求同时要具备导电性、机械性能及耐热性三个条件,但是都不能同时得到满足。众所周知,耐热导电铝合金有Al—Zr 二元合金及在 Al—Zr 中添加各种元     

铜电极表面电火花沉积ZrB_2-TiB_2复相涂层

采用粉末冶金法制备Zr B2-Ti B2复相材料熔敷棒,并通过电火花沉积工艺在铜电极表面制备Zr B2-Ti B2复相涂层。通过扫描电镜结合能谱分析研究了涂层的显微结构和元素分布,利用X射线衍射和显微硬度测试对涂层的物相组成与显微硬度进行检测。结果表明:直接熔敷Zr B2-Ti B2复相涂层致密性较差,且存在较多裂纹,与基体有明显分层,涂层物相为Cu、Zr B2和Ti B2;在预沉积Ni层(Ni层)上后沉积Zr B2-Ti B2,所得的多层涂层具有较好的致密性,且涂层与基体间无分层;中间层有Ti、Zr、Cu元素的扩散,说明涂层与基体为冶金结合;Zr B2-Ti B2复相涂层硬度为900 HV0.05稍高于多层涂层硬度(800 HV0.05)。     

微量Zr、Er对导线用耐热铝合金性能的影响

耐热铝合金导线是解决大容量输电的重要手段。研究了Zr和Er对耐热铝合金导电性、抗拉强度及耐热性的影响。结果表明,Zr含量在0.04%~0.1%范围变化时,耐热铝合金单丝的导电率逐渐降低,抗拉强度与耐热性均先升高后降低,Zr为0.08%时达到峰值;随着Er在0.03%~0.1%范围变化时,合金的抗拉强度和耐热性提高,而导电率先升高后降低,在Er为0.08%时达到峰值。     

专利摘要

071101汽车缸体或曲轴箱用高强度高导热的铸造铝合金[德国]DE102005037738,2007.02.22,B.Andreas,DaimlerChrysler AG.本专利提供一种强度、热稳定性和导热性三个性能均好的铸造铝合金,它的主要化学成分(wt%):4.5~7.5Si,0.15~0.30Mg,其中含有耐热的Al3Ni或Al3Co,含有导热的Al(x Ti,Zr)ySiz相和<0.10Cu,<0.10Zn和<0.10Mn,另外,Ti和Zr的含量分别为0.12~0.25,Ni或Co的含量为0.15~0.60,而且(Ti Zr)/(Ni Co)的值应大于0.60。这种合金可采用金属型生产汽车的缸体和曲轴箱,并采用T6或T7的热处理。(周静一摘译)071102制动系统用含铁的…     

烧结温度对Al3(Zr,Ti)/2024Al复合材料组织与性能的影响

以2024铝合金粉末为基体材料,纯Zr粉和纯Ti粉作为增强体材料,采用粉末冶金的方法制备出了Al3(Zr,Ti)/2024A1复合材料.通过对Al-Ti-Zr三元体系进行差示扫描量热分析(DSC),确定了初步烧结温度.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、万能拉伸试验、显微硬度仪以及电化学性能...     

多弧离子镀Ti-Al-Zr-Cr-N系双层膜的结构与力学性能

采用多弧离子镀技术和Ti-Al-Zr合金靶及Cr单质靶,在WC-8%Co硬质合金基体上制备了(Ti,Al,Zr)N/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N和Cr N/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N 2种四元双层氮化物膜。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析2种双层膜的微观组织、成分和结构;利用划痕仪和显微硬度计对比2种双层膜的力学性能。结果表明,获得的2种双层膜均具有B1-NaCl型的TiN面心立方结构;双层膜的组织均是典型的柱状晶结构;沉积偏压为–50~–200 V时,双层膜的力学性能均优于(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N单层膜,并与Ti-Al-Zr-Cr-N系梯度膜的力学性能相当,同时(Ti,Al,Zr)N/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N双层膜可获得更高的硬度(HV_(0.01)最高值为41 GPa),而CrN/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N双层膜可获得更强的膜层与基体间结合力(所有值均大于200 N)。     

Zr及稀土Ce、La对铝电工圆杆性能的影响

通常在铝导线中加入Zr元素来提高其耐热性,但Zr的加入会严重降低导线的电导率,造成线损增加。试验研究了Zr与Ce、La稀土复合加入对铝电工圆杆组织和性能的影响。结果表明:Zr分别与稀土La、Ce互配加入都能使电工圆杆在电导率下降较少的情况下,强度有一定幅度的提高,这为高强高电导率耐热铝合金导线的研究作了初步探索。     

Development of High Strength Ni–Cu–Zr–Ti–Si–Sn In-Situ Bulk Metallic Glass Composites Reinforced by Hard B2 Phase

In the present study, the influence of atomic ratio of Zr to Ti on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni–Cu–Zr–Ti–Si–Sn alloys is investigated. The alloys were designed by fine replacement of Ti for Zr from Ni₃₉Cu₂₀Zr_36?xTi_xSi₂Sn₃. The increase of Ti content enhances glass forming ability of the alloy by suppression of formation of (Ni, Cu)₁₀(Zr, Ti)₇ phase during solidification. With further increasing Ti content up to 24 at.%, the B2 phase is introduced in the amorphous matrix with a small amount of B19′ phase from alloy melt. The bulk metallic glass composite containing B2 phase with a volume fraction of ~ 10 vol% exhibits higher fracture strength (~ 2.5 GPa) than that of monolithic bulk metallic glass (~ 2.3 GPa). This improvement is associated to the individual mechanical characteristics of the B2 phase and amorphous matrix. The B2 phase exhibits higher hardness and modulus than those of amorphous matrix as well as effective stress accommodation up to the higher stress level than the yield strength of amorphous matrix. The large stress accommodation capacity of the hard B2 phase plays an important factor to improve the mechanical properties of in situ Ni-based bulk metallic glass composites.     

（Ti0.7Zr0.2V0.1）Ni贮氢合金的电化学性能及氢致相变研究

研究了（Ｔｉ０．７Ｚｒ０．２Ｖ０．１）Ｎｉ合金的相结构和电化学性能,结果表明：在比较快的冷却条件下,合金铸态组织为具有Ｂ２结构的单一奥氏体相;充氢使唤结构和奥氏体相转变为单斜结构的马氏体相;反复电以放氢使Ｔｉ２Ｎｉ２和Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ相逐渐从母中析出。     

Strength anomaly of the B2 phase in Ti–25Al–25Zr alloy

Mechanical behaviour of the single B2 phase in the alloy Ti–25Al–25Zr has been studied under compression with different strain rates at elevated temperatures. The alloy Ti–25Al–25Zr exhibits yield strength anomaly similar to those of the typical B2 intermetallics such as FeAl. The stress–strain curves of the alloy tested at 400 °C show type C serrations which are considered to be due to dislocation unlocking. Intersecting and straight slip lines are observed in specimens tested at 400 °C and 600 °C, respectively.     

Effect of Zr addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of Ni-46Ti-4Al alloy

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Ni-(46-x)Ti-4Al-xZr (x = 0-8, at.%) alloys have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and mechanical tests. The results show that the Ni-Ti-Al-Zr alloys are composed of TiNi and (Ti, Al) 2 Ni with Zr as a solid solution element in both phases, and the third phase, (Zr, Ti, Al) 2 Ni, appears in Ni-40Ti-4Al-6Zr and Ni-38Ti-4Al-8Zr alloys. The compressive yield strength at room temperature increases with the increase of Zr content due to the solid-solution strengthening of Zr and precipitation strengthening of (Ti, Al, Zr) 2 Ni phase. However, the Ni-42Ti-4Al-4Zr alloy exhibits the maximum compressive yield strength at 873 and 973 K because of the softening of (Zr, Ti, Al) 2 Ni phase in the alloys with more Zr addition. The tensile stress-strain tests and the SEM fracture surface observations show that the brittle to ductile transition temperature of Ni-42Ti-4Al-4Zr alloy is between 873 and 923 K.     

TEM study of structural and microstructural characteristics of a precipitate phase in Ni-rich Ni–Ti–Hf and Ni–Ti–Zr shape memory alloys

The precipitates formed after suitable thermal treatments in seven Ni-rich Ni–Ti–Hf and Ni–Ti–Zr high-temperature shape memory alloys have been investigated by conventional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. In both ternary systems, the precipitate coarsening kinetics become faster as the Ni and ternary element contents (Hf or Zr) of the bulk alloy are increased, in agreement with the precipitate composition measured by energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The precipitate structure has been found to be the same in both Hf- and Zr-containing ternary alloys, and determined to be a superstructure of the B2 austenite phase, which arises from a recombination of the Hf/Zr and Ti atoms in their sublattice. Two different structural models for the precipitate phase were optimized using density functional theory methods. These calculations indicate that the energetics of the structure are not very sensitive to the atomic configuration of the Ti–Hf/Zr planes, thus significant configurational disorder due to entropic effects can be envisaged at high temperatures. The precipitates are fully coherent with the austenite B2 matrix; however, upon martensitic transformation, they lose some coherency with the B19′ matrix as a result of the transformation shear process in the surrounding matrix. The strain accommodation around the particles is much easier in the Ni–Ti–Zr-containing alloys than in the Ni–Ti–Hf system, which correlates well with the lower transformation strain and stiffness predicted for the Ni–Ti–Zr alloys. The B19′ martensite twinning modes observed in the studied Ni-rich ternary alloys are not changed by the new precipitated phase, being equivalent to those previously reported in Ni-poor ternary alloys.     

Ti对Zr—Mn—V—Ni系合金的微结构和电化学性能的影响

Ｚｒ－Ｍｎ－Ｖ－Ｎｉ合金中Ｚｒ－Ｎｉ金属间化合物与Ｌａｖｅｓ相共存,Ｚｒ０．５Ｔｉ０．５Ｍｎ０．２Ｖ０．６Ｎｉ１．２合金内形成了含Ｔｉ的ｂｃｃ相,选区电子衍射和ＥＤＳ能谱分析结果表明,ｂｃｃ相为Ｂ２型Ｒ相（Ｔｉ０．５Ｚｒ０．２）Ｎｉ,Ｔｉ取代部分Ｚｒ,改变了四元合金中Ｌａｖｅｓ相的晶胞参数和亚结构,非Ｌａｖｅｓ相的形成导致合金元素在各相间的重新分配,多相合金内Ｌａｖｅｓ相的晶胞参数合金的名义成分。     

Al-Cu based welding wire with minor Sc-Zr alloying and its application

1　INTRODUCTION2 195aluminum lithiumalloyisanewkindofaerospacestructuralmaterialswithlowdensity ,highspecificstrengthandspecificmodulusaswellasexcel lentlowtemperature performances[13] .Although2 195alloyhasexcellentcombinedproperties ,thereisstillaproblemofhowtoguaranteeitsweldingjointwithalsosuch goodcombined properties[4 ] .Duetotheinfluenceofweldingheatinputduringwelding ,microstructureandpropertiesofaluminum lithiumal loywillbechangedalot,andthestrengthofHAZ(heat affectedzone)obtaine…     

Isothermal section of Al–Ti–Zr ternary system at 1073 K

Through alloy sampling combined with diffusion triple technique, phase equilibria in Al–Ti–Zr ternary system at 1073 K were experimentally determined with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Experimental results show that there is a solid solution β(Ti,Zr) which dissolves Al up to 16.3% (mole fraction). Ti and Zr can substitute each other in most Ti–Al and Al–Zr binary intermediate phases to a certain degree while the maximum solubility of Zr in Ti₃Al and TiAl reaches up to 17.9% and 4.0% (mole fraction), respectively. The isothermal section consists of 16 single-phased regions, 27 two-phased regions and 14 three-phased regions. No ternary phase was detected.     

In vitro corrosion resistance and cytotoxicity of novel TiNbTaZr alloy

A novel β type Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy with low modulus (48 GPa) was fabricated using vacuum consumable arc melting. The corrosion resistance and cytotoxicity of Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr were evaluated. The open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization methods were used to determine the corrosion resistance. In Ringer's solution, Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy exhibits better corrosion resistance, as compared to that of Ti6Al4V and Ti. The cytotoxicity tests indicate that the biocompatibility of Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr is as good as Ti and Ti6Al4V which are widely used in biomedical fields. Based on corrosion resistance and cytotoxicity, the novel β type Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy can be considered as a potential biomaterial.