清水冬竹笋罐头生产工艺初探

一、前言清水冬竹笋罐头包括清水冬笋和清水竹笋,是湖南省罐头行业出口创汇的主要产品之一,目前,该产品的生产在该省乃至全国许多地区往往因销售对象的不同而采用两套不尽相同的生产工艺,即内销产品生产工艺(或称部颁工艺或传统工艺)和外销产品生产工艺(或称暂     

咸味型八宝粥罐头加工及稳定性研究

本研究以糯米、麦片、火腿肉、赤豆、花生仁、核桃仁、红枣、枸杞为原料，运用正交试验优选出入宝粥四种主要原料的最佳百分配比为糯米：麦片：赤豆：火腿肉：３．０％：２．５％：１．０％：３．０％。稳定性研究表明，琼脂－ＣＭＣ－Ａ复事百分配比为０．１％－０．１５％－０．１％对咸味型八宝粥稳定效果最好；合理的蒸煮杀菌公式为５′－５５′－５′／１２１．２℃。     

淮山药多糖提取工艺的研究

目的研究淮山药中多糖的最佳提取方法。方法以淮山药多糖的总糖含量为指标,采用正交实验法,对提取水浴温度、提取时间、加入蒸馏水量进行优选考察,确定最佳提取条件。结果影响淮山药总多糖含量的显著因素为提取温度,最佳提取工艺为加入1∶60体积比的蒸馏水置于80℃水浴中提取6h。结论本实验为淮山药多糖提取工艺的确定提供了依据。      

山药清水罐头的加工工艺

根据食品罐藏的基本原理，探讨了山药清水罐头的加工工艺，并且针对山药在加工过程中容易变色的问题进行了护色试验，筛选出了护色效果好、食用安全的护色方法，研制出了能够保持山药天然色泽和风味的罐头产品。     

淮山药薯蓣皂苷测定方法的研究

对常用的紫外-可见分光光度法即香草醛-高氯酸法、香草醛-硫酸法和甲醇-硫酸法测定薯蓣皂苷含量的方法进行了比较研究。结果表明,不同显色方法所形成的化合物的最大吸收波长和稳定性有很大差别,其中硫酸-甲醇法最佳,最大吸收波长为332nm,60min内稳定性良好,且在2.4～24μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性相关。采用硫酸-甲醇法测定淮山药薯蓣皂苷的含量为0.535mg/g,RSD为1.06%,该法操作简单、精密度高、稳定性和重现性好,可用于淮山药薯蓣皂苷的含量测定。      

Optimization of Blanching Conditions Prior to Deep Fat Frying of Yam Slices

The effect of low-temperature blanching and frying time at a frying temperature of 170°C on moisture and oil contents, breaking force and colour of yam chips was investigated using response surface methodology to establish the optimum blanching conditions and frying time. A central composite rotatable design was used to study the effects of variation in levels of blanching temperature (60–80°C), blanching time (1–5 min) and frying time (2–6 min) on quality attributes of yam chips. The effect of blanching temperature and frying time was more significant than the time of blanching on the quality attributes. The response variables were fitted to predictive models applying multiple linear regressions. Statistical analysis with response surface regression showed that moisture content, oil content, breaking force and L? (lightness) parameter were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with blanching temperature and time and frying time. However, the regression equation showed a poor fit for a? and b? respectively. The optimum conditions were a blanching temperature of 70–75°C, blanching time of 4–5 min while frying for about 5 min.     

怀山药罐头制作工艺研究

针对怀山药罐头在加工过程中容易出现的褐变以及化汤变形现象,通过对怀山药罐头制作中的护色、预煮、汤汁工艺条件的优化研究,最终得出当柠檬酸、无水氯化钙、亚硫酸钠3种护色剂的添加量分别为0.1%、0.5%、0.15%时,能在一定程度上防止怀山药罐头发生褐变;最佳预煮条件参数组合为料液比1∶6(g/mL)、温度90℃、预煮时间3 min。当汤汁配比为白砂糖24%、柠檬酸0.09%、食盐0.1%时,制作出的怀山药罐头酸甜适宜,汤汁透亮。     

甘薯淀粉对山药凝胶肠理化特性的影响

为研究甘薯淀粉对山药凝胶肠理化特性的影响,对不同甘薯淀粉添加量下山药凝胶肠的质构特性、色度、热特性、水分状态、微观结构以及结晶特性进行了测试。结果表明：甘薯淀粉的添加显著增强了山药凝胶肠的硬度、胶着性、咀嚼性、内聚性和回复性,但黏性、弹性和白度下降;当甘薯淀粉添加量达到20%时,凝胶肠硬度达到7 060.65 g,胶着性为5 263.38 g,咀嚼性为4 623.80 g,内聚性为0.75,回复性为0.42,接近市售火腿肠的质地。甘薯淀粉的添加降低了山药凝胶肠的含水量和水分子的自由度,导致淀粉分子运动受限从而使相对结晶度和回生焓降低,凝胶肠质地更为致密。     

山药仿生食品的工艺研究

采用清洗、去皮、切片、护色、烘干、粉碎、制馅、灌制、灭菌等过程研究了山药粉肠的制作工艺,并研究了山药和某些辅料的最佳配比,结果表明,添加山药量2％的魔芋精粉,山药粉肠的质量最好。并对山药粉肠的各项指标进行了分析。山药粉肠的研究对山药仿生食品的研究有一定的参考价值。     

山药保健冰淇淋的研制

本文以山药为原料制取山药浆,配以其它辅料研制成具有保健功能的冰淇淋.通过正交试验,确定出山药保健冰淇淋的最佳配方,最佳配方为:添加30%山药浆、12%蔗糖、10%奶油、14%奶粉.试验还确定出添加0.25%的抗坏血酸可对山药保健冰淇淋有较为理想的护色效果.     

山药的药理作用分析及其开发利用

本文综述了山药的成分及其药理作用,并对山药的开发利用前景进行了探讨。     

Effect of Amylopectin Structure on the Gelatinization and Pasting Properties of Selected Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Starches

This study was aimed at elucidating the decisive structural parameters of amylopectin which govern the gelatinization or pasting behavior of yam starch dispersions, exemplified with four selected yam starches from Dioscorea alata and D. batatas with very similar amylose contents (32.2–34.6%). The results indicated that the yam amylopectins examined showed an average degree of polymerization (DP) of 3469–4474 anhydroglucose units (AGU), average chain length (CL) of 18.8–28.5 AGU, average exterior CL (ECL) of 11.8–16.4 AGU, average interior CL (ICL) of 6.0–11.1 AGU, and a noticeable proportion of extralong (> 100 AGU) and long (40–100 AGU) chains that gave the chain ratio r_(el+l)/s (the weight ratio of extralong and long chains to short chains) of 0.88–1.40. Generally, the yam amylopectin with a lower DP and NC possessed a greater CL, ECL, ICL, and r_(el+l)/s, associating with a higher blue value (BV) and maximal wavelength (λ_max) for their complexes with iodine. D. alata amylopectins exhibited a lower DP, longer chain lengths and greater r_(el+l)/s than the D. batata amylopectins. Statistically, r_(el+l)/s was decisive for the BV and λ_max; while CL and phosphate content were crucial for the gelatinization peak temperature and pasting viscosities of the yam starches examined. The role of swelling power or the volume fraction of dispersed remnants instead in governing the pasting viscosity was also mathematically explored.     

1-MCP处理对鲜切山药贮藏品质的影响

以菜山药为试材,用不同浓度的1-MCP处理山药,在10℃贮藏过程中,定期观察山药的感官品质,测定失重率、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物含量、颜色、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性,考察不同浓度1-MCP处理对鲜切山药保鲜效果的影响。结果表明,1-MCP处理能显著延缓鲜切山药失重率的下降,保持产品的质量。1.0μl/L和1.5μl/L处理组均可抑制鲜切山药可滴定酸和颜色的变化,提高产品的感官评分。1.0μl/L处理组显著地抑制了相对电导率的上升、PPO活性和PAL活性的上升以及可溶性固形物含量的下降。但0.5μl/L处理对延长鲜切山药货架期无明显作用。     

淮山蜜饯的加工工艺

本文对淮山蜜饯加工工艺过程原料的预处理、渗糖、干燥等进行了研究,结果表明:新鲜淮山经采用0.3%柠檬酸 0.2%异抗坏血酸护色,0.3?Cl2防溃处理8h,经间歇常压加热渗糖72h,6055分段变温鼓风干燥至水分含量为18%,总糖含量58%,可获得质地韧软可口,有透明感,色泽呈淡黄白色,有淮山风味的淮山蜜饯产品。     

山药罐头加工中护色条件的研究

目的研究山药罐头加工中最佳的护色条件。方法用柠檬酸、维生素C及氯化钙为护色剂进行护色实验。结果最佳护色条件为:0.5%柠檬酸 1.0%维生素C 0.25%氯化钙。结论3种护色剂配合处理后可防止山药褐变,提高山药罐头质量。