Concentration, Distribution, and Occurrence of REEs in Coals from Chongqing, Southwest China

The concentration, distribution, and occurrence of rare earth elements （REEs） in coals as well as stone coals in different geological periods from Chongqing were studied. The results show that the REE content in coals from Chongqing is much higher than that of the ordinary Chinese coals, the Late Paleozoic coals from North China, US coals, and the world coals. Although the concentration of light rare earth elements （LREE） is higher than that of heavy rare earth elements （HREE）, the ratio of LREE to HREE is as low as 5.11. The REE content decreases with the coal-formation periods from old to new. The REE content in the Sinian stone coal is the highest, but it is the lowest in Early Jurassic coals. The similar REE contents in bituminous coals and anthracite show that the metamorphism has a little influence on REE content in coal. In addition, silicate association dominates the occurrence mode of REEs in coals from Chongqing.     

Evaluation of the exploitation of nontraditional water resources—— Case study of Yantian District in Shenzhen

Yantian District in Shenzhen is a water deficient area. Water shortage has become a major obstacle to its further economic progress. Consequently, rational exploitation of nontraditional water resources(NWR)has been naturally adopted to increase local available water volume. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the exploitation of two kinds of NWR, namely wastewater reuse and seawater utilization, in Yantian District, and assess the contribution of each mode to deal with the water crisis. Two different nontraditional water supply systems respectively based on the reclaimed water and sea water were presented, and the effects of each system were evaluated in terms of technology, economy and environment. The result shows that both wastewater reclamation and reuse (WRR) and direct utilization of seawater (DUS) are of great importance to cope with the tight water resource situation in the district. The data indicate that the fresh water saved by WRR system and DUS system is 29 and 17 million m3/a respectively. Moreover, the BOD, COD, NH3-N and T-P reduced by the WRR system are 870, 2900, 725 and 87 t/a, respectively. Considering the integrated effectiveness, the development of WRR system, which is of specific significance to exploiting new water resource and save natural fresh water supplied from distant water diversion project, is the preferred methods used to solve the water shortage problem in Yantian District and recover the water environment as well as maintain the sustainable development of the city zone.     

Effect of crystallization of CaO—P2O5—SiO2—MgO—F^— glass—ceramics on its mechanical properties

The microstructure of CaO-P2O5-SiO2-MgO-F glass-ceramics during crystallization were investigated and the crystallized phases were identified with DTA(Differential Thermal Analysis),SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) and XRD(X-ray Diffraction) techniques,The mechanical properties such as bending strength and fracture toughness,as well as their changes with advancing crystallization were determined.The results show that the changes of the mechanical properties are correlated with the microstructures,The sample heated up to 810℃ and soaked for 4h has smaller crystalline size and less volum fraction of fluorophlogopite,so it has higher bending strength (about 190MPa),and higher crack toughness(about 2.63 MPa.m^1/2).     

Design of zirconia grain boundaries——An exploration of the design of oxide ceramic grain boundaries

The grain-boundary resistance of ZrO2 mainly consists of the contribution from the space-charge layers Rsc and that from the grain-boundary phase Rgbp The reduction of Rsc can be realized by the segregations of solutes with positive effective charge in the space-charge layers,while the reduction of Rgbp can be achieved by decreasing the amount of the grain-boundary phase,changing the morphology of the phase and forming grain-boundary phase with high conductivity.The best grain-boundary design effect can only be achieved by the joint design of the space-charge layers and the grain-boundary phase.     

Pre-treatment of rocks prior to comminution——A critical review of present practices

It has been an established fact that comminution processes, crushing and grinding, are most energy intensive processes which account for more than half of the total energy consumed in mineral industries.Various alternative pre-treatment methods have been tried by experts around the globe. Although these methods yielded positive results in terms of reduction in energy consumption in crushing and particularly, in grinding operations at laboratory scale, their industrial application still remains an unresolved issue and challenge. Present review paper describes each one of these methods along with outcome of earlier studies and issues that need to be addressed through further rigorous experimental investigation.It also suggests the direction in which future studies can be carried out to meet the primary objective of making comminution processes more energy efficient than today they are.     

Real Estate in Chongqing as a Pillar Industry：A Quantitative Analysis

The definition of pillar industry is stated and its indicators, including the proportion of added value in the GDP, the degree of industry correlation, the income elasticity of demand, and the growth rate of employment will be discussed. And then index weighing is determined based on the degree of importance. The result of the quantitative analysis of real estate industry in Chongqing suggests that its first three evaluating indicators live up to the index requirement of a pillar industry while its degree of industry correlation is not satisfactory. An overall evaluation indicates that the real estate industry in Chongqing meets the requirements of pillar industry.     

Analysis of the Applications of Composition in Architectural Design——A Case Study of Meyer＇s Architecture

探讨构成手法在建筑设计的应用,指出手法与构成二者是建筑创作的源泉,是相互联系的.以迈耶的建筑作品为例,从均衡与规律、空间的穿插、化体为面、立体主义等视角分析了构成在建筑设计中的应用,并剖析构成在建筑设计中的空间内涵,旨在给今天的建筑设计师一些思索.     

Reading in word Groups——one of the Techniqus at Early Stages of Reading

Reading in Word Groups is one of the techniques at early stages of reading. Some tried techniques are recommended in this paper to help develop the students'ability to read in word groups. They are 1)Reading flashcards 2)Read and look up 3)Eye-span exercises. I hope these tech-niques will give you a hand to increase the speed and accuracy of your reading, both required reading and leisure reading.     

Foundation of Digital Manufacture——The Improved GPS System

1 Introduction The improved GPS,namely Geometric Product Specificationand Verification,isthe second generation GPSdeveloping onthe basis of the first version.Theinternational responsible organizationis the ISO/TC213 whichwas foundedin 1996 .Infact the organizationconsists of former three parts of ISO/TC3 ,TC10/SC5 and TC57 .But they have more responsibilities about the geometrical products fromtraditional performance to modern char-acteristics . The i mproved GPS is the technology …     

Semi—solid Processing of Steel—Al—7 Graphite BInding Plate

The bonding of steel plate to Al-7 graphite slurry was studied for the first time.The relationship model about preheat temperature of steel plate,solid fiaction of Al-7 graphite slurry,rolling speed and nterfacial shear strength of bonding plate could be established by artificial neural networks perfectly.This model could be optimized with a genetic algorthm.The optimum bonding parameters are :516℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate,32.5% for solid fraction of Al-7 graphite slurry and 12mm/s for rolling speed,and the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is 70.6MPa.     

Application of the annexation principle to the thermodynamic property study of ternary metallic melts In—Bi—Cu and In—Sb—Cu

Based on the phase diagrams,measured activities and the annexation principle,calculating models of mass action concentrations for In-Bi-Cu and In-Sb-Cu melts have been formulated.Calculated results not only agree well with practical values,but also obey the mass action law,showing that the deduced model can reflect the structural reality of given melts and that the annexation principle is applicable to these two ternary metallic melts.So long as there is one from three binary systems constituting the ternary melts,in which the activities of one component exhibit positive deviation relative to Raoultian behavior,heterogeous melts inevitably would form,soheterogeneous calculating model should be used to calculate their mass action concentrations.On the contrary,if all the binary melts are homogeneous and their activities exhibit negative deviation with respect to the Raoult‘s law.then the ternary melts formed from them will certainly be homogeneous,hence single phase model should be applied.     

Microstructure of Steel Fiber Reinforced Polymer—cement—based Composites

Mercury intrusion porosimetry was used to measure the pore structure of steel fiber reinforced polymer-cement-based bomposite.The results indicate that the large pore volume decreases by 57.8%-51.2% and by 87.1%-88% with the addition fo steel fibers and polymers respectively.When both steel fibers and poly-mers are simultaneously added, the large pore volume decreases by 88.3%-90.1% .As a surface active materi-al ,polymer has a favorable water-reduced and forming-film effect, which is contributed to the decrease of the thick-ness of water film and the improvement of the conglutination between the fibers and the matrix.Polymers could form a microstructure network.This network structure and the bone structure of cement hydration products penetrate each other and thus the interpenetrating network with sticky aggregate and steel fiber inside forms.     

A New Type of Cement Kiln——Annular Shaft Kiln

Annular shaft kiln invented by authors is an achievement in scientific research of Wuhan University of Technology. The invention-patent technology has been applyed recently to a φ2.2×7.7m circular shaft kiln of semi-mechnization in Tangshan National Cement Plant. The circular shaft kiln became an annular shaft kiln after a core tube was added in it as an inner annulation. This kiln has been proved to be successful in practice. It's output after firing on 9th october 1989 has increased by 50%. The average clinker mark of over 525 has     

The Internet of Things—a survey of topics and trends

针对目前物联网领域缺乏对海量异构设备的统一描述问题,提出基于本体的物联网设备资源描述模型,在分析资源特点的基础上,将设备划分为属性、状态、控制、历史信息和隐私5个方面的类资源进行综合描述. 通过智慧办公室应用实例,使该模型得到具体实现和应用. 实验结果表明:该模型能够支持丰富的物联网接入设备和业务功能,具备良好的应用价值和前景.

     

Behavior of pre-stress group anchors——Theory approach and model

First of all the pre-stress group anchor ropes are resolved into twosub-systems: the stable rock stand lateral resistance load and inner bonding sectionstand lateral resistance load and pre-stress load. Then, discretization of everysub-system was carried on and it is assumed that different micro-sections possessuniform distribution side resistance. On the basis of Mindlin stress solution, stress overlay principle, modified layered-summation method as well as the load transfer method, westudy the anchor group effect and present a theory model which calculates the anchorgroup effect and establishes the relevant iterate standard.     

ABSTRACTS——From the Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing （in Chinese）

MineralIn-situ stress measuring and its result analysis in Sanshandao Gold Mine of ChinaLan Qiao, Zhenhua Ouyang, Xingping Lai, and Shengjun MiaoAbstract: Mining the ore in pillars above the mine-out area comes down to the security of production, mining     

Dynamic recrystallization of electroformed copper liners of shaped charges in high—strain—rate plastic deformation

The microstructures in the electroformed copper liners of shaped charges after high-strain-rate plastic deformation were in vestigated by transmission microscopy(TEM).Meanwhile,the orientation distribution of the grains in the recovered slug was examined by the electron backscattering Kikuchi pattern(EBSP) technique.EBSP analysis illustrated that unlike the as-formed electroformed copper liners of shaped charges the grain orientations in the recovered slug are distributed along randomly all the directions after undergoing heavily strain deformation at high-strain rate.Optical microscopy shows a typical recrystallization structure,and TEM examination reveals dislocation cells existed in the thin foil specimen.These results indicate that dynamic recovery and recrystallization occur during this plastic deformation process,and the associated deformation temperature is considered to be higher than 0.6 times the melting point of copper.     

Comment on "Recent progress in thermodynamics of radiation——exergy of radiation,effective temperature of photon and entropy constant of photon"

Chen et al.proposed the concepts of effective temperature of photon and entropy constant of photon in a recent paper [Chen Z S,Mo S P,Hu P.Recent progress in thermodynamics of radiation―exergy of radiation,effective temperature of photon and entropy constant of photon.Sci China Ser E-Tech Sci,2008,51(8):1096―1109] by enduing a single photon with macroscale thermodynamic parameters such as exergy and entropy.This paper argues that applying these concepts and their inferences to macro-scale thermodynamic syst...     

Design of Chinese—English Machine Translation System CEMT— Ⅱ

This paper describes the design of CEMT-Ⅱ, an interactive Chinese-English machine translation system. Based on the CEMT-Ⅰsystem, CEMT-Ⅱwill be developed to have the ability to translate Chinese scientific documents into English. Now an user-friendly interface has been worked out to solve various complex ambiguities. The Chinese user need not know English well since all the questions and choices are expressed in Chinese.