亚麻无醛防皱整理剂的合成与应用性能研究

以MA和CA为反应物，研究亚麻无醛防皱整理剂的合成及其应用。通过对产物进行红外光谱图的分析，证实了聚合型多元羧酸(PMA／CA)无醛防皱整理剂的生成，把其应用于亚麻织物的防皱整理，并对影响防皱整理效果的因素进行了分析。结果表明：所合成的聚合型多元羧酸(PMA/CA)，对亚麻具有良好的防皱性，对织物的白度和强力基本无影响。     

PMA的合成及其在棉织物防皱整理中的应用

从马来酸酐与过氧化氢反应得到了聚马来酸 (PMA) ,分析了引发剂浓度、反应温度、反应时间等因素对聚合反应的影响。将制备的几种PMA分别应用于棉织物的防皱整理 ,比较了整理品的性能     

棉织物的柠檬酸新型防皱整理工艺探讨

探讨柠檬酸新型防皱整理工艺及其对棉织物的防皱整理效果。分析了催化剂种类、催化剂用量、整理剂用量、焙烘温度、焙烘时间对棉织物防皱效果的影响,考察了防皱整理对染色棉织物摩擦牢度、皂洗牢度、折皱回复角、色差等的影响。结果表明:最佳整理工艺为整理剂浓度(o.w.f)1%,次磷酸钠浓度(o.w.f)5%,渗透剂JFC用量2 g/L,焙烘温度170℃,焙烘时间1.5 min;该工艺条件下所得棉织物折皱回复角239.0°,强力保留率69.7%,白度84.1%,其防皱性、色差、皂洗牢度等皆优于柠檬酸整理的棉织物。认为:新型整理剂改善了柠檬酸防皱整理时织物折皱回复角不高、强力下降严重、织物泛黄等缺陷。     

柠檬酸对亚麻织物的无醛防皱整理

结合L9(34)正交试验对柠檬酸在亚麻织物中的防皱整理工艺进行研究,结果显示焙烘温度和时间对亚麻织物的无醛防皱整理起决定作用.最佳工艺条件:165℃、焙烘3min,w(柠檬酸)为10%(对整理液质量)、w(次亚磷酸钠)为4%(对整理液质量).     

柞蚕丝织物无甲醛防皱整理剂的应用技术研究

用水溶性环氧化物(HY-001)作为无甲醛防皱整理剂,对柞蚕丝织物进行防皱整理。对不同工艺条件下几个重要的影响整理因素进行分析讨论,获得无甲醛整理剂——HY-001对柞丝绸防皱整理的优化工艺。     

亲水氨基硅油对亚麻织物壳聚糖/柠檬酸防皱整理的影响

向降解壳聚糖/柠檬酸(JCTA/CA)亚麻织物防皱整理复配体系中加入亲水氨基硅油SSA。通过考查SSA用量变化,研究亚麻织物的防皱性能,并通过正交试验确定SSA对亚麻织物防皱整理的最佳工艺。结果表明,添加SSA可显著提高JCTA/CA复配体系的亚麻防皱整理效果,w(SSA)=5%(占整理液质量,下同)时折皱回复角提高约40°,SSA添加JCTA/CA复配体系的亚麻织物防皱整理最佳工艺为w(SSA)=3%,w(JCTA)∶w(CA)=0.2%∶7.8%,145℃焙烘时间4 min,催化剂w(SHP)=6%,浴比1∶20。     

亚麻织物的低分子聚羧酸防皱整理

以马来酸(MA)、丙稀酸(AA)和衣康酸(IA)为原料,通过自聚或共聚得到粘均分子质量为300～1 000的羧酸低聚物,用于亚麻织物防皱整理.通过与1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)、柠檬酸(CA)、MA、IA、AA等几种小分子羧酸对比,研究了羧酸低聚物结构与防皱性能之间的关系.结果表明:该类低聚物具有较佳的防皱性能,整理后织物的断裂强度和水洗牢度明显提高,其中马来酸低聚物(PM)整理效果明显高于其他4类羧酸低聚物整理剂,较优整理工艺条件下,亚麻织物的折皱回复角(WRA)达到了214°,断裂强度保留率(TSR)为65.2％,且水洗牢度较好.     

真丝织物抗皱方法探讨

真丝织物回弹性差,湿折皱回复角小,在日常洗涤和服用中极易起皱变形.文章探讨了真丝织物的起皱原因与防皱机理,综述了真丝织物的几种无甲醛抗皱方法;分析并比较了化学整理防皱、物理方法防皱、生物整理法防皱、复合整理防皱及织物设计防皱等方法的工艺及其特点.     

柠檬酸/乙二醛在柞蚕丝织物防皱整理中的应用

以柠檬酸(CA)、乙二醛(GX)为原料,制备了一种无甲醛防皱整理剂柠檬酸/乙二醛,并将其应用于柞蚕丝织物的防皱整理。对柠檬酸/乙二醛用量、催化剂种类及用量、焙烘温度和焙烘时间等因素对整理效果的影响进行了分析,确定了柠檬酸/乙二醛在柞蚕丝织物防皱整理中的最佳应用工艺。     

亚麻织物防皱整理工艺研究

亚麻织物具有特独的透气、抑菌性能,日益受消费者青睐,但是其抗皱性能较差。本文以织物平整度和断裂强度为指标,采用汽巴精化利特色FEL树脂对亚麻织物进行防皱整理,优化了亚麻织物防皱整理工艺条件(整理剂用量浓度、催化剂用量、焙烘温度、焙烘时间)。研究结果表明:通过防皱整理后,亚麻织物洗后平整度得到明显提高。最后,文章阐述了亚麻织物防皱整理实际生产注意要点。     

聚多元羧酸免烫整理剂的合成与应用

探讨了用马来酸酐水相聚合成聚马来酸,再与柠檬酸（ＣＡ）酯化成聚多元羧酸（ＰＭＡ／ＣＡ）免烫整理剂的合成工艺,讨论了整理液ｐＨ值,焙烘温度,整理剂用量,催化剂用量等因素对整理效果遥影响。研究结果表明,聚马来酸是一种新型的值得研究开发开发的无甲醛免烫整理剂。     

聚马来酸(PMA)对竹纤维的抗皱整理研究

以多元羧酸——聚马来酸（PMA）作为抗皱整理剂对竹纤维织物进行抗皱整理，讨论了整理剂用量、焙烘温度、焙烘时间对抗皱整理效果的影响，通过测试在不同整理条件下织物的折皱回复角、白度、断裂强力等性能取得了优化整理条件。整理后通过X-射线衍射和红外光谱对织物进行了一些结构和性能的测试，结果表明：整理剂在纤维无定形区大分子链之间发生了交联反应，提高了纤维的抗皱性能，纤维的晶区结构基本没有发生改变。     

Synthesis and Processing of Graft Copolymers from Cornstarch and Methyl Acrylate: Physical and Mechanical Properties

Starch-g-poly(methyl acrylate) (S-g-PMA), containing 40-65% PMA, was prepared with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) initiation in a 2-gallon reactor. CAN initiator was added either in one portion or portionwise. Graft copolymers were characterized with respect to % acetone-extractable polymer (largely PMA homopolymer), PMA content of the graft copolymer, and M_w of PMA grafts. Normal cornstarch as well as waxy and high amylose cornstarches were used in the grafting reaction. Conversions of monomer to polymer were nearly quantitative. Continuous plastic ribbons for tensile testing were prepared by extrusion processing. Tensile properties varied with the method used for CAN addition (i. e., single portion vs. portion-wise) and depended upon the particular starch variety used in the graft polymerization reaction. Since water acts as a plasticizer for starch, samples extruded at high moisture content exhibit higher % elongation (%E) values than the same polymers extruded at low moisture. Values for %E also increase with higher percentages of PMA in the graft copolymer.     

核酸交联剂在食源致病菌活菌检测中应用的 研究进展

近年来,由食源致病菌引起的食品安全问题越来越受到人们的重视,如何快速准确检测食品中是否存在食源致病菌是食品安全研究的热点问题。基于PCR检测食源致病菌的方法因快速且特异性强而被广泛应用,然而普通的PCR检测方法难以消除死菌残留DNA导致的假阳性结果,因而无法对致病菌进行准确检测。核酸交联剂是一种含有两个或两个以上烷基化官能团的烷基化试剂,目前,在食源致病菌检测中应用的核酸交联剂主要为EMA和PMA。核酸交联剂通过一定方式的诱导可选择性的透过死菌的细胞膜并与DNA产生共价交联,从而强有力的抑制死菌DNA的PCR扩增,达到鉴别死菌和活菌的效果。本文就核酸交联剂在食源致病菌活菌检测中应用的研究进展进行了综述,以期能为相关研究者开发食源致病菌活菌检测方法提供参考。     

Modulation of cytokine production by plant sterols in stimulated human Jurkat T cells

The plant sterols campesterol, beta-sitosterol and beta-sitostanol were investigated for potential immunomodulatory effects in Jurkat T cells. Treatments involved supplementing cells with or without concanavalin A (ConA) or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate plus ionomycin (PMA+IoM) in the presence or absence of increasing concentrations (10-100 microM) of each plant sterol for 24 h. None of the plant sterols significantly affected mitogen-stimulated IL-4, IL-10 or IFN-gamma production. However, campesterol, beta-sitosterol and beta-sitostanol significantly suppressed mitogen-induced IL-2 production in a dose-dependent manner. Both bisindolylmaleimide-I (BIM-I), a specific protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, and the immunosuppressant drug known as Tacrolimus (FK506), an IL-2 inhibitor, prevented mitogen-stimulated IL-2 production in Jurkat cells. Treatment with PMA+IoM alone significantly increased PKC activity and the presence of BIM-I prevented PKC activation by PMA+IoM. Following 24 h treatments, the plant sterols did not affect PMA+IoM-enhanced PKC activity, cellular calcium content or calcineurin activity. Intracellular cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels were significantly reduced by PMA+IoM. The presence of FK506 prevented a PMA+IoM-induced reduction of intracellular cAMP. Likewise the plant sterols behaved in a similar manner as FK506. Our findings suggest that the suppression of IL-2 by the plant sterols was not mediated via PKC inhibition and that their effects occurred possibly via cAMP modulation and/or a calcium/calcineurin-independent pathway.     

聚合型多元羧酸的合成及其在柞丝绸防皱整理中的应用研究

合成马来酸（MA）、依康酸（IA）共聚物（PMI），用于柞丝绸的抗皱整理，通过正交试验优选了其在柞丝绸防皱整理中的应用工艺，结果表明：织物经PMI整理后，湿弹性显著提高，耐洗性较好，对织物的白度和强度基本无影响。     

肉及肉制品中沙门氏菌活细胞的PCR检测研究

将荧光染料叠氮溴化丙锭(propidium monoazide,PMA)与普通聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)结合,通过对PMA的曝光时间、浓度进行优化,确定PMA-PCR区别死活细胞的最佳条件,并制作活细胞定量标准曲线,建立肉及肉制品中沙门氏菌活细胞的PMA-PCR检测方法。结果表明：使插入死细胞DNA中的PMA活化并且光解溶液中游离PMA的最佳曝光时间为15min;不抑制沙门氏菌活细胞DNA扩增的最大PMA质量浓度为10μg/mL;完全抑制热致死细胞DNA扩增的最小PMA质量浓度为4μg/mL。经PMA处理,含有不同比例的沙门氏菌热致死细胞和活细胞的混合液中活的沙门氏菌能够通过PCR被选择性的检测,最小检测限为20CFU/PCR。而且,经研究发现在20～2×105CFU/PCR范围内,电泳条带相对荧光强度与活细胞数的对数具有线性关系。采集30份肉及肉制品样品,利用PMA-PCR方法检测出两份生肉样品中存在沙门氏菌,经过6h的富集培养后的活菌浓度分别为2.5×103CFU/mL和3.4×103CFU/mL。     

Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in resting and activated bovine neutrophils

Changes in urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA) and u-PA receptor (u-PAR) expression at the protein and mRNA level in resting neutrophils and in neutrophils activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) were examined. Low amounts of u-PA were found intracellularly or membrane-bound in resting neutrophils. However, incubation of resting neutrophils with purified exogenous u-PA (10 IU/ml) revealed extensive binding of u-PA to cell membranes. Excess amino-terminal fragment of the u-PA molecule, a proteolytically inactive fragment of u-PA (amino acids 1-135) blocked binding of exogenous u-PA to the cell membrane. These results, collectively, indicate that the binding of u-PA is specific and that resting neutrophils have unoccupied u-PA receptors on their cell membrane. Addition of PMA led to an increase (P < 0.01) in total cell-associated, membrane-bound u-PA activity and u-PA mRNA expression by bovine neutrophils. In contrast. PMA increased u-PAR mRNA levels but this was accompanied by a decrease (2.5-fold; P < 0.01) in free, unoccupied u-PA binding sites. No significant effects on total cell-associated or membrane-bound u-PA were found when neutrophils were treated with 4-phorbol 12,13 didecanoate, a phorbol ester that does not activate protein kinase C (PKC). Furthermore, addition of 1-(5-isoquinolinesylphonyl)-2-methlylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H-7), a potent PKC inhibitor, blocked the effect of PMA on total cell-associated u-PA activity. Thus, PKC plays a role in the modulation of u-PA and u-PAR by PMA in bovine neutrophils.     

聚苹果酸高产菌的筛选与鉴定

从校园周边取样进行了聚苹果酸(Poly malic acid, PMA)高产菌株的分离筛选。经离心管发酵初筛获得了21株产PMA菌株,并初步判断编号Ⅰ-2、Ⅰ-13a、Ⅲ-16菌株的产PMA能力较强,经摇瓶发酵复筛,确定编号Ⅰ-13a菌株的产PMA能力最强,产量达到（43.08±0.36） g/L。通过形态学特征观察和分子生物学分析,对高产菌株进行了菌种鉴定,结果表明该菌株生长初期呈浅粉色,后期变绿变暗;细胞呈芽殖,卵圆形,单个存在;ITS核苷酸序列长度为560 bp,与Aureobasidium melanogenum菌株同源相似度为97%。由此确定该菌株为产黑色素短梗霉（Aureobasidium melanogenum）,命名为ZUST-HD,GenBank库登录号为MK754072.1。