轻薄毛纺面料与粘合衬压烫工艺参数的优化选择

对4种轻薄毛精纺面料与双点粘合衬进行了粘合实验,采用正交设计实验分析方法,得出有关轻薄毛精纺面料与粘合衬压烫工艺参数优化的一系列结论。     

毛棉条绒花呢的开发

采用精纺毛纱作经纱，精纺毛纱、色纺棉纱作纬纱，通过特殊的织物规格设计，采用精纺和粗纺相结合的后整理工艺，所开发产品呈现短顺毛特点，手感柔顺，兼有毛织物和棉织物的双重风格，是一种新型的高档休闲面料。文章主要介绍其设计与生产技术，以及面料的风格特点。     

基于KES系统的再生丝麻纤维纱与毛/涤混纺纱交织精纺面料风格分析

以再生丝麻纤维纱与毛/涤混纺纱交织轻薄精纺面料为实验材料,以同规格经纱、同规格经密的毛/涤混纺纱精纺面料为对比样。借助KES织物风格测试系统对织物拉伸、剪切、弯曲、压缩性能进行测试与分析,得出,再生丝麻纤维纱与毛/涤混纺纱交织的精纺面料在轻薄、柔软、活络、蓬松、剪切回复能力等方面优于常规毛/涤混纺精纺面料。纬向为白色丝再生麻纤维纱试样的撕破强力、剪切回复能力、拉伸弹性回复能力、蓬松度、松软感、尺寸稳定性优于纬向为筒子纱染色的丝麻纤维纱的试样,该试样的弯曲保形性和垂重感优于前者。     

基于紧密纺纱技术的毛/涤/天丝产品质量控制

分析了毛/涤混纺面料、毛/粘混纺面料的特性,综合该面料的优点,采用羊毛、涤纶、天丝为原料,纺成毛/涤/天丝混纺纱,织制毛/涤/天丝精纺面料;在纺纱过程中,采用紧密纺纱工艺纺制高档精梳毛纱,通过合理配置各工序的工艺参数,加强纺纱过程质量监控,以改善精梳毛纱成纱的毛羽和条干,提高纱线强度、断裂伸长率;在纺纱中,通过和毛油、针梳机针号、加压等工艺的控制,达到控制毛纱的毛粒,以使后序工艺加工出高品质的精纺面料。     

毛纺织生产工艺基础理论研究(十二)

精纺毛纱生产工艺中张力问题研究 (下) 三、精纺毛纱加拈张力的理论研究 组成精梳毛纱结构的另一个重要工艺就是用不同性能的纤维,纺成不同支数与结构的毛纱,而毛纱对织物表面花型组织,形成不同的织物性能,达到毛织品面料(男面料,女面料,工业用料等)有不同的风格;例如弹性、强力、松紧、厚薄、细腻等。用图138来表示: 毛纱中最主要的物理特性是由纤维束抱合而具有圆形横切面的,弹性充足的,强力达到需要标准的条件,加拈理论研究上的理想毛纱应该具备三点条件: 第一:毛纱内纤维顺直排列 第二:纤维直径有一定程度的不均匀状态,纤维螺旋形回转而…     

接结双层组织在毛精纺设计中的应用

文章设计了三种风格完全不同的毛精纺双层织物,包括表里撞色面料、防风保暖面料和时尚泡皱面料,通过对纱线、组织结构、密度和接结点四个元素进行调整,获得三种毛精纺双层织物的设计方法,有利于功能性和时尚性毛精纺面料的开发。     

含锦氨长丝毛精纺面料的纱线纺制及后整理关键工艺改进

为解决含锦氨长丝的毛纱生产技术难度大、疵点多及其面料整理时易产生折痕和尺寸不稳定等问题,通过优选多组分纤维组合方式、改变长丝退绕工艺和改造纺纱设备等方法改进纺纱工艺,结合后整理采用坯布和干整理2次热定形工艺、平幅洗呢和高速空气撞击柔软工艺相结合等方法,制备一种含锦氨长丝毛精纺面料。对混纺纱线的乌斯特指标和面料的尺寸稳定性、弹性、强力、耐磨性等指标进行测试分析。结果表明：制得的含锦氨长丝的毛精纺面料弹性优良、耐磨性和尺寸稳定性好,易于护理,适合制作各季职业装等服装;含锦氨长丝的毛纱条干CV值、粗细节和毛羽指数达到乌斯特公报5%水平,强力、强度和伸长指标达乌斯特公报5%～50%水平。     

利用拉细羊毛开发高档毛精纺面料

OPTIM拉细羊毛是一种由工艺与技术相结合产生的新型改性羊毛纤维,利用其开发的面料具有很高的附加值。文章介绍了利用其开发高档毛精纺面料过程中面临的工艺质量问题;并通过生产实践和试验对比,给出了较具体的工艺措施。     

水洗风格毛精纺面料的生产工艺探讨

为满足人们对服装风格多元化的需求,文章探讨创新型产品——水洗风格毛精纺面料的特点及其在毛精纺面料开发上的适应性,从产品设计关键参数及后整理工艺等方面阐述生产控制要点。与常规毛精纺面料相比,水洗风格产品呢面更加蓬松柔软,手感丰厚,视觉效果清新自然、返璞归真,风格独树一帜,因此水洗风格产品不同于常规毛精纺面料的开发。由于水洗风格产品成品物理指标如气蒸收缩和落水变形等不易达到GB/T 26382—2011《精梳毛织品》的要求,因此通过染整后整理工艺,面料的物理服用性能可以达到国标要求,产品可以批量生产。     

精纺毛/涤面料表面化学改性与拒水整理协同超拒水工艺探究

通过对精纺毛/涤面料进行表面化学改性和拒水整理,最终协同实现超拒水效果。首先采用二氯异氰尿酸钠和过硫酸钠等氧化试剂对精纺毛/涤面料表面进行化学改性,得到了对精纺毛织物表面进行化学改性的最佳工艺:二氯异氰尿酸钠∶过硫酸钠质量比为1∶1,改性时间60 min,改性温度50℃;对改性后的精纺毛/涤面料进行拒水整理,在整理剂C6助剂(Oleophobol TMCP-SLA)10%(owf),浴比1∶10,温度30℃,浸渍15 min的条件下,最终精纺毛/涤面料的拒水接触角可以达到151°,达到超拒水效果。     

水性聚氨酯胶复合非织造布/软木纸材料的性能研究

采用水性聚氨酯（PU）胶对非织造布与软木纸进行复合,通过正交试验探讨了加热温度、加热时间、滚压压力和滚压次数对非织造布／软木纸复合材料剥离强度、弯曲刚度和拉伸强度的影响,采用数理统计分析法得到了水性聚氨酯（PU）胶用于非织造布／软木纸复合材料制作的最佳工艺,并与VEA乳胶的复合结果进行了对比。     

Novel derivatives of 3D woven T-shaped composites with improved performance

Conventional 3D woven T-shaped preforms were modified for improving joint/ peel off strength of associated T-shaped polymeric composites. Preforms were modified at weaving level by preferred yarns orientations for better performance in associated composites. Major modifications studied are; the addition of supporting layer, single or double-crossing in joint layers and crossing along with supporting layer (in a single sample). Novel derivatives were compared with conventionally used (on-loom and off-loom) T-shaped 3D woven composites. Microscopic analysis was also carried out to analyze the orientation of yarns and analysis of samples from failure point after testing. By combined variation of crossing and supporting layers improvement of 47.37% in peel off strength and 70.37% in impact strength was observed. Modified T shapes can serve to be a good replacement for conventional T-shaped stiffener (used to avoid folding under loads) and in joints.     

烟用拉线粘接性能的测试方法

为研究烟用拉线粘接性能的测试方法,分析了初粘性、持粘性、水平剥离强度、90°剥离强度、180°剥离强度等粘接性能测试方法的基本原理,对水平剥离强度、90°剥离强度和180°剥离强度测试方法进行了比较.结果表明:初粘性、水平剥离强度均不适用于拉线粘接性能的测试;持粘性测试方法需要时间较长,不适宜作为拉线粘接性能优劣的判定手段;180°剥离强度测试结果离散度小,变异系数为3.5％,优于90°剥离强度测试方法,且测试方法科学合理、数据稳定、适用性强,可以作为表征烟用拉线粘接性能的测试方法.     

粘扣带剥离强度力学模型研究

通过建立粘扣带单钩剥离强力力学模型,推导出整片粘扣带剥离强度力学模型,得到粘扣带剥离强度计算式;按照理论剥离强度相对于实际剥离强度的偏差百分率不大于5%,对单位宽度钩的密度、钩挂率、修正系数人为取值,从而得到粘扣带剥离强度的简单计算式,即剥离强度与粘扣带钩的直径的关系式,在有限范围内可以用于粘扣带剥离强度的计算和预测。     

聚乳酸包覆相变材料复合织物的制备及其性能

利用静电纺丝法制备聚乳酸（PLA）包覆相变材料的纳米纤维膜,为了改善其与普通织物间的复合牢度,首先对其进行等离子体处理,再同粘胶、羊毛织物进行复合,探讨了等离子体处理复合织物前后及各材料之间在保温、透气透湿、拉伸强力和剥离强力方面的差异。结果表明：等离子体处理前后粘胶/PLA/羊毛复合织物的透气性低于羊毛织物,处理前后的透湿量较羊毛/ 粘胶复合织物分别降低76.5%和62.5%;拉伸强力高于PLA/相变材料纳米纤维膜;粘胶/PLA/羊毛复合织物经等离子体处理前后的克罗值比粘胶/羊毛复合织物分别提升了18.07%和17.78%;等离子体处理后的粘胶/PLA/羊毛复合织物在剥离强力性能上较处理前提升了34.4%.     

纳米SiO2改性对聚丙烯薄膜力学性能和阻隔性能的影响

为了改变聚丙烯薄膜的物理力学性能及阻隔性能,研制了一种自制的纳米SiO2改性助剂,通过与聚丙烯树脂熔融共混,吹制出聚丙烯/纳米SiO2复合薄膜,并对其拉伸性能、穿刺性能、摩擦系数、剥离强度等物理力学性能以及透氧、透湿等阻隔性能进行了测试。研究结果表明,当纳米SiO2的添加量为0.061%时,改性聚丙烯复合薄膜的拉伸性能及剥离强度有较大提高,穿刺性能、摩擦系数降低,同时,随着纳米SiO2添加量的增加,改性聚丙烯复合材料对水蒸气及氧气的阻隔性能显著增强。     

Mechanical Properties of Melon Measured by Compression,Shear, and Cutting Modes

Mechanical properties of three common varieties of melon were measured. These are toughness, rupture force, shear strength, maximum shearing force, and cutting force. The role of peel (%) on each property was also calculated as the relative contribution of peel to unpeeled produce. The shear strength of peel was statistically found similar (p > 0.05) for all varieties. The same result was also revealed for unpeeled produce. Using rupture force was not recommended for peeling watermelon, because of close values of this property for its peel and unpeeled case. The required energy for peeling all three varieties of melon was determined to be 500 N mm. Peeling melons using cutter tools could not be recommended.     

Surface modification of nylon fabric and its optimization for improved adhesion in rubber composites

Nylon-6,6 fabric was treated with formic acid for surface roughening and was subjected to Resorcinol Formaldehyde Latex treatment for making rubber composites. Physicochemical effects of surface roughening of nylon were evidenced using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Further, the treatment effect on interfacial adhesion was quantified through peel strength test. The process parameters of the formic acid treatment were optimized using Box-Behnken method through geometrical surface roughness obtained through Kawabata evaluation system for micro-surface roughness of nylon to ensure good interfacial adhesion with rubber. Surface modification conditions of 11.2% formic acid concentration, 70 °C temperature and 30 min time were found to yield optimum condition at which surface roughness (SMD) was found to be of 20.1 μm. SEM analysis confirmed the presence of heterogeneous appearance like cracks, etches and micro-rough surfaces on the treated Nylon-6,6 fibre surface. FTIR analysis showed changes in –C = O stretching and –N–H stretching. No significant change was noted in the DSC curve. The peel strength between the rubber and treated fabric was improved to 150% in warp and 124% in weft directions, respectively with reference to the control fabric.     

Real-time process modeling of particleboard manufacture using variable selection and regression methods ensemble

This study focuses on the real-time prediction of mechanical properties such as internal bond strength (IB) and modulus of rupture (MOR) for a wood composite panels manufacturing process. As wood composite panel plants periodically test their products, a real time data fusion application was developed to align laboratory mechanical test results and their corresponding process data. Fused data were employed to build regression models that yield real-time predicted mechanical property values when new process data become available. The modeling algorithm core uses genetic algorithm to preselect a meaningful subset of process variables. Calibration models are then built using several regression methods: multiple linear regression, ridge regression, neural networks, and partial least squares regression (PLS). Four different predicted response values were generated for each new record of real time process variables. On-line validation results showed good performance of the ridge regression method with a 0.89 correlation coefficient between actual and predicted MOR values, a root mean square error (RMSEP) of 1.05 MPa and a mean normalized error of 9 %. IB was best predicted by PLS with a 0.81 correlation coefficient between actual IB and PLS predicted IB values, a RMSEP of 75.1 kPa, and a mean normalized error of 15 %.     

聚丙烯非织造布/无机材料粘接用胶黏剂的制备

基于物理混合法制备了氯化聚丙烯乳液型胶黏剂。通过正交试验研究了乳化剂用量、乳化温度、乳化时间对胶黏剂的粒径、黏度、剥离强度与稳定性的影响。试验发现:乳化剂用量是影响胶黏剂粒径、黏度和稳定性的最主要因素,而乳化温度和乳化剂含量对剥离强度有较大影响,只有当胶黏剂的粒径和黏度合适分散时,剥离强度最大。当氯化聚丙烯∶离子型表面活性剂(乳化剂1)∶非离子型表面活性剂(乳化剂2)的质量比为50∶2∶1,乳化温度60℃,乳化时间3 h时,所得胶黏剂的综合性能最佳。