中能重离子在位置灵敏CsI(Tl)探测器中能损与光输出响应的关系

描述了一种双维位置灵敏CsI(Tl)探测器的结构及其读出系统,用中能次级束研究其能损与光输出关系。使用Bρ+(ΔE-TOF)方法鉴别次级束,刻度了CsI(Tl)探测器位置信号的线性,并用其光输出与入射粒子的A、Z关系刻度其能量。结果表明,CsI(Tl)探测器输出信号的ADC读出与QDC读出(即其光输出)有很好的线性关系。     

ΔE-E望远镜在~9C碎裂反应上的应用

为研究9 C的晕核结构,一套ΔE-E望远镜探测器应用在兰州放射性次级束流线(RIBLL)上进行的9 C碎裂反应实验中,用来测量反应中产生的碎片。为解决ΔE-E望远镜中硅条的干扰问题及硅条和CsI的能量刻度,利用硅条的感应信号对重离子在硅条上产生的饱和信号进行能量刻度,并通过模拟程序与事例得到的刻度点对CsI(Tl)晶体进行能量刻度。同时使用在硅条和CsI(Tl)晶体上的位置信息对反应物径迹进行重建,从而得到同一离子在硅条与CsI(Tl)晶体上信号的符合,并得到了最终的有效物理事件。     

CsI(Tl)探测器对带电粒子能量响应的入射位置依赖关系

在放射性核束物理的实验研究中,通常采用CsI(Tl)探测器对反应产物中的带电粒子进行总能量测量.使用GEANT4软件对CsI(Tl)闪烁体探测器能量响应通进行了蒙特卡罗模拟,在考虑了晶体外表面包覆材料反射率、耦合光敏二极管面积、射程等影响因素后,重点研究了CsI(Tl)闪烁体探测器对带电粒子能量响应的入射位置依赖关系....     

半导体探测器的厚度确定及CsI(Tl)的刻度

根据核反应过程中发射带电粒子在硅半导体中的最大能量沉积,利用带电粒子在硅半导体中的阻止本领曲线,同时实现半导体探测器的厚度确定及与之组合的CsI(Tl）的刻度。     

CsI(Tl)探测器对γ射线探测参数的MC模拟

介绍了MC法模拟CsI(Tl)探测器对γ射线探测参数的实验研究。实验采用MC程序包Geant4,分别模拟了Cs I(Tl)探测器探测对不同能量的γ射线点源的探测效率、峰总比和能量分辨率。实验中将模拟值与实测值进行了对比,获得了较好的一致性。实验结果表明:MC法可为Cs I(Tl)探测器性能研究提供参考数据和设计方法。     

无机闪烁探测器综述

主要介绍了无机闪烁探测器的发展和现状.包括对常用无机闪烁晶体NaI(Tl)、CsI(Na)、CsI(Tl)、CsI(Pure)、BaF2、BGO、CdWO4、GSO:Ce和YAP:Ce等的密度、等效原子序数、衰减时间、光输出、发射光谱、能量分辨率、温度特性、辐射性能、加工性能等方面的介绍,以及对Ce3 掺杂的新型闪烁体的特性及发展前景的介绍.旨在为读者选择、使用无机闪烁晶体提供一份参考.     

空间带电粒子谱仪性能测试及能量刻度

采用金硅面垒探测器及CsI(Tl)探测器设计制作了一套△E-E型探测空间粒子的望远镜系统,利用α粒子、质子、氧离子、铁离子4种粒子对该望远镜系统和电子学系统进行性能测试和能量刻度。电子学的增益系统分为三挡,分别为1.0、1/3和1/12.75。实验结果表明:对于α粒子,采用1/3挡,在△E_1和△E_2探测器中每道能量分别是H_1=0.107 MeV和H_2=0.123 MeV。对质子能量的刻度,采用1挡,每道能量H值为0.016 7 MeV,这个H值几乎不随能量变化,在CsI探测器中,每道能量H为1.047 MeV。对氧离子的能量刻度采用1/12.75的挡别,刻度出每道能量是1.11 MeV。在探测器中,沉积能量高于50 MeV,电子学系统进入饱和状态。对铁离子的标定结果与氧离子的结果相同。     

中能重离子在位置灵敏CsI(T1)探测器中能损与光输出响应的关系

描述了一种双维位置灵敏CsI(T1)探测器的结构及其读出系统,用中能次级束研究其能损与光输出关系.使用Bp+(△E-TOF)方法鉴别次级束,刻度了CsI(T1)探测器位置信号的线性,并用其光输出与入射粒子的A、Z关系刻度其能量.结果表明,CsI(T1)探测器输出信号的ADC读出与QDC读出(即其光输出)有很好的线性关系.     

CDEX实验中CsI(Tl)晶体反符合探测器实验测试

CDEX(China Dark matter EXperiment)合作组将在中国锦屏极深地下实验室(CJPL China Jin-Ping deep underground Laboratory)利用极低能阈高纯锗(ULE-HPGe)探测器进行暗物质的直接探测。在地下实验之前,对CsI(Tl)晶体反符合探测器进行了地面的实验研究。主要包括光导的选择,光反射层的选择,CsI(Tl)晶体的高度一致性测试,不同侧面非均匀性的测试,以及所有晶体的测试结果。通过地面实验的前期工作,我们对反符合探测器有了一定认识,为地下实验做了准备。     

新型脉冲形状甄别器

介绍利用脉冲波形前、后沿信息所研制的新型(NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na))复合晶体探测器脉冲形状甄别器(PSD)和性能测试结果,实测表明该PSD具有最佳甄别因子>3.5,能很好地区分纯NaI和CsI信号,对康普顿事件也有很好的拒斥能力,已多次用于球载空间观测实验。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.