黄芩全效牙膏的研制与脱敏疗效临床观察

本文叙述了利用牙体生物电位分布规律及电化学原理研制的脱敏药物TMJ，结合最新口腔高效广谱抗菌剂玉洁纯（MP）和氟化物，开发具有有效抵御牙本质过敏并对口腔进行全面护理的牙膏，同时在临床中实施有效验证。     

含有光活性衍生物的水处理剂

根据本发明，该水处理组成物是一种有效抑制腐蚀和生物腐蚀过程的组成物。作为一种缓蚀剂，其含有一种或多种氨基和／或羟甲基化单或聚合磷酸，其作为缓蚀剂显示出系统效应，可以是羟甲基化氨基酸、嘌呤衍生物、不饱和芳香剂和碳酸，稠芳香化合物（苯和甲基苯三唑衍生物）、水溶性聚合物和无机磷酸盐衍生物，作为生物缓蚀剂，     

凋落物多样性在生态系统功能中起作用

正人们已经非常清楚生物多样性对初级生产力等生态系统功能有一个积极影响,但它对植物凋落物的多样性和分解植物凋落物的生物的多样性的影响却不是很清楚。Stephan及同事对从亚北极到热带、包括水生生态系统和陆地生态系统在内的五个地点所进行的并行操纵实验中的凋落物多样性进行了研究。在全部所研究的生态系统中,他们发现,降低凋落物的多样性或食碎屑生物(无脊椎动物和分解凋落物的微生物)的     

发展生物柴油之我见

一、生物柴油定义和浅解 生物柴油(Biodiesel)是一种源生于植物油或动物油脂肪酸的单烷基酯,而不是完整的三酰基甘油(甘油三酸酯).以生物柴油与石油为基料的柴油机燃料的掺合物,也常被称作"生物柴油"[1].但是这种叫法在技术上并不是很准确,更确切地说,它应被称为"生物柴油掺合物(Biodiesel Blends)".同时,按照加入的数量命名,可表明生物柴油组份的百分率.依此方法,纯粹生物柴油叫B100,同理B20是指内含20%(以体积计)生物柴油和80%石油为基料的柴油.     

生物型牙膏

生物型牙膏就是在牙膏中加入生物活性物质的牙膏。所谓生物活性物质是指对生物机体有特定活性功能的物质。生物型牙膏对洁齿固牙，保持口腔健康会发生特定的作用。     

最新专利

<正>一种生物基可降解纤维及其制备方法公开号CN102392318A/公开日2012-03-28/申请人中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所本发明的生物基可降解纤维为包含体积结晶度为5%～75%的聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)均聚物或共聚物以及体积结晶度为5%～65%的聚乳酸(PLA)均聚物或共聚物的组合物,纤维中PHA质     

喹诺酮金属配合物的研究进展

喹诺酮类是人工合成的广谱抗生素,具有良好的口服吸收和生物利用度。喹诺酮衍生物是世界上最常用的处方抗菌药物,许多喹诺酮金属配合物具有与母体类似或更强的抗菌活性。设计具有潜在药理活性的金属配合物已经引起广泛关注,是日后开发此类药物的重要方向。本文总结了喹诺酮金属配合物的研究进展。     

专利文摘

DE-3939-831-A CPI 9024-1-7 适用于生物的结晶玻璃—具有高的机械强度,可用于牙科一种新型的适用于生物的结晶玻璃包括云母型(K9Mg5Si8O20F4)的结晶和磷酸钙结晶,它是一种无钠的氧化物玻璃. 用途/优点:结晶玻璃(玻璃—陶瓷)适用于牙科中补牙或镀牙,它具有优良的机械强度和生物适应性.     

人造牙根

西德发明了一种牙齿填料混合物,这种混合物和瓷很相似,它含有铝的氧化物。在拔出病牙根之后,移植手术能够立即进行,并且是无痛的,在人造牙根上直接装上牙桥和牙冠。     

半水石膏水化硬化过程的结构形成

半水石膏,作为一个单独的胶凝物质,对研究迄今尚未搞清楚,甚至是最简单的单矿物胶凝物的凝固和硬化过程的物理化学规律与探明这些过程的机理是具有特别价值的。由原始无水或少水的胶凝物转变为水化新生物的过程是该胶凝物的水化硬化,即其与水     

炭纤维人工气管的研究

通过对医用炭纤维的研制，优化出了制作炭纤维人工气管假体材料，用此材料制成的人工气管已通过５１条犬的试验及３例临床应用。     

CoCrMo合金植体上陶瓷复合涂层的研究

本文通过现代技术手段对在ＣｏＣｒＭｏ生物金属材料基体上建立ＴｉＮ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合涂层进行了研究。采用射频等离子技术进行涂层制备；运用电化学技术和原子吸收光谱测定复合涂层的保护性效果。结果表明这种复合涂层极大地增强了人工假体在人体生理环境中的抗侵蚀能力，能完全有效地防止金属基材的有害离子释放，为这种金属假体在人体中的永久植入创造了条件     

In Vitro Cytotoxicity of D18 and Y6 as Potential Organic Photovoltaic Materials for Retinal Prostheses

Millions of people worldwide are diagnosed with retinal dystrophies such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. A retinal prosthesis using organic photovoltaic (OPV) semiconductors is a promising therapeutic device to restore vision to patients at the late onset of the disease. However, an appropriate cytotoxicity approach has to be employed on the OPV materials before using them as retinal implants. In this study, we followed ISO standards to assess the cytotoxicity of D18, Y6, PFN-Br and PDIN individually, and as mixtures of D18/Y6, D18/Y6/PFN-Br and D18/Y6/PDIN. These materials were proven for their high performance as organic solar cells. Human RPE cells were put in direct and indirect contact with these materials to analyze their cytotoxicity by the MTT assay, apoptosis by flow cytometry, and measurements of cell morphology and proliferation by immunofluorescence. We also assessed electrophysiological recordings on mouse retinal explants via microelectrode arrays (MEAs) coated with D18/Y6. In contrast to PFN-Br and PDIN, all in vitro experiments show no cytotoxicity of D18 and Y6 alone or as a D18/Y6 mixture. We conclude that D18/Y6 is safe to be subsequently investigated as a retinal prosthesis.     

Nature inspired dough processing of alumina-zirconia composites: Rheology,plasticity and weibull analysis towards net shaping

Advanced ceramic composites of alumina/zirconia are widely used in structural, functional and biomedical applications owing to superior physico-mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Unlike clays/bread dough, green shaping of ceramics was limited to slip casting due to insufficient plasticity. Herein, we introduce a ceramic dough forming inspired by the natural chemistry and mechanism of wheat flour dough. Ceramic blends were kneaded into a soft visco-plastic dough with vinyl polymer assuming the role of gluten matrix. A weakly linked dough matrix with a higher loss modulus enhanced the rate of powder deagglomeration and homogeneous distribution of the different phases during kneading. High plasticity index of the dough offers replication of intricate features with good dimensional retention. Dental prosthesis like root form implant, dental crown and bridge were successfully machined on a dried blank. Shape forming by this route is a viable alternative for dental prosthesis as evidenced by microstructure, strength and Weibull modulus values.     

Silicone-based biomaterials for biomedical applications: Antimicrobial strategies and 3D printing technologies

Silicone is a synthetic polymer widely used in the biomedical industry as implantable devices since 1940, owing to its excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Silicone biomaterials are renowned for their biocompatibility due to their inert nature and hydrophobic surface. A timeline illustration shows critical development periods of using silicone in varied biomedical applications. In this review, silicone properties are discussed along with several biomedical applications, including medical inserts, speciality contact lenses, drains and shunts, urinary catheters, reconstructive gel fillers, craniofacial prosthesis, nerve conduits, and metatarsophalangeal joint implants. Silicones are prone to microbial infections when exposed and interactions with the host tissue. As in the case of medical inserts, the development of specific antimicrobial strategies is essential. The review highlights silicone implants' interaction with soft and bone tissue and various antimicrobial strategies, including surface coating, physical or chemical modifications, treating with antibiotics or plasma-activated surfaces to develop the resistance to bacterial infection. Finally, 3D printing technology, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine applications, and future trends are also critically presented, indicating the silicone's potential as a biomaterial.     

Calculation of admissible amplitude of unevenness on the functional surfaces of special all-ceramic and metalloceramic structures

The problem of rational designing of ceramic and metalloceramic dentures is considered. The evaluation of the stress-strain state and the solution of the boundary inhomogeneous elastoplastic problem are used for determining the critical values of the amplitudes of all-ceramic cusps. The effect of the basis of the inhomogeneous structure on the changes in the angles of critical loads at which the prosthesis functions reliably up to the appearance of irreversible phenomena (cleavage of the ceramics, basis fracture) is estimated.     

Novel full-ceramic monoblock acetabular cup with a bioactive trabecular coating: design,fabrication and characterization

Over the last 25 years, the philosophy behind an optimal fixation of orthopaedic implants to hard tissues progressively evolved towards “bone-conservative” solutions in order to minimize bone resection/loss and maximize tissue-implant integration. Hence, the researchers׳ attention moved from “traditional” fixation of the prosthesis to host bone by using screws or acrylic cement to new strategies based on physico-chemical bonding and surface modification of the implant. This research work explores the feasibility of a novel bioceramic monoblock acetabular cup for hip joint prosthesis that can be fixed to the patient׳s bone by means of a bone-like trabecular coating able to promote implant osteointegration. Sponge replica method was properly adapted and optimized to produce hemispherical foam-like bioactive glass-ceramic coatings that were joined to Al₂O₃/ZrO₂ composite cups by the interposition of a glass-ceramic interlayer. Morphological analyses by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography revealed the good quality of joining at the different interfaces. Preliminary investigation of the mechanical properties was carried out to evaluate the suitability of the device for biomedical use. In vitro bioactive behaviour was assessed by immersion studies in simulated body fluid and evaluating the apatite formation on the struts of the trabecular coating. The concepts and findings reported in the present work can have a significant impact in the field of implantable devices, suggesting a valuable alternative to currently-applied but often suboptimal techniques for bone-prosthesis fixation.     

Development of biocompatible and biofilm-resistant silver-poly(methylmethacrylate) nanocomposites for stomatognathic rehabilitation

Abstract

Recurrent prosthesis fracture and microbial contamination of the tissue bed or prosthetic materials remain the major clinical challenge for successful intraoral/faciomaxillary rehabilitation. Biocompatible and biofilm-resistant silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) based on poly(methyl methacrylate) was successfully developed by a compression-molding technique. The AgNP-loaded PMMA were characterized using TEM, SEM, FT-IR and XRD analysis. The nanocomposites were found to be biocompatible and biofilm-resistant against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Mechanical performance of the nanocomposite was statistically analysed and modulus of elasticity was theoretically predicted using four models. The biomaterial developed in this study can be effectively used for stomatognathic rehabilitation.     

牙科修复粘结性材料

牙科治疗和修复应用的粘结性材料包括粘固剂、合成粘结剂和复合树脂三大类。本文对上述三类材料的组成和性能,在牙科临床的应用情况,研究进展,改性方向等进行了介绍。     

纳米材料改性UHMWPE人工关节的研究进展

人工髋关节的最薄弱部分是由超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)组成的髋臼,要延长人工关节的整体使用期限,应从改良UHMWPE的性能入手。对国内外近5年针对碳基纳米材料及其他纳米材料对UHMWPE的填充改性研究成果进行了综述及展望。