前处理方法对不锈钢涂装性能的影响

不锈钢涂装前处理工艺不当会造成表面涂层附着不良。目前,不锈钢涂装前处理工艺多集中在化学除油或喷砂两方面,不能兼顾涂层的附着性能与防腐蚀性能。通过进行化学除油-浸蚀-钝化配套工艺研究,结果表明,不锈钢基材表面粗糙度明显增大,自腐蚀电位提高,耐蚀能力得到增强。表面涂装后涂层的附着力级别达到1级,附着性能稳定,涂层抑制锈蚀蔓延的能力显著提高。     

喷砂粒径对农业机械涂装膜层性能的影响

研究了喷砂粒径对农业机械涂装膜层性能的影响,测试了采用不同粒径的砂粒进行喷砂处理后零部件表面的粗糙度、漆膜的厚度、韧性、附着力与耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,农业机械进行喷砂涂装较为合适的粒径为100～120目,喷砂后零部件表面粗糙度在23～28μm之间,涂装后膜层附着力与耐腐蚀性能最优。     

高耐蚀性常温磷化工艺研究

碳钢件涂装前处理多采用磷化工艺,但常温磷化膜层较薄,耐蚀性能较差。对常温磷化工艺进行改进,得到高耐蚀性常温磷化工艺。研究发现,常温磷化工序前增加表调步骤能够细化晶粒,磷化工序后增加封闭处理,磷化膜层的致密性和抗蚀能力明显改善,膜层的耐硫酸铜点滴时间提高到60 s。封闭处理不影响涂装后漆膜的附着能力,漆膜的附着力达到0~1级,高耐蚀性常温磷化工艺可以作为涂装前处理技术。     

SK-410B清洗剂替代汽油在运载火箭表面清洗的研究

运载火箭表面涂装前的除油处理,过去常用汽油作为清洗剂。文中筛选4种常用清洗剂,经过对4种溶剂型清洗剂的性质和特点进行对比,对铝基体的腐蚀性、燃烧性、挥发性、挂水试验,及对涂装后漆膜的冲击强度测试、附着力测试、湿热试验等,发现华阳新兴科技集团生产的SK-410B清洗剂可以快速彻底去除火箭外表面油污,完全可替代汽油作为运载火箭表面涂装前的除油工序,消除了作业中的燃爆风险。     

磷化膜与阴极电泳漆膜配套性存在的问题

磷化是汽车涂装前处理中最重要的一道工序，它可以使车体表面洁净，并在车体内外表面形成一层均匀的磷化膜，以保证涂层具有良好的防腐蚀性能和装饰性能。磷化膜作为汽车涂装前的底层，能提高漆膜附着力和整个涂层体系的耐腐蚀能力。磷化膜与漆膜配套性良好，可使漆膜附着力提高2～3倍，整体耐腐蚀性提高1～2倍。如果磷化膜与阴极电泳漆膜配套不良，     

车架电泳漆膜表面粗糙问题分析与改善

电泳涂装产品性能的好坏最终通过电泳漆膜性能体现,因此在电泳涂装结束后需要对涂膜各项性能进行检测以验证漆膜品质。车架电泳涂装结束后,现场需要对电泳涂膜膜厚、附着力、外观、光泽等性能进行检测,电泳漆膜的表面粗糙问题直接影响产品外观。本文通过气相色谱、SEM等检测手段,对车架电泳漆膜表面粗糙问题进行分析,找到电泳漆膜表面粗糙的原因并提出相应的解决措施。     

等离子体表面处理对木塑复合材料涂饰性能的影响

为改善聚丙烯基木塑复合材料表面与涂料之间的附着效果,利用等离子体处理技术,对其表面进行处理。采用接触角测试、傅立叶变换红外光谱分析(FTIR)以及X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)对处理前后复合材料表面的性能变化进行了分析,同时采用自动附着力测试仪对等离子体处理后复合材料表面与丙烯酸聚氨酯水性漆的附着效果进行了测试。研究结果表明,经等离子体处理后,聚丙烯基木塑复合材料的表面接触角减小,表面润湿性得到改善,表面有-OH、-C=O和-O-C=O等新官能团生成;XPS分析表明,经等离子体处理后,材料表面氧含量增加。漆膜附着力测试表明,等离子体处理后材料表面与丙烯酸聚氨酯水性漆的漆膜附着力有显著提高。     

在有锈、有水表面涂装的特种环氧涂料

通过对不同类样板进行涂装测试结果表明:Nu Forte系列产品可在低处理表面的基材上面和高湿度条件下进行涂装施工,漆膜仍有优异的耐腐蚀性能等;尤其Nu Forte DX产品并可直接在焦油环氧等旧漆膜表面进行修补涂装,有较高的层间附着力等特点.     

粉尘对风电叶片涂层附着性能的影响

风电叶片在生产过程中,复合材料表面会由于各种原因粘附有粉尘.在叶片的涂装过程中,粉尘的存在会对漆膜在复合材料壳体上及漆膜层间的附着性能产生负面影响.该研究设计实验,使叶片壳体或涂层表面沉降粉尘后进行下道涂装,涂层固化后通过拉开法考察了涂装过程中粉尘对漆膜附着性能的影响.结果表明:粉尘的存在对涂层对复合材料壳体及涂层层间...     

脱漆剂

前处理,除了对被处理表面进行必要的除尘去污、脱脂、除锈等处理工序外,若被处理表面尚残留有漆膜,则还必须对附着於被处理表面的旧漆膜进行脱漆处理。如果不彻底去除这些旧漆膜,则将严重影响随后的电镀或涂装工艺处理,严重影响镀涂层与被处理表面之间的附着力,以及镀涂层的防腐保护和装饰性能。旧漆膜的退除,按照不同的要求、不同的基材、不同的涂层有不同的方法。其中使用脱漆剂是目前常用的方法之一,但脱漆剂必须具有快速、彻底、高效、方便的特点。目前市售的脱漆剂,按其组成的不同,其性能亦有差异,然而其脱漆机理则基本上皆依赖於溶解…     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。