Influence of Tb substitution on low-field magnetocaloric effect in Gd5Si1.72Ge2.28 alloy

The lattice parameters, magnetic phase transition, Curie temperature and magnetocaloric properties for (Gd_1−x Tb _x )₅Si_1.72-Ge_2.28 alloys with x = 0, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 were investigated by X-ray powder diffractometry and magnetization measurements. The results show that suitable partial substitution of Tb in Gd₅Si_1.72Ge_2.28 compound remains the first-order magnetic-crystallographic transition and enhances the magnetic entropy change, although Tb substitution decreases the Curie temperature (T _C) of the compounds. The magnetic entropy change of (Gd_1−x Tb _x )₅Si_1.72Ge_2.28 alloys retains a large value in the low magnetic field of 1.0 T. The maximum magnetic entropy change for (Gd_0.80Tb_0.20)₅Si_1.72Ge_2.28 alloy in the magnetic field from 0 to 1.0 T reaches 8.7 J/(kg·K), which is nearly 4 times as large as that of (Gd_0.3Dy_0.7)₅Si₄ compound (|ΔS _max| = 2.24 J/(kg·K), T _C = 198 K). Foundation item: Project (50371058) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

La_(1-x)Pr_xFe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)(x=0.1,0.2,0.3)金属间化合物的晶体结构和磁熵变研究

通过X射线和磁性测量等手段对所制备的金属间化合物La1-xPrxFe11.4Si1.6(x=0.1,0.2,0.3)的结构和磁性进行了研究.结果表明,在1 373 K温度下,经过50 d退火所得的化合物均形成了单相立方NaZn13型结构;部分Pr替代La原子后,会引起晶格畸变;另在外磁为1.5 T时,Pr含量为x=0.1,0.2,0.3时的最大磁熵变|ΔS(T,H)M|max分别为15.06,37.08和15.22 J/kg.K.大的磁熵变来源于TC处磁化强度的陡峭变化和TC以上磁场诱发的巡游电子变磁转变.     

MA制备GdSiGeDy合金系室温磁制冷性能研究

机械合金化(MA)是一种材料固态非平衡加工新技术.本文主要探讨稀土元素Dy在机械合金化工艺条件下对磁制冷合金GdSiGe磁熵变的影响,发现用机械合金化制备的GdSiGeDy合金系室温磁制冷材料不仅有光滑的磁熵变曲线,而且研究表明,由于元素Dy的加入在磁熵变达到单质Gd的两倍情况下大量减少使用昂贵元素Ge的结果,具有明显经济效益.     

巨磁热效应合金Gd5Ge2(Si2-xMx)的结构和显微组织

通过用热稳定元素Mn和A l代替Gd5S i2Ge2合金中的(S i Ge)后对合金的晶体结构、显微组织和磁性能的影响研究表明,少量的掺杂量不会改变Gd5S i2Ge2的单斜型晶体结构,但它的晶格常数增大,体积膨胀,居里温度提高,然而掺杂样品的磁热效应降低.样品的显微组织随着热稳定元素Mn和A l掺杂量的增加,晶粒在长大,同时第二相析出量也在增加.     

Gd5(Ge2-xSi2-xM2x)化合物的晶体结构和磁性研究

研究了用稳定元素Mn、Mo、Al和V代替非磁性的Si和Ge对Gd5Ge2Si2化合物的居里温度的影响；并且研究了Gd5(Ge2-xSi2-xM2x)(M=Mn、Mo、Al和V)样品退火处理对居里温度的影响．结果表明少量的合金化元素替代会提高Gd5Ge2Si2化合物的居里温度；退火后居里温度随替代元素的含量变化比退火前更敏感．X射线粉末衍射分析表明少量的合金化元素(Mn、Mo、Al和V)替代不会影响母体Gd5Ge2Si2化合物的晶体结构．对样品的晶态显微组织和表面微结构研究发现退火后组织分布比退火前更均匀。     

Gd5Ge2（Si2-xAlx）合金的结构和显微组织分析

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)及差示扫描量热(DSC)等方法对化合物Gd5Ge2(Si2-xAlx)(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.5,1.0)的结构和显微组织进行了研究。结果表明:随着Al替代Si量的增加,晶格常数(a、c)和晶胞体积(V)均增加。x=1.0时,杂质相明显出现,且主相、杂质相的居里温度会随着x含量的增加而增加。     

稀土磁致冷Gd5Ge2(Si2-xMnx)化合物的结构及微观机制

利用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对Gd5Ge2(Si2-xMnx)结构及表面形貌进行了研究.并利用差示量热法对Gd5Ge2(Si2-xMnx)的磁热性能进行了研究.x射线衍射(XRD)测量分析表明Mn的替代不会影响母体Gd5Si2Ge2的晶体结构,样品中的主相仍然具有单斜结构(P1121/a),其晶体对称性不会随Mn含量的增加而改变.随着Mn含量的增加,晶粒逐渐变大,晶常数增大,体积膨胀,同时Mn和杂质相的析出量也在增加.少量的Mn元素替代Si可以提高Gd5Si2Ge2化合物的居里温度.     

Magnetic properties of Fe3（1-x）Cr3xC alloys

The magnetic properties of Fe33(1-x)Cr3xC alloys with x=0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2, which crystallize in the cementiteFe3C-type structure with space group Pnma, were investigated by means of magnetization measurements. These alloys show tem-perature-induced second-order magnetic phase transitions. The Curie temperature (Tc) of these alloys decreases with increasing x. The isothermal magnetic-entropy changes of these alloys were derived from the magnetic isotherms measured with increasing tem-x = 0.05 in a magnetic field change from 0 to 1 T and 0 to 5 T, respectively.     

非晶合金Fe_(73.5-x)Cr_xSi_(13.5)B_9Nb_3Au_1(x=0,3,5)的临界现象

利用修正Arrott图方法研究了类Finemet的非晶合金Fe73.5-xCrxSi13.5B9Nb3Au1(x=0,3,5)的居里温度TC和铁磁-顺磁相变临界指数β,γ和δ.研究显示:所有样品的居里温度和临界指数都能很好地满足临界领域的磁性状态方程;随着Cr掺量的增加,居里温度逐渐减小;临界指数β和δ值的变化显示,相变类型从短程相互作用的3D海森堡模型逐渐变为长程相互作用的平均场模型.上述结果说明,Cr掺杂使得非晶合金Fe73.5-xCrxSi13.5B9Nb3Au1减弱了磁相互作用强度,同时扩展了磁相互作用力程.     

La_(0.65)Sr_(0.35-x)Na_xMnO_3的磁卡效应

采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备了钙钛矿型稀土锰氧化物La0.65Sr0.35-xNaxMnO3(x=0.05,0.10,0.15),利用X射线衍射(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的结构、居里温度和磁卡效应进行了研究。结果表明,随着Na含量的增加,晶胞体积减小,居里温度提高,当x=0.15时,La0.65Sr0.35-xNaxMnO3的最大磁熵变达到了1.66 J/(kg.K)。     

Mn3(Cu0.6Si0.15Ge0.25)N/Ag复合材料的负热膨胀与物理性能

采用机械球磨加固相烧结法合成Mn3(Cu0.6Si0.15Ge0.25)N/Ag复合材料。在77K-300K温度范围内,分别研究了Mn3(Cu0.6Si0.15Ge0.25)N/Ag复合材料的热膨胀性能,电导性能和热导性能。当含Ag量分别为1,5,10和20 wt%时,所有样品在有效的温度区间205K-275K表现出负热膨胀。随着Ag含量的增加,有效温度区间向室温方向移动。另外,和Mn3(Cu0.6Si0.15Ge0.25)N材料相比,Mn3(Cu0.6Si0.15Ge0.25)N/Ag复合材料具有更高的电导率1?0-6（Ohm.m）-1和热导率10.5W/(mK)。     

Enhancement of magnetic properties and thermal stability of nanocrystalline （NdDyTb）12.3（FeZrNbCu）81.7B6.0 alloy with Co substitution

The major drawbacks of Nd-Fe-B magnets are relatively low Curie temperature and poor thermal stability. Ribbons with the near stoichiometric 2:14:1 composition of Nd_(10.8)Dy_(0.75)Tb_(0.75)Fe_(79.7-x)Co_xZr_(0.8)Nb_(0.8)Cu_(0.4)B_(6.0)(x=0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15) were prepared by rapid quenching and subsequent heat treatment. The effect of Co element on the magnetic properties, thermal stability, and microstructure of the ribbons was systematically studied by vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM), thermal magnetic analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).It was found that Co substitution was significantly effective in improving the magnetic properties and the thermal stability of nanocrystalline ribbons. Although the intrinsic coercivity decreased from 1308.7 kA/m for x=0 to 817.4 kA/m for x=15, the remanence polarization and maximum energy product increased from 0.839 T and 116.5 kJ/m~3 for the Co-free samples to 1.041 T and 155.1 kJ/m~3 for the 12at% Co-substituted samples,respectively.About 10 K increase in Curie temperature was observed for the 2:14:1 phase with lat% Co substitution. The absolute values of temperature coefficients of induction and coercivity were significantly decreased with Co substitution, which may be attractive for high operational temperature applications. The microstructure of nanocrystalline ribbons was slightly refined with Co substitution.     

Effects of Nd substitution on magnetic and magneto-optical properties of TbCo/Cr films

NdTbCo/Cr amorphous films with high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were prepared onto glass substrates by rf magnetron sputtering. The effects of Nd substitution on the magnetic and magneto-optical properties of TbCo/Cr films were investigated. It was found that partial Tb substitution by Nd would increase the saturation magnetization and the Kerr rotation angle, change the temperature dependence of magneto-optical characteristics. These results can be explained by the ferrimagnetic structure of the rare earth-transition metal alloy. When the magnetic layer composition was （Nd0.265Tb0.735）31Co69, a saturation magnetization of 247 emu/cm^3 and a coercivity of 3.8 kOe at room temperature could be obtained.     

金属间化合物Tb(Fe1-xNix)11.3Nb0.7的结构和磁性能研究

利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和差示扫描量热等方法对化合物Tb（Fe1-xNix）11.3Nb0.7的结构和磁性能进行了研究.结果表明,金属间化合物Tb（Fe1-xNix）11.3Nb0.7（x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25）的结构均为ThMn12型结构,并且随Ni含量x的增大,Tb（Fe1-xNix）11.3Nb0.7金属间化合物的晶格常数a,c和单胞体积V均呈减少趋势,居里温度TC呈单调上升趋势.当x〉0.15时,Tb（Fe1-xNix）11.3Nb0.7金属间化合物中的杂质相明显呈现出来.     

Gd_5(Si_xGe_(1-x))_4磁致冷材料的研究与发展

为了促进室温磁致冷技术的实用化,本文系统全面地介绍了室温磁致冷材料Gd5(SixGe1-x)4系金属间化合物近年来的发展概况,阐明了巨磁热效应与晶体结构、相变类型的关系,着重介绍了优化合金磁热性能的各种途径,最后针对合金实用化存在的问题提出了解决方法,并对其应用前景进行了展望．     

CaCl2·6H2O/EG复合相变材料的制备与性能研究

为了改善六水氯化钙的蓄放热性能,以六水氯化钙为相变材料（PCM）、膨胀石墨（EG）为载体、六水氯化锶为成核剂,采用物理吸附法制备六水氯化钙/膨胀石墨复合相变材料,研究复合相变材料的热物理特性. 采用步冷曲线法,研究复合相变材料的过冷度、蓄/放热性能和热循环稳定性;采用扫描电镜、差示扫描量热法、热流计导热仪,对复合相变材料的显微形貌、相变潜热、相变温度、比热容和导热系数进行测定. 结果表明：在六水氯化钙中添加质量分数为10%的膨胀石墨和质量分数为2%的六水氯化锶,复合相变材料的相变潜热为151.6 J/g,导热系数提升至3.328 W/(m·K),过冷度保持在2 °C以内. 相变材料的导热系数及过冷度得到显著改善.     

添加Mo元素对Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1合金晶化过程和磁性能影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1和Fe40Co40Zr5Mo4B10Ge1两种非晶合金,并在不同温度下对其进行热处理。利用XRD和VSM两种仪器对合金的微观结构和磁性能进行测试分析,研究Mo添加对Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1合金晶化过程和磁性能的影响。结果表明,两种合金在晶化初期均有α-Fe(Co)相从非晶基体析出,但高温热处理后的晶化产物不同,Mo添加减少了高温金属化合物的含量。低于675℃热处理,Mo添加降低了合金晶化过程中析出α-Fe(Co)相的晶粒尺寸和合金的矫顽力。     

金属间化合物Dy2Co17-xGax的结构及其磁性能机制研究

利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜(SEM)和差示扫描量热(DSC)等方法对化合物Dy2Co17-xGax(x=0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0)的结构和磁性能进行了研究.结果表明,随着Ga替代Co的量的增加,化合物Dy2Co17-xGax由Th2N i17型向Th2Zn17型转变,并最终成为Th2Zn17型结构,且晶格常数(a,c)和晶胞体积(V)及居里温度Tc逐渐增大,同时看到x=5.0时,附相在化合物中已明显呈现了出来.     

Effect of Sm-doping on the morphology and magnetic properties of radio frequency magnetron sputtered Ni-Mn-Ga films

Ni55.5Mn21Ga23.5 and Ni54Mn22Ga23Sm1 films were prepared by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The effect of Sm do-pant on the morphologic and magnetic properties of Ni55.5Mn21Ga23.5 films was investigated. Sm doping can refine the particle size of the films from 100 to 60 nm, and further grain growth is not occurs even after annealing at 1073 K for 3.6 ks. Compared to Ni55.5Mn21Ga23.5 films, Sm-doped Ni54Mn22Ga23Sm1 films are easier to be magnetized and have a lower martensitic transformation temperature. In addition, the Curie temperature can also be adjusted, decreasing from 350 to 325 K after Sm doping. Martensitic transformation is not observed in the Sm-free films, which is close to the Curie temperature in the Sm-doped films, giving rise to the overlap of the structural and magnetic transi-tion temperatures.     

Directional solidification and physical properties measurements of the zinc-aluminum eutectic alloy

Zn-5wt％ Al eutectic alloy was directionally solidified with different growth rates (5.32-250.0 tm/s) at a constant temperature gradient of 8.50 K/mm using a Bridgman-type growth apparatus.The values of eutectic spacing were measured from transverse sections of the samples.The dependences of the eutectic spacing and undercooling on growth rate are determined as λ=9.21 V-0.53 and △T=0.0245 V0.53,respectively.The results obtained in this work were compared with the Jackson-Hunt eutectic theory and the similar experimental results in the literature.Microhardness of directionally solidified samples was also measured by using a microhardness test device.The dependency of the microhardness on growth rate is found as Hv=115.64V0.13.Afterwards,the electrical resistivity (r) of the casting alloy changes from 40× 10-9 to 108× 10-9 Ω·m with the temperature rising in the range of 300-630 K.The enthalpy of fusion (△H) and specific heat (Cp) for the Zn-Al eutectic alloy are calculated to be 113.37 J/g and 0.309 J/(g.K),respectively by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) from heating trace during the transformation from liquid to solid.