云计算环境下数据弱关联挖掘模型的仿真

在对云计算环境下海量数据进行挖掘的过程中,容易出现大量冗余数据,造成数据间关联性降低,导致传统的基于模糊神经网络的云计算环境下海量数据中弱关联.由于容易陷入局部最小,无法有效完成弱关联的挖掘,提出一种采用弱聚类算法的云计算环境下海量数据中弱关联挖掘方法,通过数据的描述特征对数据特征进行分解,依据数据特征,对全部数据进行融合.基于关联决策概率将云计算环境下海量数据进行有效划分,完成所有数据特征关联概率的计算,通过弱聚类方法对属性元素进行分类,将数量型元素转换成类别型,通过弱化关联规则方法,对经聚类处理后的数据进行挖掘.实验结果表明,所提方法具有很高的高效性及有效性.     

基于改进关联聚类算法的网络异常数据挖掘

为解决传统关联聚类算法挖掘网络异常数据时间复杂度高、精确度不理想等问题,提出Spark-MML聚类算法。为Apriori关联规则算法设计并行化频繁项集挖掘环境,使用兴趣度约束与支持度自适应策略挖掘网络数据特征量强关联规则;利用可变网格的局部离群点检测算法剔除K-means聚类离群点,基于最大最小距离确定聚类中心及数值K,将网络数据分为异常和非异常。测试结果表明,该方法避免聚类中心选取陷入局部最优,降低了异常数据挖掘的时间复杂度,有效节约算法运行空间,是一种可靠的网络异常数据挖掘方法。     

关联规则Apriori算法的一种优化与实现

关联规则反映了大量数据中项集之间的相互依存性和关联性。文章介绍了关联规则挖掘方法的原理,然后对关联挖掘及其典型算法进行分析,指出了Apriori算法的局限性在于会产生大量冗余的候选集并频繁扫描数据库。接下来给出一种改进的Apriori算法,通过减少对数据库搜索的次数,从而减少数据挖掘过程中的I/O开销。实践证明,用改进后的算法进行关联挖掘,效率优于传统的方法。     

聚类后的关联规则快速更新算法研究

关联规则和聚类分析是数据挖掘中重要的研究课题。通过对关联规则挖掘算法Apriori算法进行分析与研究,指出了其在实用中存在的两个主要问题。鉴于此,在分析聚类分析和关联规则两种挖掘算法的基础上,讨论了将这两种独立的挖掘方法集成起来的联合挖掘,使其可以有效地压缩数据规模。给出了聚类后的关联规则快速更新算法描述。实验结果表明,算法性能优良,提高了数据挖掘执行效率。     

改进的BPSO的特征基因选择方法及其在结肠癌检测中的应用研究

在一些大型的智能机械设备环境中,由于故障数据种类不断增加,形成了一个强冗余数据干扰的环境,这样的环境下,由于故障冗余关联规则的存在造成挖掘耗时。在充分研究关联挖掘算法的基础上,提出一种基于预测决策同态理论的强冗余数据挖掘算法,该算法通过对冗余关联中的数据以非同态信息增益惩罚因子构建同态区间,对区间内庞大的冗余关联数据进行关联约束,保证关联数据在距离较近的同态区间内,在邻近区间中采用预测决策方法进行故障的最终确认。实验证明,这种方法能够提高冗余环境下故障数据挖掘的准确率,其计算成本不高,鲁棒性较强。     

区间值属性数据集关联规则挖掘算法仿真

对区间值属性数据集进行挖掘,可以有效分析出数据之间的关系。针对现有数据挖掘方法未对大规模数据进行聚类,导致挖掘过程占据内存大,挖掘精度低的问题,提出了一种新的区间值属性数据集挖掘算法。对问题定义、数据准备、数据提取、模式预测和数据聚类等模块进行详细分析,完成区间值属性数据聚类。根据聚类结果,将区间值属性数据分成多个数据集,挑选出能够支持最小支持度的项目集,将这些项目集作为频繁项集,进而提取出数据集之间的关联规则,将关联规则融入数据计算步骤,完成数据挖掘。为验证算法效果,进行仿真,结果表明,相较于传统挖掘算法,所提挖掘算法占用容量更小,挖掘精度更高。     

聚类与关联规则在信息舞弊识别中的应用

针对现代电子数据迅速膨胀,传统的审计方式已经无法应对海量的业务数据,试图将数据挖掘中的聚类和关联规则算法引入审计领域．在研究聚类与关联规则算法的含义及相关算法—K-Means和Apriori算法的基础上,提出了一种基于聚类与关联规则的审计模型,并以某市城镇医疗保险的审计为例,首先利用聚类分析进行数据筛选,然后利用关联规则挖掘海量数据之间潜在的关系,为审计提供线索．文章通过案例分析为数据挖掘在信息舞弊识别领域的应用提供参考．     

基于改进的K-means算法的关联规则数据挖掘研究

关联规则是数据挖掘中的概念,通过分析数据找到数据之间的关联.海量数据会产生大量冗余和相似的关联规则,影响用户对规则的理解和判断.本文采用鸢尾花数据集进行实验.建立三个检验指标,删除冗余关联规则;在进行K-means分析时利用规则产生的三角形迭代选择初始点,再将删除冗余后的规则进行聚类.实验证实本文方法将相似的关联规则归为一簇,能有效的帮助用户迅速找到有用的关联规则,有助于用户更好的对规则进行理解和分析,提高了聚类的效率.     

基于相关数学模型的关联规则应用研究

1 引言数据挖掘是一个从数据中提取出有效的、新颖的、潜在有用的、并能最终被人理解的模式的非平凡过程。数据挖掘可以挖掘出的知识包括关联规则(Association)、特征规则(Characterization)、分类规则(Classification)、聚类规则(Clustering)和趋势规则(Trend)等。数据挖掘是一交叉学科,涉及到诸如统计学、数据库、人工智能、数据可视化等学科。在数据挖掘的研究领域,对于关联规则挖掘的研究开展得比较积极和深入。关联规则挖掘就是要找出隐藏在数据间的相互关系。它展示了数据间未知的依赖关系,根据这种关联性就可从某一数据对象的信息来推断另一数据对象的信息。文[8～13]对关联规则的挖掘作了有意义的研究。R.Agrawal等提出了Aprilri算法和挖掘多层次关联规则的Culmulate,Stratify等算法,J. S.Park等提出了DHP算法,J.Han等提出了面向属性归纳的关联规则挖掘算法ML—T2L1等。     

基于空间统计分析的关联规则应用研究

1 引言在数据挖掘的研究领域,对于关联规则挖掘的研究开展得比较积极和深入。关联规则挖掘就是要找出隐藏在数据间的相互关系,它展示了数据间未知的依赖关系,根据这种关联性就可从某一数据对象的信息来推断另一数据对象的信息。文[1～6]对关联规则的挖掘作了有意义的研究。R.Agrawal等提出了Apprilri算法和挖掘多层次关联规则的Culmulate,Stratify等算法,J.S.Park等提出了 DHP算法,J.Han等提出了面向属性归纳的关联规则挖掘算法ML—T2Ll等。空间统计分析主要用于空间数据的分类和综合评价,它涉及到空间和非空间数据的处理和统计计算。空间统计分析的方法很多,包括主成分分析、层次分析、系统聚类分类、判别分析、空间自相关分析和G统计分析。本文试图用空间自相关分析和G统计分析方法挖掘数据之间的关联规则。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.