共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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利用湿法相转化方法,通过在聚醚砜(PES)铸膜液中添加适量的纳米粒径的SiO2,制得了具有不同含量纳米SiO2的PES/SiO2杂化膜。对分相过程中的成膜动力学、膜的微观结构以及性能进行了分析测试,结果表明与纯PES相比,铸膜液中添加了4wt%纳米SiO2后,PES体系的成膜速度有所提高。膜断面的SEM照片表明,PES/SiO2杂化膜有更大的指状孔。膜性能测试结果表明,体系中SiO2含量对PES杂化膜的纯水通量和截留率有影响,在添加的纳米SiO2的含量较少时,所得PES杂化膜的截留率明显升高,水通量则相反而有所降低;随着体系中SiO2含量的进一步增加,PES/SiO2杂化膜的水通量明显增大,同时增强的截留率也得到了保持。 相似文献
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以1,2-二(三乙氧基硅基)乙烷(BTESE)为前驱体、PdCl2为钯源, 制备Pd掺杂有机无机杂化SiO2(POS)溶胶, 涂膜后在水蒸气氛围中煅烧, 制备得到POS膜。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、N2吸附-脱附和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对POS粉体的微观结构进行表征。考察了钯/硅摩尔比(n(Pd/Si)=0.1、0.5和1)对POS膜的气体分离性能与水热稳定性能的影响。结果表明: 随着Pd掺杂量的增加, POS膜的H2渗透率逐渐增大, H2/CO2的理想选择性逐渐下降。经100 kPa水蒸气处理180 h后, 采用n (Pd/Si)=1制备的POS膜的H2渗透率达到1.62× 10-7 mol·m-2·s-1·Pa-1, H2/CO2理想分离因子达到13.6, 表明该膜具有较好的H2渗透性能、H2/CO2分离性能和水热稳定性能。 相似文献
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以硅溶胶为晶种,使硅酸钠在壳聚糖膜中自组装形成SiO2微粒和晶须,并得到壳聚糖/SiO2杂化膜(以下简称杂化膜).用电子扫描电镜观察了SiO2微粒和晶须的形貌,研究杂化膜在水中的溶胀率,杂化膜的拉伸强度、伸长率和弹性模量等力学性能,杂化膜的热稳定性能.结果表明:杂化膜内SiO2为长3.0~6.0 μm,宽150m的晶须,以及直径为3.0μm的微粒;当膜内SiO2质量分数为7.5%时,杂化膜的力学性能达到最佳,其拉伸强度、弹性模量和断裂伸长率分别为38.39MPa、2383.02MPa、19.82%;随着杂化膜内SiO2质量分数从2.5%增加到12.5%,其溶胀率从112.0%下降到83.7%;杂化膜在200~800 nm波长范围的吸光度也逐渐降低;杂化膜的分解温度为314℃,高于单纯壳聚糖膜的分解温度290℃,表明SiO2晶须与壳聚糖杂化可提高壳聚糖膜的热稳定性. 相似文献
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甲基丙烯酸甲酯-顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物/SiO2杂化材料的制备与性能 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTEOS)为交联剂,以甲基丙烯酸甲膏(MMA)、顺丁烯二酸酐(MAH)和四乙氧基硅(TEOS)为原料,通过自由基溶液聚合和溶胶-凝胶过程制得了两相间以共价键结合的透明MMA-MAH共聚物/SiO2有机-无机杂化材料。通过FT-IR分析证实了材料有机相与无机相之间是以共价键结合的.随着无机相含量的增加,材料热性能呈明显上升趋势.复合材料可见光透过率在75%左右,当SiO2含量超过一定值后,可见光透过率逐渐降低。研究结果初步表明,在复合材料中有机相和无机相是纳米复合的。 相似文献
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通过离子交换法制备了载有银离子的13X分子筛,经热处理固化和化学还原将银离子还原为纳米银粒子,从而制备出了载有纳米银粒子的13X分子筛抗菌剂;以聚醚砜(PES)为基质聚合物,载纳米银-13X分子筛为抗菌添加组分,通过相转化法制备了载纳米银-13X分子筛/聚醚砜抗菌膜.通过场发射电镜扫描仪(FESEM)对制得的抗菌膜进行了表面和断面形态表征.结果表明:载纳米银-13X分子筛均匀分布在膜的内部;通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDX)和透射电镜(TEM)表征了载纳米银-13X分子筛抗菌剂.结果显示:13X分子筛内有较高含量的银,并且银以单质0价态滞留于分子筛孔道内.以大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌为考察对象,采用抑菌圈法和震荡烧瓶法测试载纳米银-13X分子筛/聚醚砜杂化膜的抗菌性能,对比PES原膜发现制得的抗菌膜在E.coli.和S.aureus.培养基上有明显的抑菌圈,平均抗菌率为97%,抗菌性能优异. 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法制备聚醚砜-二氧化钛杂化膜,用TEM对铸膜液中二氧化钛分散程度进行表征,并用SEM及接触角仪对膜材料的表面及断面形态、膜材料的亲水性能进行表征.结果表明,当TiO2凝胶添加量(质量分数)达到4%时,表面明显分布有大量分布均匀的TiO2纳米粒子,其断面结构则表现为皮层变厚,亚孔层消失,只存在指状大孔结构,表现为水通量随之增大,改善了聚醚砜材料的疏水性,提高了膜的抗污染性.随着二氧化钛纳米粒子浓度的提高,由于纳米粒子的团聚现象导致其在聚合物基上不能分散均匀,当膜受到外力作用时引起膜内部应力集中,使膜力学性能下降. 相似文献
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《Composites Science and Technology》2003,63(3-4):339-346
Fibrillation of LCP in a LCP/PP blend was enhanced through the introduction of nanosized silica particles to the PP matrix. LCP/(PP/SiO2) composites with various silica concentrations were injection moulded into 1 mm plaques and characterized using structural, morphological and mechanical methods. The results revealed the transformation of short LCP fibrils to high aspect ratio fibrous structures upon the addition of the nanofillers. The silica particles have promoted the shear-induced fibrillation of the LCP phase. The wide angle X-ray diffraction results indicated that high orientation was achieved with rising silica content. The injection moulded samples also showed increased mechanical anisotropy with rising filler content. Consequently, both the in-situ fibrillation of LCP and silica reinforcements imparted good tensile strength and modulus to the composites along the flow direction. Such an improvement was achieved from the basis of increasing the matrix viscosity and raising the Capillary number which is a dimensionless factor governing the fibrillation process. This novel approach opens a new insight to the feasibility of producing in-situ hybrid nanocomposites with synergetic reinforcements. 相似文献
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以含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚砜酮(PPESK)为基体,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为共溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备出不同二氧化硅质量百分含量的PPESK/SiO2杂化材料。利用动态热机械分析仪(DMA)对PPESK/SiO2杂化均质薄膜进行动态力学性能测试和表征。结果表明,杂化材料中SiO2组分含量及扫描频率对PPESK/SiO2杂化材料的动态力学性能及玻璃化转变过程都有一定程度影响。SiO2含量的增加,杂化材料的力学损耗峰温度移向高温区,并且峰值升高;随着扫描频率的增加,杂化材料的损耗因子峰移向高温。同时采用Arrhenius方程计算PPESK/SiO2杂化材料在α转变时分子运动活化能。另外,还考察了SiO2粒子含量对PPESK/SiO2杂化材料的力学性能的影响。 相似文献
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《Composites Science and Technology》2007,67(3-4):380-389
A novel isomeric polyimide/SiO2 hybrid material was successfully prepared through sol–gel technique, and its structure, thermal properties and nano-indenter properties were investigated. First, 3-[(4-phenylethynyl)phthalimide]propyl triethoxysilane (PEIPTES) was successfully synthesized, its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and 13C NMR. The researches on solubility and thermal properties of PEIPTES show that it can be used for modifying nano-SiO2 precursor. Nano-SiO2 precursor was synthesized by tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) through sol–gel technique. Then the PEIPTES solution and the nano-SiO2 precursor were mixed for 6 h to let the PEIPTES molecules react with the nano-SiO2 precursor, and modified nano-SiO2 precursor was obtained. The modified reaction was confirmed by the analyses of FT-IR. At last, isomeric polyimide/SiO2 hybrid material was produced by using isomeric polyimide resin solution and the modified nano-SiO2 precursor after heat treatment process. The structure analysis by SEM indicated that SiO2 particles dispersed in isomeric polyimide matrix homogeneously with nanoscale. Thermogravimetric analyzer, dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer and nano-indenter XP was employed to detect the properties of the materials, the results demonstrated that isomeric polyimide/SiO2 hybrid material has much better thermal properties and nano-indenter properties than those of isomeric polyimide. It is confirmed that PEIPTES acts as a bridge between the SiO2 particles and the isomeric polyimide matrix in the hybrid material, because the ethoxyl of PEIPTES could participate in the hydrolyzation and condensation to form chemical bond with SiO2 particles and its phenylethynyl group could take part in the cross-curing reaction of isomeric polyimide. 相似文献
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以异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷(IPTS)接枝环氧树脂(EP)合成出了一种新型的环氧预聚物(IEP),由IEP通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出了EP/SiO2杂化材料。通过FT-IR、AFM、TG、DMA表征和分析了杂化材料的化学结构、SiO2纳米粒子在EP基体中的分散性和无机纳米粒子的引入对EP树脂热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,原位生成的纳米SiO2粒子在EP基体中的分散性良好,其平均尺度约为50nm;杂化材料的热性能和力学性能相比于纯EP有了很大程度的提高。 相似文献