复杂断块油田特高含水期实现持续稳产的做法

胜利油田临盘采油厂目前开发动用临盘、商河、临南三个油田,区域构造位于渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷惠民凹陷中央隆起带。“九五”末期由于油田相继进入特高含水期,剩余油分布复杂、断块破碎、油水井套损严重、注采完善程度低,造成油田产量连续三年下降。针对严峻的开发形势,进入“十五”以后,通过深化油藏构造、储层、剩余油潜力的研究,强化注采井网的完善。提高了水驱控制程度,增强油田稳产基础,提高采收率。全厂连续三年原油年产量连续稳定在163×104t,取得较好的开发效果和经济效益。     

临10复杂低渗断块改善开发效果技术研究

临盘油田大芦家构造临10断块为典型的复杂低渗断块油藏,调整前注采完善程度低,开发效果差。在精细地质研究的基础上,落实断块油藏构造及储层展布情况,以储层微观研究为基础,开展前期注水研究,以改善注入水水质为保障,通过开展开发技术政策研究,优化部署井网,实施小井距注采调整,改善了开发效果,较大幅度的提高了采收率。     

文明寨极复杂断块油藏精细注采管理的做法

本文介绍了文明寨极复杂断块油藏在经历20年开发进入高含水开发后期，立足深入细化构造研究、精细调整开发层系、建立适应剩余油分布特点的注采系统、配套应用适合性工艺技术、细致开展注采管理，实现了油田高含水开发后期继续保持高速、高效开发。     

临盘油区复杂断块油藏有效的开发治理技术

针对临盘油区地质条件的复杂性和开发调整的困难度,本文阐述了复杂断块油藏开发治理技术的应用,如精细地质研究技术、剩余油研究技术以及改善水驱油效果的注采调整技术等。精细地质研究技术深化了对油藏的认识程度;剩余油研究技术深化认识不同类型油藏剩余油分布规律,明确了注采调整方向;针对不同类型油藏具有的不同潜力,创新注采调整思路,不断优化注采井网,改善了油藏的开发效果。     

细分层系,改善盘12-14复杂断块开发效果

盘12-14断块位于临盘油田西部,层间矛盾突出,产量下降快使该油藏开发效果变差。针对该油藏油层比较多、井网不完善的特点从油藏地质特征认识入手,开展平面、纵向剩余油分布研究,细分层系重新布置井网,完善注采系统,提高采收率,改善开发效果。     

复杂断块油藏中高含水期井网优化配套技术的研究与应用

临13沙二下油藏历经30余年的开发调整,目前已进入中后期开发。因构造复杂,断块破碎,储层非均质性严重,历史上水井大段合注,油井大段合采,致使油层平面、纵向水淹程度不均,剩余油高度分散,挖潜难度加大。加之水井套破、管柱卡等原因,造成注采井网二次不完善,稳产基础不牢。本文针对油藏开发中存在的问题,在重建地质模型的基础上,通过井网优化技术,优化注水产液结构,水驱效果明显改善。     

临盘复杂断块油藏精细构造研究

临盘油区复杂的地质条件加大了认识油藏的难度、延长了认识油藏的过程，同时也蕴藏着提高油藏认识所带来的潜力。在老区开发难度越来越大的情况下，利用不断积累的资料和先进的技术手段，深入研究了油藏的构造，在此基础上进行注采完善，提高了水驱储量控制程度，改善了油田的开发效果。     

三维动态模型法分析剩余油

临盘油田为典型的陆相沉积复杂小断块油藏,历经三十年开发已进入高含水开发期,剩余油分布状况越来越复杂,挖潜难度越来越大。本文从油藏开发实际出发,归纳总结多年的生产实践经验,提出并建立了三维动态法分析剩余油模式,从油藏的“注、驱、采”三方面综合分析剩余油,为挖掘剩余油潜力,提高油藏采收率奠定坚实基础,取得了良好的应用效果。     

马厂中渗复杂油藏高含水期有效挖潜研究

马厂油田构造上位于东濮凹陷中央隆起带的南端,1987年投入开发,经连续20多年的注水开发,油田已进入特高含水开采阶段,主力油层水淹严重,油田含水上升,递减加大,开发形势十分严峻。通过强化地质基础研究,夯实油藏开发基础;通过厚层潜力井网提前注水,适时开展有效提液;强化剩余油分布研究,实施长关井恢复;强化注采管理政策研究,实施脉冲周期注水,改善层内水驱油效果等的主要做法对油田实施有效挖潜,实现了油田原油产量稳步上升。     

商河油田商三区沙二上开发后期井网调整

商三区沙二上为小断块油藏,构造复杂,已进入高含水开发期,产量低,井网控制程度差。通过深入油藏地质综合研究,在搞清构造、储层特征及剩余油分布规律的基础上,进行井网调整,完善注采系统,提高采收率。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997