Fenton-UASB-生物活性炭处理高浓度聚酯废水

采用Fenton-UASB(升流式厌氧污泥床)-生物活性炭对高浓度聚酯废水进行微生物降解处理。首先对高浓度聚酯废水进行预处理,然后对影响UASB启动阶段CODcr(化学需氧量)去除率的重要因素(如p H、碱度、挥发酸浓度以及容积负荷等)进行了分析,并对稳定阶段CODcr去除率和污泥形态进行了考察;最后利用生物活性炭对聚酯废水进行了处理。研究结果表明:聚酯废水经氧化预处理后,其CODcr去除率为30%;上述聚酯废水分别经UASB、生物活性炭反应器处理后,两者的CODcr去除率均为65%。     

UASB处理柠檬酸废水污泥颗粒化的实验研究

以河北一柠檬酸厂产生的柠檬酸废水开展UASB处理实验研究。目的是得到UASB反应器污泥颗粒化的条件,拟用于柠檬酸废水处理工程实施。运行实验结果表明UASB反应器采用低浓度、高水力负荷、间歇进水的运行方式,实现了UASB反应器污泥床快速颗粒化。     

UASB处理柠檬酸废水污泥颗粒化的实验研究

UASB反应器的高效性在于其内形成的颗粒污泥，反应器内污泥颗粒化是大多数UASB反应器启动和运行成功的标志。以河北一柠檬酸厂产生的柠檬酸废水开展UASB处理实验研究。目的是得到UASB反应器污泥颗粒化的条件，拟用于柠檬酸废水处理工程实施。运行实验结果表明：UASB反应器采用低浓度、高水力负荷、间歇进水的运行方式，实现了UASB反应器污泥床快速颗粒化。     

UASB-接触氧化处理高浓度有机废水试验研究

本文主要通过UASB 接触氧化生化处理模型对某化工厂废水的试验研究，探索运用UASB法处理高浓度有机废水的可行性。同时还探讨了废水的CODcr及含盐量对UASB处理效率的影响，以及关键参数的选用。     

UASB工艺处理秸秆乙醇废水的厌氧研究

采用高负荷UASB工艺处理秸秆乙醇废水,分析了UASB有机负荷对CODcr去除率的影响及其进水、出水pH的变化。研究表明,在中温（37±2）℃环境下,UASB有机负荷为8kg／（m^3·d）时,CODcr去除率在80％以上,运行稳定。     

UASB工艺处理可乐废水的厌氧研究

采用UASB工艺处理可乐废水，分析了UASB有机负荷对CODcr去除率影响及其进水、出水pH的变化。研究表明，在中温（37±2）℃环境下，UASB有机负荷4．5kg／（m3·d）时，CODcr去除率在80％以上，运行稳定。     

改良UASB处理酒精废水启动试验研究

为增强抗冲击负荷能力和保证颗粒污泥与废水充分混合,在上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器内三相分离器前增设强制内回流装置,形成改良UASB反应器,利用污水处理站UASB厌氧污泥,处理酒精废水。结果表明,UASB整个启动期为61 d,启动的第40天出现颗粒污泥,UASB启动期间对COD、SS的平均去除率分别为70%、11%,出水pH在6.4～7.8,挥发性脂肪酸的质量浓度降到200 mg.L-1以下,有利于后续单元对废水的处理。     

隔油调节池-UASB-接触氧化工艺处理食品废水

结合食品废水工程实例,介绍了采用隔油+调节池+UASB+接触氧化法工艺处理高浓度食品废水的工艺设计实例。升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)是该污水处理工艺的核心部分,通过三相分离器可以把含有废水、沼气及颗粒污泥的混合液实现气、液、固的分离。运行实践表明,该处理工艺运行稳定,产生剩余污泥量少,处理成本低,且各项指标均可达到《广东省水污染物排放限值》DB44/26-2001第二时段一级排放标准。     

UASB—SBR工艺处理高浓度有机废水

传统生化法已无法满足山梨醇、甘露醇行业高浓度废水处理要求,实践中采用上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)和序批式反应器(SBR)设备,模拟厌氧-好氧生物法处理工艺取得了良好的效果,结果表明:吨水处理成本为0.85元时,废水SS、CODcr及BOD5的去除率即分别达到62.0%、94.5%和97.5%.     

酿酒废水处理工程的设计与运行

酒糟废水中的CODcr、BOD5和SS浓度很高，采用二级厌氧UASB和好氧SBR的工艺组合，使高浓度有机废水中污染物的去除率大大提高。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。