改性阻燃型聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂制备

利用三聚氰胺对聚醚多元醇进行接枝改性,成功制备了改性聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂,以解决目前聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂阻燃性能不稳定问题。探索了改性三聚氰胺加入量和异氰酸根与羟基比例对聚氨酯泡沫阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,聚醚多元醇中改性三聚氰胺加入量为4%,异氰酸根与羟基摩尔比例为4.3,得到的改性聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂氧指数为29.8,拉伸粘结强度为285k Pa,阻燃性能高于现有阻燃型聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂。     

单组分聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂的阻燃性能研究

为得到阻燃性能优良、物理机械性能优异的单组分聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂,系统地研究了混合聚醚、阻燃剂对单组分聚氨酯填缝剂阻燃性能、物理机械性能的影响。优选出了最佳组合,在混合聚醚占配方30%,阻燃聚醚多元醇R2310占配方15%～18%,聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D占配方9%～15%时,TCPP添加量5～15%,氰尿酸三聚氰胺添加量5%～10%的范围内,可制得阻燃性能优良、物理机械性能优异的单组分聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂。     

330E聚醚多元醇中环氧乙烷对其性能的影响

在生产通用聚醚多元醇时，通过加入环氧乙烷来提高聚醚多元醇的反应活性，与此同时研究了环氧乙烷的加入对发泡时泡沫体物性的影响。     

高相对分子质量聚醚的研制

以丙二醇为起始剂,在氢氧化钾和双金属催化剂的催化下,用环氧乙烷封端合成了一种高相对分子质量高活性聚醚多元醇。考察了环氧化物进料速率、聚合反应温度、催化剂加入量、环氧乙烷用量等对聚醚多元醇及所制聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响,结果表明,环氧化物进料速率、聚合反应温度、催化剂加入量、w(环氧乙烷)分别为550g/h、(130±5)℃、30mg/kg、15%时为较佳合成条件。     

新型单官能度高分子量聚醚多元醇的研究

介绍了一种丙烯醇聚醚多元醇的合成方法。采用了丙烯醇作为起始剂、环氧丙烷作为聚合单体、氢氧化钾和双金属催化剂作为双催化剂,采用二次聚合方式,通过选择适合的聚合反应条件,从而制得一种性能优异的新型单官能度高分子量丙烯醇聚醚多元醇。并对其反应条件及使用性能进行了研究。     

直接酸化法生产不饱和聚醚多元醇通过鉴定

不饱和聚醚多元醇一般是采用环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷开环聚合,再经丙烯醇封端而成的特种聚醚。广泛用于织物柔软剂、织物抗静电剂和聚氨酯泡沫稳定剂等。江西省永修精细化工厂与有关科研单位合作,在掌握原有生产工艺的基础上,大胆改革生产工艺,采用国内尚属空白的直接酸化法进行     

国内聚醚多元醇的生产现状及技术进展

<正> 聚醚多元醇又称聚氧化烯烃多元醇,它是用含活泼氢基团的化合物作起始剂,在催化剂存在下使单环氧化合物开环聚合制得。聚醚多元醇产量最大的是以甘油作起始剂和环氧化物反应,通过改变环氧丙烷(PO)和环氧乙烷(EO)的加料方式、加料比和加料次序等条件制得的各种通用型聚醚多元醇。聚醚多元醇的工业应用如图1所示。在聚氨酯(PU)工业所用的多元醇中,聚醚多元醇     

接枝聚醚型软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的研究

一、前言接枝聚合的最大特点是能够按照人们的意愿对聚合物引入一些具有特殊性能而不改变材料其他性质。这一方法在五十年代末,六十年代初得到迅速发展,广泛地用于聚合物改性。接枝聚醚型多元醇是指乙烯基单体与聚醚多元醇接枝聚合,形成稳定的接枝聚合物分散体。它是合成聚氨酯的一种新型原料。在最近十年中,国外接枝聚醚多元醇已广泛用于聚氨酯工业,用其生产出性能特殊的聚氨酯产品,例如:高负荷软质泡沫、高回弹软质泡沫、半硬质泡沫等。本文以两种方法合成的接枝聚醚多元醇,是以苯乙烯(st)和丙烯腈(AN)为乙烯基单体与三羟基聚醚进行接枝反应形成稳定的粘度适当的胶状分散体,用此接枝聚     

一种改性MDI用聚醚多元醇的合成及应用研究

采用不同官能度的醇类化合物为起始剂,氢氧化钾(KOH)为催化剂,通过低挥发性有机物(VOC)聚合工艺,与环氧丙烷(PO)、环氧乙烷(EO)进行开环加成反应,合成了羟值约为24mgKOH/g的低VOC聚醚多元醇JQN-6034D。该聚醚多元醇与异氰酸酯MDI-100、MDI-50、PM-200反应合成了高回弹泡沫用改性MDI,用其制备的高回弹聚氨酯泡沫具有气味小、密度低(37 kg/m3左右)、开孔性良好以及物理性能优良的特点。     

阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇的合成及其阻燃性能的研究

采用高活性聚醚多元醇作为基础聚醚,将几种含氮化合物分散或接枝到高活性聚醚多元醇结构中,生成含有聚合物微粒分散体的接枝型阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇.重点对阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇合成的条件、原料最佳配比以及在聚氨酯泡沫中的阻燃性能进行了研究.结果表明,此种方法合成的阻燃聚合物聚醚多元醇具有颗粒分布均匀、粘度低、物料流动性好等优点,...     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。