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试油气技术是分公司主体技术之一,压后排液是试油气工艺技术重要组成部分。随着大庆油田深井勘探开发的深入展开,天然气井压后排液技术应用越来越多,为了经济有效地进行分离天然气、压裂液及油层水等工艺作业,准确测量日产气量,正确选择分离器的结构型式是非常重要的。当前常规压后排液工艺中常用到的分离器是重力式分离器,其作用原理是根据多种流体的物理性质不同,利用重力等来分离液体。由于气体和液体具有不同的密度,重力使得气体首先被分离到分离器顶部,较重的液体沉降到分离器的底部,较轻的液体上升到分离器的中部,然后再通过破乳等手段进行进一步分离。常规重力沉降式分离器处理液量大,但普遍比较笨重,且分离效果不完全,进入测气管线的气体携带部分液体,对测量天然气气产量造成一定影响,可以通过多种手段降低流体混合物进入分离器时的紊流状态,提高气液分离速度,改进高性能内件,最终缩小分离器体积并提高分离效果。本文仅就天然气井的压后排液中多相分离器的应用及改进作初步讨论。 相似文献
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利用多杯等流型分离器来提高油水分离效果的技术在其实际应用过程中,取得了一定的成果,在对其大量的研究过程中,我们发现分离器内部填充物料的类型会对其油水分离效果产生一定的影响。为了研究其影响程度,我们采用理论分析和室内实验相结合的方法,对沉降杯中所能添加的15种滤料,在不同含水率的油水混合液下进行了油水分离实验,并分析了产液量、分离器进液量、滤料直径等对油水分离效率的影响,为多杯等流型分离器的油水分离效果提供重要的实验依据。 相似文献
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针对海上平台的发展趋势,所开采出的为油气混合液需要分离处理。因海上平台自身的特点,提出了海上平台主要以立式分离器为主来进行气液分离。而立式分离器其本身的分离效能对海上平台的应用至关重要。因此采用CFD模型(计算流体力学)方法对油气两相分离过程中的两相流场进行了数值模拟分析,模拟结果表明,所采用的数学模型和数学模拟计算方法正确。通过分析,可以预测并反映混合液变量中,流体的不同速度,粘度对气液两相分离的分离效能产生的规律及影响,并更加系统深入地探讨了立式分离器内气液两相的流动及特,从而预测了提高立式分离器气液分离的分离效能的影响因素,数值模拟计算结果可为海上平台的气液分离提供一定的理论指导。 相似文献
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针对常规气液分离器对微小液滴分离效率低的不足,提出一种可用于MVR蒸发系统的气液分离器结构,并采用数值模拟结合实验验证的方法对其分离特性进行研究。首先,利用数值模拟的方法分析了气液分离器内部流场和压力场,确定了影响分离效果最明显的位置,然后提出了在该位置加装不同数量3/4圆环形挡板的分离器结构。其次,模拟研究了此种新结构的分离效率和压降等分离特性以及挡板数量变化的影响规律。最后,通过实验验证的方法分析了数值模拟结果的可靠性和新结构的分离效果。研究结果表明:圆柱型筒体是影响分离器分离特性的关键部位,在气液分离器圆柱形筒体内部增加3/4环形挡板,能够增加物料切向运动的有效长度,降低物料的径向速度,从而显著提高微小液滴的分离效率,气液分离器整体压降却增加不多;而且随着环形挡板数量的增加,该结构气液分离器的分离效率和压降均明显提高。在本文计算条件下,加装3/4圆环形挡板的气液分离器结构,可以将直径在3 μm以下的液滴分离效率提高15%,而压降仅增加了200Pa。综合气液分离器效率和压降影响,加装两个3/4圆环形挡板的气液分离器性能最佳。 相似文献
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单双级重力式气液分离器结构优化及分离性能仿真 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《化工机械》2017,(3):322-327
为解决含气率达到80%的井况下,单级气液分离器无法将气体全部有效分离的问题,创新使用了双级气液分离器,减少了油井含气量,提高了采油效率。通过Fluent软件对单双级气液分离器的分离效率进行数值模拟,优化双级气液分离器结构,得到分离效果更好、更适应实际井况的结构参数。 相似文献
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Experiments were carried out to find the effects of dissolved gas pressure,liquid flow rateand nozzle geometry on the bubble generation when saturated water was depressurized through anozzle.A new method,high speed camera system was developed to measure the generated microbubblesdynamically.On the basis of the laws of ideal gas and solution,theoretical generated gas flow ratewas deduced,while the Smoluchowski′s equation was applied to describe the kinetics of bubblenucleation.It was found that the size distribution of nucleated bubbles was of skewed distribution.An explanation to this phenomenon was made and the Gamma function distribution was employedfor mathematical simulation.The results show good agreement between the experimental data and thepredictions by proposed model. 相似文献
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Regimes of bubble formation on a submerged orifice under constant flow conditions were investigated experimentally. The effects of orifice diameter, surface characteristics (contact angle and roughness) and surface tension on the regimes of bubble formation were studied for a wide range of gas flow rates. In particular, the transitions of period‐1 to period‐2 bubbling regime, with pairing or with coalescence at the orifice, and period‐2 to chaotic bubbling were investigated in detail. An attempt is made to provide a generalized bubble formation regime map constructed using appropriate dimensionless numbers. The physical understanding of various bubbling regimes and the experimental data on the effects of various system parameters are expected to contribute to the development and validation of analytical and CFD models 相似文献
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微液层蒸发是沸腾过程中重要的换热机理。本文旨在通过单个气泡池沸腾实验中测得的气泡动态参数探究孤立气泡生长过程中加热表面的换热机理。首先通过沸腾池和加热表面的严格设计实现了单个气泡沸腾。进一步通过对孤立气泡生长时序图像的处理,得到了气泡在一个生长周期内气泡直径、纵横比以及气泡根部基圆半径的变化。对比发现,气泡生长速率与气泡根部基圆半径随时间的变化呈现显著正相关,而与大液层区域的变化相关程度较低,这表明微液层蒸发直接影响气泡体积变化,在孤立气泡沸腾过程中起主导作用。在此基础上进一步建立了加热表面换热过程的数值模型,基于实验中测得的气泡动态参数对气泡底层的微液层厚度进行了预测;通过多次迭代计算并匹配气泡生长速率和加热棒的温度发现,当表面过热度为4.82 K时,气泡底层微液层厚度约为3.43 μm,与相关文献中的微液层厚度测量值基本一致,进一步证实了微液层蒸发在孤立气泡沸腾换热过程中的重要性。本研究揭示了孤立气泡池沸腾过程中近壁面处的换热机制,为进一步的孤立气泡沸腾传热过程数值模拟奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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The effects of liquid velocity, nozzle diameter, gas chamber volume and gas flow rate on volumes, shapes and growth curves of bubbles formed at a nozzle submerged in a cocurrently upward flowing liquid in a bubble column were experimentally investigated. The bubble volume decreases with increasing liquid flow velocity. The effect of liquid flow velocity on the volume of bubble increases with an increase in the gas flow rate. To simulate bubble formation at a nozzle submerged in cocurrently upward flowing liquid, a revised non-spherical bubble formation model was proposed. Bubble volumes, bubble growth curves and shapes experimentally obtained in this study, as well as in previous experimental studies, are well predicted by the present model. 相似文献
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The transition stage (self‐accelerating necking process) generally takes place before a bubble collapses. However, the mechanism is still not well understood. In this article, seven existing experiments dealing with bubble formation on the orifice of a submerged vertical nozzle are examined by solving the Young–Laplace equation. Multiple solution modes are found. Bubble in solution mode 2 has a neck and thus taller than mode 1 at the same volume. The present numerical result along with an experiment from Longuet‐Higgins et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 230, 365–390 (1991)] evidences an isometric transition from solution modes 1 to 2. This might account for the self‐accelerating necking process before a bubble collapses. Surprisingly, all of the seven existing experiments agree excellently with the bubble shapes from the Young–Laplace equation without the dynamic effect even when the bubble growth rate in the experiment is 2.25 times as large as the critical value. The gas flow rate (the dynamic effect) seems to play a role only after the transition stage. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering 相似文献
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A simple equation is derived for the time dependence of the bubble radius for the diffusion-induced slow growth or dissolution of a spherical gas bubble in a viscoelastic fluid of infinite extent. The constitutive equation for a first-order fluid and a surface–volume perturbation scheme are used to develop the solution, and the effect of viscosity level and elasticity on the bubble dynamics is considered. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:2093–2103, 1998 相似文献