隧道健康动态评价模型与应用

在隧道健康安全评价的指标体系及其等级标准的基础上,通过规范化处理样本资料库中的元素,消除了指标类型和量纲的影响后,提出用集对分析方法构造可变模糊集的相对差异度函数,合理的确定了各层相关隧道健康评价指标处于级别标准区间的相对隶属函数,采用乘积标度法确定相关指标权重后,得出了隧道健康模糊综合评价动态模型.确定健康级别指标特征值后,结合实例计算证明了文中所提方法的科学性与合理性,有利于推动可变模糊集理论在土木工程领域的进一步发展.     

Nutritional assessment for children who are HIV-infected

Pathophysiologic, psychosocial, and economic considerations are important in nutritional assessment of infants and children who are HIV-infected. Nutritional assessment guidelines vary based on the child's circumstances. Specific assessment guidelines are proposed for (a) ongoing ambulatory care; (b) when growth decelerates or its below the fifth percentile; (c) acute illness; and (d) home and community care. The guidelines are based on data collected from a sample of 16 children who were HIV-infected and their families during a pilot study of transitional nursing care using advanced practice nurses. The guidelines were inductively derived from patient care records and from a review of the literature.     

Nutritional assessment of folate and cyanocobalamin status in a Spanish elderly group

The mammalian tachykinins, neurokinin A (NKA) and NKA(4-10), along with the tachykinin NK2 receptor-selective antagonist MEN 10,376, were compared to their C-terminal free acid derivatives, NKA-OH, NKA(4-10)-OH and MEN 10,456, respectively, on several in vitro bioassays for NK1, NK2 and NK3 tachykinin receptors. NKA-OH and NKA(4-10)-OH were much weaker agonists than NKA or NKA(4-10) in the endothelium-deprived rabbit pulmonary artery (endowed with NK2A receptors) and in the guinea pig isolated bronchus (endowed with NK2A and NK1 receptors), where they produced submaximal contractile responses, and were inactive in the hamster isolated trachea (endowed with NK2B receptors) and in the rat isolated portal vein (endowed with NK3 receptors). At NK1 receptors of the guinea pig isolated ileum, NKA-OH produced weak agonist responses, whereas NKA(4-10)-OH was ineffective. In sharp contrast, MEN 10,456, while maintaining the same antagonist potency of the parent compound MEN 10,376 in the rabbit pulmonary artery and hamster isolated trachea, developed a clear-cut agonist character in the rat isolated portal vein, guinea pig isolated ileum and guinea pig isolated bronchus. The agonist responses produced by MEN 10,456 (10 microM) were reduced by MEN 10,376 in the guinea pig isolated bronchus and by the NK1 receptor antagonist GR 82,334 in the guinea pig isolated ileum. These results, although indicating the importance of C-terminal amidation for the agonist activity of natural tachykinins, suggest that the C-terminal amide group may not be directly involved in stimulation of the tachykinin receptors, but could induce agonist activity through a conformation effect.     

铅析法及其应用

本文扼要介绍了国内不常见的铅析法的基本概念、过程、特点,并介绍了粗铜、阳极泥、冰铜三种试样的湿法预处理及与铅析法相结合的流程。     

数据挖掘技术及其应用

数据挖掘技术是一门综合多个学科的从数据中寻找规律的技术,该技术已经成功地应用于金融分析、市场分析、客户关系管理等多个行业。本文主要介绍数据挖掘技术的一些基本概念及其应用情况。     

双层热风熔炼炉及其应用

双层热风熔炼炉能处理各种复杂的含金银多金属矿料，可综合回收矿料中的铜、铅、金、银等。既可做到综合利用矿产资源，又能减少环境污染。     

反渗透水处理工艺及其应用

本文介绍了反渗透水处理原理及优点 ,并对该工艺技术在包钢二炼钢中央水处理站的应用进行了分析 ,就应用中可能存在的问题进行了小型模拟试验 ,通过试验证明了反渗透水处理工艺能够满足包钢二炼钢用水的技术要求     

X射线荧光分选机及其应用

介绍了X射线分选技术及X射线荧光分选机的工作原理、结构组成和功能特点,以及预选工艺流程,对灵宝金源矿业股份有限公司金矿石、陕西某铅锌矿石、福建某钼矿石进行了预选试验,并获得了较好试验指标.X射线荧光分选机具有智能分析、自动分选、适应性强、操作简单等特点,是进行矿石预选的有效手段,应用前景良好.     

浆体流变仪及其应用

浆体流交仪是笔者数年前研制的一种用来测定高浓度浆体流变参数的仪器。经很多单位的使用，均取得了满意的效果。本文就仪器原理、结构、性能及使用情况予以介绍．     

大气扩散模式及其应用

在进行环境质量评价时,一般都用大气扩散模式进行预测,本文分析了影响大气扩散的气象因子,讨论了高斯模式在其基本条件发生变化时的修正方法并在实际工作中进行应用。     

Nutritional assessment of children on haemodialysis: value of IGF-I, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta

BACKGROUND: Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has proved to be a sensitive marker of malnutrition, while interleukin-1 (IL-1beta) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) have been found to be raised in catabolic states. METHODS: We have investigated the nutritional status of 17 chronic renal failure (CRF) paediatric patients (8 boys, 9 girls) on maintenance HD. Eight predialysis CRF children (5 boys and 3 girls; mean creatinine 5.1+/-3.2 mg/dl) and 10 healthy children served as control groups. PEM was defined according to anthropometric measurements (triceps skinfold thickness (TST), mid-arm circumference (MAC), and mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC)). These were correlated with serum IGF-I, IL-1, TNF-alpha, transferrin, and albumin (all sampled before the HD session). RESULTS: In the HD group, TST was reduced in 41.2% of the patients, whereas MAC and MAMC were reduced in 82.4 and 76.5% respectively. TST was depleted in only one of the predialysis CRF children. The degree of reduction in MAC and MAMC were 62.5 and 62.5% respectively. Median serum IGF-I level was decreased in both HD and predialysis CRF patients (205.1 interquartile range (IQR) 194.4 microg/l and 258.8 IQR 155.0 microg/l respectively) compared to the healthy children (418.0 IQR 310.5 microg/l) (P=0.0009 and P=0.01 respectively). Within the HD group, IGF-I levels were lower in patients with malnutrition defined according to TST (145.0 IQR 125.5 microg/l) compared to children with normal TST (301.2 IQR 218.8 microg/l) (P=0.05). IGF-I levels of the HD patients with malnutrition according to TST was also lower than the predialysis CRF patients and healthy children (P=0.04 and P=0.002 respectively). Serum IL-1beta was undetectable in all groups. Median serum TNF-alpha levels were higher in HD and predialysis CRF patients compared to healthy children, albeit statistically insignificant. There was no correlation between TNF-alpha, transferrin or albumin and anthropometric parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the high prevalence of malnutrition in CRF children, which becomes more pronounced when treatment by HD is initiated. We suggest that determination of IGF-I levels in childhood HD patients in conjunction with anthropometric measurements is useful for identification of malnutrition. We have not been able to demonstrate the catabolic effects of cytokines on this state of protein energy malnutrition.     

ICP-AES分析技术的发展及其在冶金分析中的应用

评述了近 2 0年来ICP AES分析技术的发展及其在冶金分析中的应用。内容包括 :ICP AES的发展历程、ICP AES分析方法的特性、ICP AES仪器的发展、在冶金分析中的应用现状、发展趋势。文中引用文献 6 2篇。     

涂层压入仪的研制及其应用

报道了涂层压入仪的研制背景、结构原理、主要技术特性及其应用举例,该仪器具有连续加载卸载功能并配有声发射和光学系统,能测量并记录连续的载荷与压入深度关系曲线,能用声发射系统对测试过程中涂层试样的开裂和剥落进行动态监测,并确定对应的载荷,用涂层压入仪作界面压入测得厚涂层与基体界面开裂的临界载荷pw可反映涂层的结合强度;也可正面压入考察薄膜与基体的结合,区分薄膜开裂和剥落并精确测定其对应的载荷值,用加载过程中发生初始剥落的载荷表征膜的结合强度,涂层压入仪还可用于膜韧性、膜和膜,基断裂韧性、离子氮化层脆性等的评价,测定块体材料硬度、塑性功、弹性功、弹塑性比等性能指标。     

Nutritional assessment, intervention, and evaluation of weight loss in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

All animals that are exposed to predators must distinguish dangerous from nondangerous threats and respond correctly. In reptiles, emerging hatchlings are vulnerable to a wide range of predators, particularly if they emerge during daylight. In these experiments I tested the response of pine snake, Pituophis melanoleucus, hatchlings incubated at 22-23, 27-28, or 32-33 degreesC to visual and vibratory stimuli to examine antipredator behaviour. Emerging hatchlings were exposed to one of five conditions: (1) hawk model, (2) white head model with no facial features, (3) white head model with black eyes, (4) a person, or (5) a vibration without a visual stimulus. I tested the null hypotheses of no differences in response as a function of predator type or incubation temperature. Emergence behaviour when undisturbed was affected by incubating temperature, and antipredatory behaviour was affected by both predator type and incubation temperature. Pine snake hatchlings responded more protectively (withdrawal into tunnels) than defensively (striking), responded with less intensity to a vibration compared with visual predator stimuli, and required longer to respond to a head model without eyes than to all other predator types. Given the relatively small size of hatchlings, it is adaptive for them to withdraw into the nest rather than attack a predator. Hatchlings from eggs that were incubated at medium temperatures required less time to emerge from their underground nests when undisturbed, and had stronger protective responses than snakes incubated at other temperatures. These results suggest that hatchlings incubated at medium temperatures are generally less vulnerable to predators than hatchlings incubated at higher or lower temperatures. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.     

智能马达控制系统及其应用

阐述智能马达控制中心（以下简称Smart MCC）的组成、基本单元、功能、软件设计等，并以工程实例说明应用后取得了满意的效果。     

Multidimensional counter-current chromatographic system and its application

A multidimensional counter-current chromatographic system was set up for the first time with two sets of high-speed counter-current chromatography instruments. This system was successfully applied to the preparative separation of isorhamnetin, kaempferol and quercetin from crude flavone aglycones of Ginkgo biloba L. and Hippophae rhamnoides L. with a two-phase solvent system composed of chloroform-methanol-water (4:3:2, v/v/v).     

The dumping valve and its clinical application

An open reservoir for the collection and evacuation of anaesthetic gases permits leakage to room air. The use of a closed reservior for the removal of overspill gas from anaesthetic circuits is described. Calibrated gas evacuation is carried out through an ejector flowmeter from the anesthetic circuit or from a closed reservoir, where the gas is collected via a relief valve. In order to eliminate the risk of high or low pressure in the reservoir employed, a relief valve and a dumping valve is included in the system.     

无需辨识的PSD自适应控制器及其应用

对Ｍａｒｓｉｋ、Ｓｔｒｅｊｃ等人的无需辨识自适应控制器给出了算法中增益ｇ（ｋ）和时间常数Ｔ＿ｖ（ｋ）初始值的选择方法，针对算法的不足，提出了两种改进算法，并应用于力学持久机电加热炉的控温上，得到了满意的结果。     

关于生存分析中的统计方法及其应用

设计了4组实验,通过对老鼠注射某种药物,观测老鼠的生存时间,收集科学数据,然后利用对数(log-rank)检验理论,对观测到的数据进行生存分析,最终确定药物的疗效.