基于Qt框架的APV25数据采集系统研究

Qt框架是基于C++的跨平台可视化编程框架。本文采用APV25电子学前端卡、APVDS电子学数字化后端板和基于Qt框架的数据采集软件,开发了具有高通道数、高性能和高集成度的数据采集系统。该系统可跨平台使用并显示实时采样波形。数据采集系统最多可使用16块APV25前端卡、4个APVDS,通过千兆以太网经交换机与计算机连接。通过测试,该系统可在1 024通道下工作并实时显示采样波形,传输速率可达715 Mb/s,且测试中系统能以1.70 kHz的触发率在单次触发连续采样31个点模式下稳定工作。与原系统相比,显著提高了通道数量,简化了系统操作,提高了测量的效率与稳定性。采集系统未来可扩展通道数量为2 048,适用于大面积微结构气体探测器实验。     

微结构气体探测器多通道高速读出系统研制

本文设计并实测了用于多通道微结构气体探测器信号读出的512通道电子学系统。该系统以Spartan-6 FPGA作为控制和数据处理核心,使用4通道ADC芯片对4片APV25芯片的输出信号进行同步模数转换,经千兆以太网发送命令和传输数据,计算机端则以双线程分别接收和发送数据。实测输入电容低于200 pF时,系统噪声低于2000e,有效电荷输入范围为±20 fC,12 fC以下时线性良好。经长时间测试,系统稳定可靠,千兆网数据传输速率可达940 Mb/s。单片APV25工作时,连续触发率可达APV25上限285 kHz,4片时则为134 kHz。在实际应用于GEM探测器α射线成像实验中取得了较好的成像结果。     

基于USB和FPGA的多功能数据采集系统

设计并实现了一种基于USB接口的多功能数据采集系统。该系统支持4路模拟信号输入,通过高速ADC进行采样,数字化后的数据由FPGA进行处理,可实现波形采样、脉冲计数、多道脉冲幅度分析、电荷分配法信号读出等功能。下位机硬件和PC通过USB接口通信,上位机软件采用Labview编写,负责初始化硬件以及参数配置,读取采集数据并进行数据在线处理以及结果的实时显示。     

GEM探测器读出电子学ADC采样系统设计

本文简要介绍了GEM探测器读出电子学ADC采样系统设计与测试。该系统包括模数变换模块、数据汇总模块和后端数据接收模块三部分。本文详细介绍了模数变换模块硬件电路设计、FPGA逻辑设计、光纤数据传输设计以及ADC采样芯片的测试方法。经过测试,该系统实现了8通道数据实时采集、传输、存储及显示功能。     

基于FPGA和LabVIEW的多通道数据采集系统设计

设计了一套基于FPGA和LabVIEW 2014八通道数据采集系统。该系统具有用户登录、多通道数据同时采集、实时显示、报警记录等各项功能。经验证,整套系统运行简单方便,可以满足工业现场使用,各通道数据采集吞吐速率可达200 k SPS(×103次/S),在-5～+5 V电压输入范围间测量精度高达0.5 m V以内,而且功能便于扩展。该系统可以应用于近代物理研究所加速器运行的温、湿度采集现场。     

4π BaF2装置的触发系统研究

设计了一套γ全吸收型BaF₂探测装置,用于中子辐射俘获反应截面的在线测量,其中信号测量部分采用了基于高速采集卡的数字化脉冲波形采集技术。并设计了一套触发系统,由触发单元产生的信号作为数据获取系统的外触发控制数据采集,以在数据测量过程中剔除绝大多数本底事件。触发系统采用了符合测量技术,通过多通道、多参数之间的符合测量,实现释放瞬发级联γ射线的中子俘获反应事件的判选和本底的剔除。本文对触发系统的电路设计和实验测试进行了阐述。     

基于Qt的TMSR熔盐泵试验台架控制系统

针对钍基熔盐堆（Thorium Molten Salt Reactor,TMSR）熔盐泵试验台架实时性、跨平台性等要求,由基于C++的Qt图形化界面开发框架开发试验台架控制系统。通过Blender绘制的熔盐泵试验台架3D模型图加载到Qt,控制系统与实验物理与工业控制系统（Experiment Physics and Industrial Control System,EPICS）连接,实现对3D模型的显示、旋转、缩放,控制系统设备并实时显示系统数据。通过测试,TMSR熔盐泵试验台架控制系统表现出良好的稳定性与灵活性,为熔盐泵成功应用到熔盐堆中奠定基础。     

基于FPGA的8通道脉冲波形分析器的研制

设计了一个8通道的脉冲波形分析器。此系统以双现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)为核心,板载大容量同步双端口随机存取存储器(Random-Access Memory,RAM),并行8通道96 MHz高速采样模数转换器(Analog-to-Digital Converter,ADC),能够同时对8路脉冲波形进行采样分析,得到脉冲时间间隔谱、脉冲幅度谱和脉冲宽度谱。该设备ADC以10.4 ns的采样间隔采集脉冲数据,通过通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus,USB)2.0与电脑实现数据上传,并借助上位机进行数据的实时显示。该设备已成功运用于硬X射线调制望远镜(Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope,HXMT)卫星高能主探测器的电性测试,并能够广泛适用于核辐射研究领域。     

10 cm×10 cm Bulk Micromegas探测器的研制

Bulk Micromegas探测器是一种新型微结构气体探测器。利用光蚀刻技术制作了有效面积为10 cm×10 cm的多通道Bulk Micromegas探测器。对探测器的各通道进行了电容测试,显示探测器具有较好的均匀性。在Ar+10%CO_2气体中,使用~(55)Fe放射源和自主研制的基于APV25前端卡的数字化电子学,对制作的有效面积为10 cm×10 cm的探测器进行了测试,其结果显示探测器性能良好,能得到清晰的二维事件分布图。该探测器目前全部工艺国产化,并能进行批量生产,成品率接近100%。     

面向暗物质直接探测的原型液氩探测器读出电子学系统设计

针对面向暗物质直接探测的t级原型液氩探测器的信号读出需求,本文设计了1套基于高速、高精度波形数字化技术及PXI Express高速仪器总线技术的读出电子学系统。该系统采用多个波形数字化模块和1个全局触发模块,实现单机箱40路光电倍增管信号的同步采集。系统具有很好的灵活性和可扩展性,通过将多个机箱的触发模块级联可进一步将系统规模扩展至数百通道。该系统研制完成后,配合1个10 kg级的小型液氩探测器开展了单光电子标定和放射源联调测试。通过放射源测试,获得了高质量的液氩探测器闪烁光信号波形。利用脉冲形状甄别算法,可清晰区分核反冲事例和γ事例,初步结果表明,在80~240 pe(光电子)信号幅度范围内的17万个事例中,没有电子反冲信号被误判为中子信号,验证了读出电子学技术路线和设计方案的可行性。     

Design of FPGA based high-speed data acquisition and real-time data processing system on J-TEXT tokamak

Tokamak experiment requires high-speed data acquisition and processing systems. In traditional data acquisition system, the sampling rate, channel numbers and processing speed are limited by bus throughput and CPU speed. This paper presents a data acquisition and processing system based on FPGA. The data can be processed in real-time before it is passed to the CPU. It provides processing ability for more channels with higher sampling rates than the traditional data acquisition system while ensuring deterministic real-time performance. A working prototype is developed for the newly built polarimeter–interferometer diagnostic system on the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak (J-TEXT). It provides 16 channels with 120 MHz maximum sampling rate and 16 bit resolution. The onboard FPGA is able to calculate the plasma electron density and Faraday rotation angel. A RAID 5 storage device is adopted providing 700 MB/s read–write speed to buffer the data to the hard disk continuously for better performance.     

基于APV25多通道读出电子学系统设计

介绍了基于APV25芯片的多通道读出电子学系统的设计方法,利用ASIC芯片与可扩展读出系统相结合,实现多通道信号的处理。在该系统中,基于PXI机箱的单个读出板可实现2 048路信号的读出及处理,并具有集成度高、低功耗、可扩展等优点。电子学测试结果表明,本系统电荷输入线性动态范围为0~12 fC,APV25等效输入噪声408 e,可适应大型物理实验微结构气体探测器、硅像素探测器等探测器的读出需求。     

MINUS3 - A General Purpose Data Acquisition System at LBL's 88"-Cyclotron and Superhilac

MINUS3 is a general, multi-tasked data acquisition package operating on the ModComp IV/25 computers at both the 88"-Cyclotron and SuperHILAC. It currently can acquire data via three different channels: interrupt; serial DMA link; and remote slave units for histogram type data. Two additional acquisition paths, CAMAC (with programmable differential branch drivers) and MODACS (for multiple CPU linkages and control) are scheduled to be added in the near future. The package operates in a prioritized, time-available mode which permits it to dynamically adapt to microscopic data rate structures due to beam characteristics at different accelerators. Special hardware has been added to the graphics system to provide enhanced high-speed interactive capability. The program framework is also designed as a parasitic environment in which users may, in parallel, attach their own specialized and independent code.     

高计数率气体探测器读出电子学原型机研制

研制一套可用于高计数率气体探测器的读出电子学原型机系统,包括前端板、数据采集板和上位机。前端板采用一款先进的前端读出专用集成电路(ASIC)芯片实现对探测器信号的测量和模数转换;数据采集板利用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）实现对数据的分析、处理和传输;上位机实现控制指令发送、PC端数据接收及存储等。在22~99 fC的输入范围内,原型机各通道积分非线性均好于024%;联合探测器使用55Fe放射源测试,结果好于相同条件下的商用电子学。可满足20 kHz计数率下GEM TPC探测器的读出需求。     

基于DRS4波形数字化的高速数据采集系统设计

针对一些粒子物理实验中高采样率、多参数测量以及长距离传输等要求,设计了一套基于DRS4波形数字化的高速数据采集系统。该系统由波形数字化前端板、高速数据传输板和上位机软件组成。测试结果表明,该数据采集系统具有较高的数据传输速率和较低的误码率,采集到的数据能很好地重建和还原输入信号波形。该数据采集系统具有一定的通用性,适用于对采样率和传输距离有较高要求的粒子物理实验。     

Development and Integration of a Data Acquisition System for SST-1 Phase-1 Plasma Diagnostics

Long pulse(of the order of 1000 s or more) SST-1 tokamak experiments demand a data acquisition system that is capable of acquiring data from various diagnostics channels without losing useful data(and hence physics information) while avoiding unnecessary generation of a large volume data.SST-1 Phase-1 tokamak operation has been envisaged with data acquisition of several essential diagnostics channels.These channels demand data acquisition at a sampling rate ranging from 1 kilo samples per second(KSPS) to 1 mega samples per second(MSPS).Considering the technical characteristics and requirements of the diagnostics,a data acquisition system based on PXI and CAMAC has been developed for SST-1 plasma diagnostics.Both these data acquisition systems are scalable.Present data acquisition needs involving slow plasma diagnostics are catered by the PXI based data acquisition system.On the other hand,CAMAC data acquisition hardware meets all requirements of the SST-1 Phase-1 fast plasma diagnostics channels.A graphical user interface for both data acquisition systems(PXI and CAMAC) has been developed using LabVIEW application development software.The collected data on the local hard disk are directly streaming to the central server through a dedicated network for post-shot data analysis.This paper describes the development and integration of the data acquisition system for SST-1 Phase-1 plasma diagnostics.The integrated testing of the developed data acquisition system has been performed using SST-1 central control and diagnostics signal conditioning units.In the absence of plasma shots,the integrated testing of the data acquisition system for the initial diagnostics of SST-1 Phase-1 operation has been performed with simulated physical signals.The primary engineering objective of this integrated testing is to validate the performance of the developed data acquisition system under simulated conditions close to that of actual tokamak operation.The data acquisition is synchronized with a clock and trigger provided by the central timing system.     

基于CAMAC总线的交替式数据采集及实时监控系统研究

进行了一种称为交替式数据采集及实时监控系统的研究。该系统不仅能实现以较高频率进行任意时间的数据采集,还能在放电过程中以图形方式实时显示等离子体的各种参数供实验人员在线分析及控制。     

Alternate Data Acquisition and Real-time Monitoring System on HT-7 Tokamak

1 Introduction There are many tokamak devices over the world. Be- cause the tokamak device is based on the principle of a transformer, almost all tokamaks are pulse-operated and most of their discharge duration is within one or two minutes. A conventional data acquisition and anal- ysis system would be good enough for such devices. However, recent lower hybrid current-drive (LHCD) ex- periments such as those on the HT-7 and Tore Supra have generated discharges lasting several hundred sec- …     

基于导频的储存环束流位置测量处理器研制

稳定的束流轨道对于同步辐射光源的性能至关重要,规划中的合肥先进光源是第四代衍射极限储存环,其亚微米级的束流轨道稳定度需要束流位置测量精度达到100 nm级别。本文基于国产化芯片,研制了带有导频补偿机制的束流位置测量处理器,主要包括导频模块、模拟前端模块、数字处理模块和嵌入式工控模块。输入信号经过导频模块和模拟前端模块调理,在数字处理模块通过带通欠采样原理实现模数转换,数字信号在现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）内经过下变频、滤波抽取、坐标旋转数字计算（CORDIC）模块以及差比和算法等处理后获得束流位置信息,嵌入式工控模块实时传输束流位置信号,与加速器控制系统通信。目前设计的束流位置处理器完成了实验室离线测试和束流测试,测试结果表明,当输入信号幅度在-55～5 dBm范围时,束流位置测量处理器的快获取数据（FA data）和慢获取数据（SA data）分辨率分别好于120 nm和70 nm,满足设计要求。