低铬抗硫套管的H_2S/CO_2腐蚀行为研究

通过高温高压及H2S应力腐蚀开裂(SSC)实验,采用SEM、EDS、XRD和TEM技术,研究3Cr110S在模拟环境中的H2S/CO2腐蚀行为。结果表明:在模拟H2S/CO2高温高压腐蚀环境中,H2S腐蚀占主导作用,3Cr110S的均匀腐蚀速率为0.1272 mm/a,局部腐蚀轻微,试样表面腐蚀产物为FeS;在施加应力为72%、80%的最低屈服强度时,3Cr110S试样均未发生应力腐蚀开裂,具有良好的抗SSC性能;3Cr110S回火索氏体组织的条束之间位相差大,铬元素在晶界及晶内以粒状碳化物析出、位错纠结、弥散分布碳化物的位错定扎对SSC裂纹扩展起着良好的阻碍作用。     

螺旋焊管抗H2S应力腐蚀试验研究

通过对螺旋焊管抗H2S应力腐蚀的试验研究，提出了螺旋焊管抗H2S应力腐蚀的几种途径，并对我国在抗H2S应力腐蚀的研究方面提出了一些建议。     

BT80SS抗H2S腐蚀石油套管的研制

根据化学元素对H2S应力腐蚀的影响,选用C,Mn,Cr和Mo为合金元素,控制S和P等有害元素的含量,同时加入RE;根据钢管的组织对抗H2S应力腐蚀的影响,采用淬火后高温回火的热处理制度,生产出了具有自主知识产权的抗H2S套管,该产品具有良好的耐H2S腐蚀性能。     

超级13Cr在H2S和CO2共存环境下的腐蚀行为影响研究

对CO2和H2S共存环境中95 ksi钢级超级13Cr钢的腐蚀行为进行了研究,发现常温条件下H2S和CO2共存环境中,无论是采用恒载荷的方法还是四点弯曲的方法,都在试样的表面出现了局部腐蚀,而在高温条件下未发生点蚀和应力腐蚀现象。分析结果表明,95 ksi钢级的超级马氏体不锈钢在常温H2S和CO2共存环境中出现的局部腐蚀主要是因为夹杂物在应力集中和酸性溶液的作用下形成点蚀,并沿着相同应力水平的区域扩展,局部腐蚀增加了应力腐蚀开裂的敏感性。     

管线钢管焊接接头腐蚀环境失效与安全评价研究现状

在酸性腐蚀介质环境服役的钢管,腐蚀介质与力学载荷耦合后将加速焊接接头失效.介绍了管线钢管焊接接头在酸性腐蚀介质环境下的失效模式,主要包括应力腐蚀开裂、氢致开裂以及考虑裂纹尖端H+扩散聚集的腐蚀断裂与腐蚀疲劳,并介绍了在酸性腐蚀介质环境服役管线管接头工程临界评估(ECA)的常规处理技术,以期能为今后该领域技术的发展提供参考.     

高性能不锈钢（16）

7．2含硫石油天然气介质 硫化氢的存在增加了油气生产常常涉及的高氯化物水溶液的腐蚀性,二氧化碳的存在或有意添加的酸化剂增大了这些介质的腐蚀性。随着介质苛刻程度的增加,发生点蚀或缝隙腐蚀、应力腐蚀断裂甚至全面腐蚀的可能性增加。在H2S含量相对较低时,所有三种结构类型的标准不锈钢都能提供有效的耐腐蚀性,并且许多已被纳入NACE标准MRO175,“油田装置使用的耐硫化物应力腐蚀断裂的金属材料”。然而,当H2S分压、氯化物浓度、温度以及酸度增加时,     

应力与环境耦合条件下高强钢S135的疲劳行为北大核心CSCD

为评价应力与环境耦合(交变应力、腐蚀介质和温度耦合)对高强度钢S135疲劳性能的影响,探索应力与环境耦合对高强度钢S135疲劳的作用机制,测试了S135材料在空气中和不同温度下(25、40、60和80℃)有机盐钻井液中的疲劳寿命,分析了S135在有机盐钻井液中的腐蚀疲劳敏感性,并使用扫描电镜观察了不同温度下的断口形貌,研究了有机盐钻井液中S135腐蚀疲劳的断裂机理。结果表明,同一应力(低应力)水平下,随温度升高(25、40、60和80℃),腐蚀疲劳寿命逐渐降低,腐蚀疲劳敏感指数和温度敏感指数逐渐增加。研究认为,交变应力、腐蚀介质和温度耦合对S135材料疲劳有极大的影响,交变应力是疲劳失效的主要因素,腐蚀介质会使S135表面产生腐蚀坑,导致疲劳裂纹的萌生,温度通过加速腐蚀对疲劳破坏产生影响。     

压裂车活动弯头爆裂分析

采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜等分析手段,对某油田压裂车上的活动弯头在压裂作业时发生爆裂的原因进行分析。结果表明：该活动弯头在压裂作业时发生爆裂属于应力腐蚀破坏。由于材质中存在严重的硫化锰夹杂,在拉应力及氯化物腐蚀介质的作用下,由硫化锰夹杂处诱发的腐蚀裂纹进一步扩展而造成弯头破裂。     

3Cr抗CO2和H2S腐蚀系列油套管开发

CO2、H2S腐蚀是石油天然气开采过程中的主要腐蚀问题。文章在分析油井管CO2腐蚀行为和腐蚀特点的基础上，介绍了抗CO2、H2S腐蚀油套管的研制过程并开发出腐蚀性能良好的3Cr系列经济型油套管。文章重点介绍了80、95、110等不同钢级成品管的力学性能，抗CO2、H2S应力腐蚀开裂性能。运用SEM扫描电境、X光电子能谱仪、X射线衍射、体视显微镜等分析了钢经腐蚀后的表面腐蚀产物的组成、结构，并对Cr元素改善钢的抗CO2腐蚀行为及机理进行了分析。     

不停产更换循环氨水管道实践

针对河钢宣钢焦化厂1#焦炉部分循环氨水管道腐蚀泄漏,对生产造成威胁的情况,为了不影响生产和保护荒煤气导出系统,采取一系列措施在焦炉不停产的情况下,对腐蚀段循环氨水管道进行更换。具体介绍了更换方案的确定、更换前准备工作以及更换实施过程,实现了焦炉不停产对荒煤气导出系统无损伤更换部分循环氨水管道,为同行业不停产更换循环氨水管道提供了借鉴。     

Research status of corrosion environment failure and safety assessment of pipeline welded joint

Pipeline transportation is an economical,safe,and efficient transportation method for transporting oil,natural gas,mineral slurry,and other fluids.Welding is the most critical construction process in pipeline engineering and is crucial in the safe operation and service of an entire pipeline system.Theoretically,the girth welded joint is the weakest link in a pipeline system.The unevenness of the structure and performance of the joint caused by welding frequently results in the failure of the welded joint before the failure of the base material of the pipe body,causing the pipeline to leak or even break.For steel pipes used in an acidic corrosive medium environment,the integration of the corrosive medium and mechanical load will accelerate the failure of the welded joint.This article reviews the failure modes of pipeline welded joints in acidic corrosive media,including stress corrosion cracking,hydrogen-induced cracking,and corrosion fracture,and corrosion fatigue considering the diffusion and accumulation of H+at the crack tip.It also reviews service pipelines in acidic corrosive media.The general processing technology of pipe joint engineering critical assessment(ECA)is investigated to provide a reference for the future development of technology in this field.     

Ti35合金焊接接头在高温硝酸中的腐蚀性能研究

以沸腾的核乏燃料后处理模拟料液及空白硝酸溶液为腐蚀液,研究了Ti35合金焊接接头的耐腐蚀性能。在模拟料液中对Ti35合金熔敷金属及焊接热模拟样进行全浸腐蚀实验,间接评价了焊接接头熔区及热影响区的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:Ti35合金焊接接头在沸腾空白硝酸溶液及模拟料液中均具有良好的均匀腐蚀性能,焊缝熔区及热影响区的腐蚀速率大于焊接接头的腐蚀速率,焊接接头的腐蚀对焊接应力的敏感性不高;在沸腾空白硝酸介质中,硝酸浓度对焊接接头的耐蚀性能有较大的影响,随硝酸浓度的提高,焊接接头的耐蚀性能有所下降;硝酸溶液中氧化性金属阳离子对Ti35合金的焊接接头具有缓蚀作用。     

Review on corrosion resistance properties of Inconel 718 alloy used in the oil and gas industry

This paper summarizes the corrosion behavior of Inconel 718 alloy,which is used in the oil and gas fields,including its uniform corrosion,pitting,intergranular corrosion,galvanic corrosion,stress corrosion,and hydrogen embrittlement.It also analyzes the main reasons for the good corrosion resistance of Inconel 718 alloy.This paper focuses on the effects of the heat-treatment process on corrosive behavior and provides guidelines for reasonable heat treatments in security service environments.Finally,this paper recommends further studies and applications of Inconel 718 in corrosion environments with high-temperature,high-pressure,and wet H2S.     

“PU—1”低合金高强度抗H2S应力腐蚀钻材钢的研究

研制的“ＰＵ－１”低合金高强度抗Ｈ２Ｓ应力腐蚀钻材新钢种,具有良好的综合力学、抗Ｈ２Ｓ应力腐蚀和焊接性能,应用于结构构件方面是可行的,且有显著的经济和社会效益。     

煤气管道膨胀节腐蚀和在线包焊技术应用

简单分析了高炉煤气中Cl元素的存在对不锈钢膨胀节的应力腐蚀问题和防止途径，作为一种临时性的防范措施，简要介绍了煤气膨胀节包焊实施步骤和措施。     

Stress Corrosion of X80 Pipeline Steel Welded Joints by Slow Strain Test in NACE H2S Solutions

The X80 pipeline steel was welded with the way of submerged arc welding. The SST (slow strain test) of the welded joint samples in the air, NACE (National Association of Corrosion Engineers) solution (no H2S), NACE solution (saturated H2S) was performed to research the sensibility index of SCC (stress corrosion cracking) Iscc. The morphologies of the welded joint fractures and the fracture modes were observed with SEM (scanning electron microscope), and the fracture chemical compositions were analyzed with EDS (energy dispersive spectrometer), respectively. The fracture mechanisms of the welded joints were discussed. The results show that sensibility index of SCC in the air is not obvious, the fracture is dimple, and the mode of fracture is ductile fracture. The sensibility index of SCC in NACE solution (no H2S) is 13.21%, the stress corrosion is not obvious. The sample fracture shows quasi cleavage+dimple, and the fracture mode is toughness+brittle rupture. The sensibility index of SCC in NACE solution (saturated H2S) is 56.94%, the plastic loss is the most serious, appearing an obvious stress corrosion tendency, and there is no obvious necking phenomenon. The fracture mode is brittle fracture, and the sample fracture has a high sulfur concentration, prompting S to a aliquation of crisp crystal in the welded zone, and making its mechanical properties worsen.     

超超临界火电机组用关键锅炉钢性能分析

对T/P92、T/P122、S30432(Super 304H)、S31042(HR3C)、9Cr3W3Co等先进锅炉钢的性能进行了综合评述,对比分析了这几种钢管及其焊接接头的持久强度、抗腐蚀性能和常规力学性能数据,采用等温线法和Larson-Miller法外推了这些锅炉钢的10万h持久强度,探讨了这几种钢管许用应力的设定及在工程设计和应用的问题。