掺粉煤灰和磷渣粉混凝土的性能研究

用粉煤灰作为掺和料,可提高混凝土的强度,改善混凝土的抗渗、抗侵蚀等性能。磷渣粉是生产磷肥时产生的工业废渣,大量露天堆放造成了环境污染。为改善环境,提高磷矿渣利用率,本文进行了一系列试验来研究磷渣粉作为掺和料的可行性。     

磷渣混合材对水泥物理力学性能的影响

研究了不同细度、不同掺量磷渣及磷渣和其它混合材复掺对水泥物理性能的影响。结果表明：磷渣具有一定的减水作用,降低需水量;磷渣细度越细,其强度越高;随着磷渣掺量增加,早期胶砂抗压和抗折强度逐渐下降。磷渣与其它掺和料联掺的需水量比略高于磷渣单掺的需水量比,其强度与其它掺和料活性（强度比特性）有关。     

磷渣在水泥混凝土中的资源化利用

磷渣是电炉制取黄磷过程中产生的一种工业废渣.目前,磷渣的大量应用主要还是在水泥混凝土行业中.主要从磷渣用作水泥生产原料、磷渣用作砂浆混凝土骨料、磷渣用作矿物掺合料、用磷渣制备碱激发胶凝材料等四个方面对磷渣在水泥混凝土中的应用进行综述,详细介绍了磷渣对水泥混凝土工作性、力学性能及耐久性等性能的影响.     

以粉煤灰为基材的优质混凝土掺和材料的研究开发

本文介绍了选用上海地区丰富的废渣资源,经合理配伍,简单加工,研究开发了以粉煤灰为基材的优质混凝土掺和材料ＫＳＦ系统产品,并对大掺量粉煤灰拓和料混凝土的配制技术及其对性能的影响作了深入研究。     

株洲市鼓励废渣综合利用

1、新、改、扩建项目如有“三渣”(粉煤灰、煤渣、煤矸石)产生,必须贯彻“三同时”方针,与主体工程配套建设综合利用设施,该设施的固定资产折旧全部留给企业;2、产生“三渣”的单位,按每吨废渣2元的标准每年交纳废渣综合利用基金;3、生产水泥、墙体材料、混凝土和筑路都要使用“三渣”作掺和料、混合料、填充料。生产粘土砖掺入“三渣”量达到30%的企业,可免收土地保护费。4、“三渣”综合利用项目,银行优先贷款,并实行税前还贷办法。     

磷渣掺合料对混凝土性能影响的试验研究

矿物掺合料的有效应用不仅具有较好的经济效益,而且还能显著改善和提高混凝土的综合性能.针对贵州地区粉煤灰市场供求不平衡,矿渣、硅灰缺乏,磷渣资源丰富的情况,本文以黄磷工业产生的磷渣为主要研究对象,通过一系列试验,研究了磷渣作为掺合料在混凝土中的应用.重点研究了磷渣掺合料对混凝土力学及耐久性能影响的规律     

磷石膏基材料在磷矿充填中的应用

利用磷石膏和磷渣可配制出性能优良的矿山充填料,提高矿山资源的综合利用率,防止山体崩塌开裂,同时综合利用了工业废渣,减轻环境污染。充填料浆体的浓度对工作性和强度有显著影响,适当的料浆浓度既能保证浆体具有足够的自流性能,同时其强度发展也较为理想;磷渣在激发剂的作用下逐步水化硬化,与磷石膏构成一个结晶结构体,其强度随着磷渣掺量的增加而提高。浆体的自流性能可简化充填工艺,降低充填成本。     

锂渣混凝土抗压与劈拉试验研究

锂渣为矿物掺和料,研究了锂渣高性能混凝土的抗压强度变化与劈裂抗拉强度变化规律及关系,试验结果显示:在不同水胶比情况下,锂渣掺量10%为最优掺量;随着水胶比和锂渣掺量的增加,锂渣高性能混凝土的抗压强度与劈裂抗拉强度在逐渐降低;锂渣高性能混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度与抗压强度之间的关系,建议采用公式。     

基于正交设计与BP神经网络优化制备钢渣代砂环保型泡沫混凝土

以特殊钢尾渣作为掺和料,制备钢渣代砂环保型泡沫混凝土,即特殊钢尾渣泡沫混凝土.基于正交设计与BP神经网络考察各制备因素对特殊钢尾渣泡沫混凝土干密度与28 d强度的影响.结果表明,最优特殊钢尾渣泡沫混凝土的制备工艺参数:水泥用量74.9份、特殊钢尾渣用量30.2份、粉煤灰用量12.8份、水料比0.455、发泡剂用量309.7 g,其干密度628.49 g/cm3和28 d强度2.675 MPa.所建立的BP神经网络模型精确性高,即实验测试值与模型预测值的相对误差分别为3.854％与3.925％.特殊钢尾渣泡沫混凝土中C-S-H凝胶将特殊钢尾渣包裹,不仅能提高所制备泡沫混凝土的力学性能,而且能增强所制备混凝土中的应用性和安全性.     

铝土矿尾矿活化制备水泥基材料的研究

尾矿是氧化铝工业产生的固体废渣。文章以铝土矿浮选尾矿为研究对象,探讨了煅烧工艺和早强剂对尾矿活性的影响,目的是在不影响水泥强度的前提下,找到这种活性掺和料的最大添加量。研究结果表明,尾矿经过煅烧,配以适量早强剂和粉煤灰类活性废渣,能获得一种性能优良的高性能水泥基材料,能替代矿渣、粉煤灰、偏高岭土作为水泥混合材或混凝土掺合料,这种技术方法不仅能够大量消耗工业废渣,还具有良好的社会、经济和环境效益。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997