石灰改良膨胀土重塑后的工程特性研究

为研究石灰改良膨胀土重塑后的工程特性,进行了素土、石灰改良膨胀土及重塑石灰改良膨胀土在90％、93％及95％压实度下土体的固结试验及直剪强度试验,对比分析了3种土体的工程特性.试验结论显示:重塑石灰改良膨胀土的压缩系数α1-2介于素土与石灰改良膨胀土之间,是石灰改良膨胀土的1.6～1.7倍,是素土的0.7～0.8倍.在...     

生物酶改性膨胀土室内三轴试验研究

采用室内三轴试验,研究了生物酶、石灰、水泥改良膨胀土的应力-应变曲线及强度特性,探讨了生物酶、石灰、水泥含量对改良膨胀土强度影响的变化规律。试验结果表明:1)改良膨胀土的偏应力随轴向应变的增加而增加,掺生物酶改性膨胀土的试验曲线表现为硬化型,掺石灰、水泥改性膨胀土试验曲线表现为软化型;2)掺生物酶、石灰、水泥能提高膨胀土体承受偏应力的强度,相同围压下,掺1∶300(酶与水的质量比)生物酶试样承受的偏应力最大,掺7%的石灰次之,最后为掺9%的水泥;3)通过比较分析强度提高系数R可知,掺1∶300(酶与水的质量比)生物酶对提高膨胀土抗剪强度效果最佳。以上研究结果为娄益高速处置膨胀土路基提供量化资料,同时也为其他膨胀土工程提供参考。     

阿勒锦岛岸坡非饱和土体固结试验研究

本试验利用仪器为单杠杆式固结仪(WG-1B),对阿勒锦岛天然岸坡非饱和原状土进行固结试验,研究其变化规律。试验方法采用标准固结法。通过试验得出试样在每级荷载下的压缩变形量、压缩系数、压缩模量、体积压缩系数及回弹指数,并利用多元回归线性公式拟合孔隙比与压力的关系曲线,得出ep=0=0.749,R=0.989 7,进而得出阿勒锦岛岸坡土体属于中压缩性土。     

软土结构性对土体力学特性的影响

天然软土大多具有结构性,对天津附近软土进行了高压固结试验,探讨了软土结构性对土体力学特性、压缩曲线和土体变形的影响。结果表明:在相同固结压力下,重塑土的竖向变形量大于原状土的竖向变形量,原状土的先期固结压力大于重塑土的先期固结压力,原状土的压缩模量大于重塑土的压缩模量,原状土的压缩系数小于重塑土的压缩系数,压缩模量、压缩系数和固结压力均满足乘幂关系。该软土的灵敏度为5,按土的结构性分类等级为灵敏。     

新旧软粘土路基原位固结压缩特性数值分析

针对新旧软粘土路基固结压缩沉降变形的特点,通过对试验路段新旧路地基进行钻探取样和原位试验及室内物理力学试验,通过土体固结压缩试验求取土体的压缩系数和先期固结压力,用以判断土的压缩性和计算路基沉降。基于卡萨格兰德法,用多项式拟合e-lgp曲线,分析比较后确定曲线的拟合数学模型,然后根据先期固结压力的数值分析,应用Matlab软件实现其数值求解,反演新旧路基软粘土路基原状土固结现状。     

荷载对软土次固结影响的试验研究

现有计算软土次固结变形的常用方法是不考虑荷载对其影响的。大量的试验表明荷载对次固结有较明显的影响。本文对次固结变形与荷载的关系进行了较详细的探讨,并着重研究了正常固结土的次固结特性,且对其规律进行了总结和分析。结果表明:对超固结土,次压缩系数随荷载增大而增大;对正常固结土,次压缩系数随荷载增大而减小。在此基础上提出了正常固结土次固结沉降量随固结压力变化的计算方法。     

掺电石灰对膨胀土物理力学性质的影响

通过室内试验,着重研究掺电石灰对膨胀土的压缩特性、抗剪强度、抗压强度等相关指标的影响,探讨了利用电石灰改良膨胀土的可行性,结果表明:往膨胀土中掺入电石灰可以降低其压缩性,提高抗剪强度和粘聚力,增强无侧限抗压强度,有利于膨胀土强度特性的提高。     

红河蒙自改良中膨胀土的路用特性试验研究

文中以红河蒙自市某工程膨胀土为研究对象,对其进行了素土,石灰、粉煤灰以及水泥改良膨胀土的路用特性试验研究。结果表明,石灰、粉煤灰、水泥三种改良膨胀土的最大干密度均随着掺量的增加而逐渐减小,石灰和水泥改良的膨胀土最佳含水率随着掺量增加而增大,粉煤灰改良的膨胀土最佳含水率则随着掺量增加而减小。三种改良膨胀土的膨胀量均随掺入比的增大而减小,CBR值则与之相反。从改良后减小的膨胀量来看,改良效果由好到差依次是粉煤灰、石灰、水泥;从提高CBR值上看,水泥效果更好,其次是石灰,粉煤灰效果最差。     

关于地基最终沉降量的计算方法——分层总和法的几点理解

每一种土都具有可压缩性,当然一些土的压缩性非常高,而另一些土的压缩性很低。要确定地表沉降,需要有沉降预测方法。沉降预测方法以土的压缩性为基础。土的压缩随建筑物（荷载大小与性质）和土体的不同而变化。如果地基的压缩性参数和上部荷载的大小与性质已知,压缩量即可求出。如果计算出的压缩量在允许范围之内,就是良好的地基土;如果沉降量偏大,就需要进行处理,以满足基础设计的需要。     

两种吹填超软土压缩固结特性试验研究

吹填超软土含水量高、压缩性高、低强度、低渗透性等特点,压缩固结过程不同于一般的软土,表现出非线性变化的特点。对上海两种吹填超软土采用压缩固结试验,通过试验研究其压缩、固结特性,试验结果表明:①两种吹填超软土第一级荷载压缩量最大,压缩系数最大,而且随着固结压力增大压缩系数逐渐减小,同时孔隙比与荷载的对数近似呈线性关系。②两种吹填超软土其固结系数随着所加荷载的增加而增大,而其渗透系数随着所加荷载的增加而减小。③渗透系数随孔隙比呈非线性变化,采用非线性函数拟合lgK_v-e关系,为类似吹填超软土非线性固结提供参考。     

Peak and residual strength characteristics of cement-treated soil cured under different consolidation conditions

The shear strength of cement-treated soil can be changed by both cementation and consolidation during the early stages of hardening because of cement hydration. Based on the results of triaxial and unconfined compression tests, this paper describes the effects of isotropic and one-dimensional consolidation stress, applied during the curing period, on the undrained peak and residual shear strengths of cement-treated soil. The sample used was a mixture of fine-grained sand and ordinary Portland cement. A consolidated undrained triaxial compression test (ICU) was conducted on the specimens immediately after the cement treatment. Each test was conducted under different consolidation pressures, curing times and delayed loading times. The following conclusions were developed from the results and discussions: (1) the undrained peak shear strength of cement-treated soil, cured under different consolidation conditions, increases with an increase in either the consolidation pressure or the curing time, whereas it gradually decreases with an increase in the delayed loading time. (2) The rate of undrained strength increase resulting from consolidation differs significantly between isotropic and one-dimensional consolidations. (3) For a curing time of between one and seven days, the rate of strength increase by isotropic consolidation exceeds that by one-dimensional consolidation. The simultaneous volumetric change of cement-treated soil during consolidation depends on the stress conditions of the specimen, that is, the difference between isotropic and one-dimensional consolidations. (4) When the test is not conducted under nearly in-situ conditions, the undrained shear strength may be underestimated, depending on the time interval between the cement treatment and the start of consolidation. (5) The shear strength in the residual state is influenced by the consolidation pressure during curing. (6) As the consolidation pressure during curing increases, the specimens exhibit a higher residual strength.     

饱和软土地基弹塑性固结沉降研究

软粘土孔隙比大、渗透率低、压缩性和含水量高,这种特性决定了它的变形沉降受到包括应力历史、应力路径、固结压力、软土特性等诸多因素的影响。本文引入基于混合物理论的两相多孔介质理论描述饱和软土的弹塑性固结沉降过程。该理论具有理论推理严密和数学论证严谨的特点,能够充分考虑固结过程中的水土耦合作用。     

High-Strengthening of Cement-Treated Clay by Mechanical Dehydration

A technique called the cement-mixing and mechanical dehydration method (CMD) as one of recycling techniques for soft clay slurry is developed. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the CMD for increasing the strength of soft clay, a series of unconfined compression tests and several durability tests were performed together with the literature review of unconfined compressive strength in cement-treated soils. Moreover, a series of constant strain rate consolidation tests were also performed to evaluate the effects of cement content and dehydration speed on the permeability of cement-treated clay. The following conclusions are obtained: 1) Literature review and theoretical considerations on the shear strength of cement-treated soils show that an additional treatment for the purpose of increasing the density of cement-treated specimen is effective for increasing the shear strength of cement-treated soil. 2) The mechanical dehydration of soft clay with high pressure is accelerated by cement mixing, where the coefficient of consolidation of cement-treated clay increases as the cement content increases. 3) The high-strength specimen having the unconfined compressive strength of more than 20 MPa can be created from soft clay treated by the CMD with the cement content of over 20% and the dehydration pressure of 20 MPa.     

路堤下等应变复合地基的固结分析

 路堤下等应变复合地基固结沉降时,桩间土承担的荷载向桩体转移,桩土总应力不断变化,超静孔压增减量不等于有效应力增减量。考虑桩土总应力的变化、竖向排水体的压缩和孔隙水压力、桩体的排水性能、桩与排水体的距离等对复合地基的固结产生的影响。推导考虑桩体排水性能、桩土荷载转移、排水体压缩性和井阻的路堤下复合地基孔压、固结度、桩土应力比的解析解。固结分析表明,不透水桩可以加速地基固结,透水桩可能减缓固结,复合地基固结的快慢受桩身固结系数影响很大,高固结系数桩复合地基固结度大于小固结系数桩复合地基。     

长江口软土的次固结特性试验研究及应用

对长江口淤泥质软土进行一系列固结实验,研究了荷载、超固结比、土性指标等对软土次固结系数的影响,得出了该区域软土的次固结特性及不同土层的次固结系数。试验结果表明:次固结系数与荷载有关,且随着荷载的增大先增大后减小,最后趋于平稳;次固结系数与最大固结压力有关,且随着超固结比的增大而减小;次固结系数与压缩指数的比值近似为常数0.031;次固结系数与初始孔隙比及初始含水率呈线性关系。提出了一种考虑主次固结同时发生的沉降计算方法,并通过所得次固结系数对横沙围堤进行了沉降预测,与现场监测吻合较好。所提出的计算方法更符合工程实际需要,具有很好的实用价值。试验所得的相关参数及结论对研究长江口软土特性及后期工程的沉降预测具有一定参考意义。     

浙江近海软黏土次固结系数研究及应用

我国室内固结试验中把次固结沉降曲线作为线性处理,然而,大量的实验数据证明,测定周期的不同次固结曲线呈非线性特征,故次固结系数为变数。通过我国近海典型海相软黏土——浙江平阳港次固结试验为验证实例,提出一种适用于工程的分级加载、延时校正及保持试样结构原状的土工快速测试法。对工程中试验曲线分析及研究表明:我国近海区域软黏土次固结系数与固结压力、压缩指数以及测试时间存在着一定的相关性,次固结系数与固结压力变化呈先增、后降、趋稳的现象,次固结系数峰值与土体深度等有关,C_a/C_c比值为常数。实验中所得到的经验值可作为邻近工程固结沉降量预估,所创方法为填补国家标准规范次固结试验的空白提供有益参考。     

泥炭土的固结特性试验研究

沉降量大且沉降持续时间长是修建在泥炭土地基上的工程所面临的主要问题,而目前国内外学者对泥炭土固结特性的研究结果不尽一致。鉴于此,本文以云南某高速公路泥炭土路段为依托,参照一般土体的室内土工试验方法,对不同有机质含量的泥炭土进行了基本性质试验和一维蠕变试验。结果表明:有机质含量越高,泥炭土的次固结变形量越大。强泥炭质土和泥炭在不同压力下主固结完成时间较短,且基本不受固结压力的影响,这与淤泥质土的相应规律有较大差别。此外,先期固结压力对强泥炭质土和泥炭的次固结沉降速率有很大的影响,而且当荷载大于先期固结压力时,按照一般土体的试验方法进行一维固结试验所得强泥炭质土、泥炭的e-lgt曲线未出现反弯点。弱泥炭质土可参照一般软粘土的方法用e-lgt曲线确定次固结系数,其次固结系数随压力的变化规律与一般软土的变化规律一致,即次固结系数随固结压力先增大后减小。     

原状黄土高压固结试验研究

运用从延安新区工程建设现场取得的Q3原状黄土,开展了控制不同含水量的高压固结实验,得到了其压缩系数、压缩指数与压缩模量,并分析了Q3黄土的变形特性参数与上部垂直压力和含水率的关系,结果表明:压缩系数与压缩指数都随着含水量的增大而增大,当土体受到的垂直压力与含水率比较大时,压缩模量有先增大后减小的趋势。     

Modeling compression behavior of cement-treated zinc-contaminated clayey soils

In this paper, the compression behavior of cement-treated soil with various cement contents and zinc concentrations is presented and modeled by the destructuring framework and the concept of the Intrinsic Compression Line (ICL). The void ratio of a cement-treated sample with Zn contamination is the sum of the void ratio sustained by the intrinsic soil fabric (destructured void ratio) and the additional void ratio due to cementation. The compression index at the pre-yield state, C_s, increases as the Zn concentration increases or as the cement content decreases. At the post-yield state, the additional void ratio is inversely proportional to the effective vertical stress. The rate of reduction in the additional void ratio is controlled by the destructuring index, b. The values for b and yield stress are mainly dependent upon the degree of cementation, which is controlled by the cement content and the Zn concentration. Based on a critical analysis of the test data, a practical (simple and rational) method for assessing the compressibility of cement-treated soil with various Zn concentrations is suggested. The proposed predictive method is useful not only for quickly determining compression curves, with acceptable errors, but also for examining the results of tests on cement-treated zinc-contaminated soil.