2007年食品安全相关WTO/SPS通报情况分析

2007年,WTO秘书处接收到SPS措施通报1190份,其中与食品安全相关的措施占72.6%,中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所收到卫生部转发的与食品安全相关的通报411项。5个主要通报国家和地区是美国、巴西、欧盟、韩国及日本。通报内容以农产品、兽药残留为主,其他涉及食品添加剂、微生物、污染物等。营养食品所对25项通报提出了评议意见。我国在WTO/SPS通报以及评议工作与发达国家仍存在一定差距,评议机制有待于进一步完善。     

中国2012—2021年世界贸易组织卫生与植物卫生措施通报情况分析

目的 回顾总结过去10年间中国卫生与植物卫生（SPS）措施的通报情况,对中国SPS措施通报工作开展相关研究的同时,浅析SPS通报相关透明度工作执行过程中存在的不足,对进一步完善SPS透明度工作提出建议,为进一步加强中国SPS措施通报工作、更好地履行透明度义务提供参考。方法 从WTO秘书处开发的“SPS信息管理系统”中获取2012—2021年间中国SPS通报。通过进一步整理、汇总和翻译,对中国2012—2021年SPS措施历年通报的数量情况、涉及到的不同SPS通报类型和通报措施领域等进行统计和分析。同时,通过该系统,获取中国主要贸易伙伴SPS措施通报情况。结果 2012—2021年间中国共向WTO/SPS秘书处通报743项SPS措施,其中,常规类通报736项、紧急通报5项、增补通报2项。食品添加剂相关食品安全国家标准SPS通报占443项。结论 中国较好地履行了WTO/SPS透明度义务,但仍存在后续通报不及时或不完善等情况。未来应进一步加强、完善WTO/SPS透明度工作。     

2015年第一季度世界贸易组织/动植物卫生检疫通报评议工作

<正>2015年1~3月,WTO共通报各成员SPS措施341项,国家卫生计生委WTO项目办公室收到国家咨询点转来SPS通报188项,对其中57项与食品安全相关的SPS重点措施信息进行了整理。57项食品安全相关SPS通报措施中,加拿大、沙特阿拉伯、中国台湾各通报7项,印度、土耳其各通报     

2010年WTO各成员食品添加剂相关通报分析

2010年WTO各成员通报食品添加剂相关措施共203项,我国通报数量居首位,加拿大和欧盟分别居第2、3位。美国通报内容相对较少;欧盟正进行食品添加剂法规体系的更新;加拿大重点通报了酶制剂法规进行制修订;韩国通报涉及食品添加剂品种较多,影响较大;日本通报内容较单一,主要涉及对食品添加剂品种名单的更新;台澎金马独立关税区通报了片剂、胶囊包装食品中多种食品添加剂的使用规定。我国在2010年较好的履行了WTO/SPS通报义务,受到国际社会广泛关注,通报工作仍应加强,更应做好主动研究和评议工作,做好我国食品添加剂风险评估工作,积极参与食品添加剂法典标准工作仍是我国食品添加剂管理工作的核心。     

2014年第四季度世界贸易组织/动植物卫生检疫通报评议工作

<正>2014年10~12月,世界贸易组织(WTO)共通报各成员动植物卫生检疫(SPS)措施432项,国家卫生计生委WTO项目办公室收到国家咨询点转来SPS通报321项,对其中67项与食品安全相关的SPS重点措施信息进行了整理。67项食品安全相关SPS通报措施中,排名前五的通报成员有:沙特拉伯18项、加拿大8项、美国6项、欧盟5项、日本4项。此外,台澎金马和印度各通报3项,菲律宾、韩国、卡塔尔、南非和中国澳门各通报2     

2005年WTO各成员食品安全相关SPS措施通报情况分析

为提高我国WTO/SPS措施通报评议工作水平,更好地行使WTO赋予的权利,对2005年WTO各成员通报的食品安全相关SPS通报情况进行分析。分析表明,发达国家在透明度方面较发展中国家高,农兽药残留和食品添加剂是近年来各食品安全管理的重点。应对措施方面,我国应该加强本国食品安全标准体系和危险性评估等科学能力建设,并做好各部门之间的沟通与配合。     

韩国电器安全标准通报及中国应对措施

在关税措施被弱化、其他非关税措施的应用受到限制的情况下,技术性贸易措施因其合理性、复杂性、隐藏性和灵活性等特点,在国际贸易中的地位日益突出,数量也日益增多。技术性贸易壁垒作为当今最重要的非关税壁垒之一,影响国际贸易的流向和流量,成为贸易摩擦领域研究热点。作为WTO的成员国,利用通报评议期对通报成员的拟议措施进行研究,提出有利于我国贸易的评议意见,是行使WTO权利的一种体现。本文通过对韩国电器安全标准通报内容及背景,我国国家评议意见的形成,韩国对我国评议意见的回复进行分析、总结,提出通报评议主动应对工作模式,为我国出口企业争取最大利益。     

2002—2010年我国面临食品安全WTO/SPS特别贸易关注分析

研究我国在WTO/SPS例会的特别贸易关注议题下面临的与食品安全有关的贸易纠纷现状,提出完善机制的建议.利用WTO/SPS委员会秘书处散发的G/SPS/GEN/204/Rev.11、Rev.11A1、Rev.11A2和Rev.11A3号4份文件中与我国食品安全相关的特别贸易关注资料,运用Excel软件进行统计分析,并深入研究.2002-2010年间,SPS例会中与我国直接相关的食品安全特别贸易关注共有17项,其中我国向其他成员提出11项,其他成员向我国提出关注6项.另有5项我国作为支持方参与其他成员间的特别贸易关注.我国提出关注与被关注的WTO成员主要集中在欧盟、日本、美国等发达成员.农药残留限量是我国食品出口贸易中遇到的主要技术壁垒,食品中微生物限量、酒类产品标准等食品安全各领域逐渐成为我国受关注的主题.我国应建立和完善特别贸易关注的应对机制,完善WTO/SPS通报评议机制,加强与国内食品国际法典工作的沟通,提高我国在WTO/SPS例会中应对和提出特别贸易关注的能力.     

日本批准哌啶和吡咯烷作为食品添加剂对我国的启示

2010年8月24日，日本厚生劳动省发布G／SPS／N／JPN／258号通报，批准哌啶（piperidifle）和吡咯烷（pyrrolidine）作为食品添加剂并规定此类物质的标准规范。该通报的批准和生效日期将在评议期后尽快公布，通报评议截止日期为2010年10月23日。     

2012年TBT通报统计

<正>一、通报数量2012年,共有72个WTO成员总计提交了2181件TBT通报,比去年的1761件增加了23.9%。其中,中国通报80件,比去年的90件减少了11.1%;WTO其他成员通报2101件,比去年的1671件增加了25.8%。2012年仅TBT通报的数量已超过2006年TBT通报和SPS通报的总和。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press