2010—2013年云南省保山市食源性疾病监测报告分析

目的分析2010—2013年保山市食源性疾病的发病规律和特点,为食物中毒的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对2010—2013年保山市食源性疾病报告资料建立数据库并进行统计分析。结果 2010—2013年保山市共报告食源性疾病25起,除1起食源性寄生虫病外,均为食物中毒事件,发病439人,死亡4人;第二、三季度食源性疾病的发病起数和发病人数均最多;2011年来发病起数呈逐年上升的趋势,死亡人数无明显规律。结论为防止食源性疾病的发生,监管部门应加强食品监测与消费者食源性疾病安全教育。     

2006-2008年广州市食源性疾病暴发监测分析

目的分析2006-2008年广州市食源性疾病暴发的特征,提出针对性的防控策略和措施。方法确定食源性疾病暴发的标准,利用食源性疾病暴发监测与报告系统收集2006-2008年暴发资料,建立excel食源性疾病暴发数据库,按季节、月份、致病因素、致病食品、就餐场所、引发因素等进行分析。结果2006-2008年食源性疾病暴发共189起,发病2678例,死亡6例,平均每起发病14.17例,罹患率13.47%,病死率0.22%。查明致病因素共166起,占总数的87.83%;微生物性暴发起数和发病人数最多,分别占总数的58.20%和70.95%;有毒动植物性暴发死亡人数最多,占总数的66.67%。微生物性(17.27例)平均每起患者数最多;化学性罹患率(91.83%)最高;有毒动植物性病死率(1.86%)最高。结论应提高食源性疾病暴发监测与报告系统的效率和质量,开展针对性防控,降低食源性疾病负担。     

食源性疾病监控技术的研究

为最大程度地控制我国食源性疾病的发生 ,“食源性疾病监控技术的研究”于 2 0 0 1年被列入“十五”国家科技攻关计划。“食源性疾病监控技术的研究”项目建立了全国食源性疾病监测网络 ,分析了 1992年至 2 0 0 1年的食源性疾病暴发资料 ,对 2 0 0 2年部分个案进行了监测与分析。在常见食物病原菌DNA指纹图谱技术的研究 ,PCR快速检测技术的研究方面取得了满意的结果。建立了鸡蛋中沙门氏菌危险性评估模型 ,对牡蛎中副溶血性弧菌进行了定量监测与危险性评估。建立了国家食源性疾病监测数据库及信息系统。该研究将有效地提高我国食品卫生监督检测系统对食物中毒致病菌的快速检测和鉴定水平 ,为全国的系统监测提供技术支撑 ,为缩小我国食源性疾病监控技术与发达国家的差距 ,科学地监控食源性疾病迈出了重要的一步 ,为政府及国际食品法典提供了有价值的政策依据。     

加入中国食源性微生物检测技术创新战略联盟的呼吁

正食源性疾病,即食品中致病因素进入人体引起的感染性、中毒性疾病,是国内外保证食品安全的重要检测对象。据全国食源性疾病监测信息资料显示,我国每年由食源性致病微生物引起的食物中毒人数约占各类食源性疾病患病总人数的40%~60%。食源性致病微生物是评价食品安全与否的重要指标,其检验方法作为过程控制的手段至关重要。9月7日,由中国食源性微生物检测技术创新战略联盟发起,来自国家及地方相关政府职能部门、协会、科研院所及企业的40余位专家共同编     

2011—2015年厦门市食物中毒流行病学特征分析

目的分析2011—2015年厦门市食物中毒的流行病学特征,了解食物中毒的规律和特点,为预防和控制食物中毒的发生提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2011—2015年厦门市食源性疾病报告系统所收集到的食物中毒资料按发生的时间、地点、病死率、致病因素等进行统计分析。结果 2011—2015年厦门市共报告食物中毒事件77起,中毒人数806人,死亡1人。食物中毒事件主要集中在第三季度,8月份最多。中毒原因以微生物性食物中毒为主,占62.34%(48/77),其中主要的致病因子是副溶血性弧菌,而诺如病毒是厦门市2012年后新发现的又一中毒因素。食物中毒主要发生场所是餐饮服务单位,主要集中在岛内思明区。结论加大食品卫生安全的宣传力度,加强对餐饮业的监管力度,建立完善的食物中毒应急处置机制,是减少厦门市食物中毒事件的有效途径。     

2013年山东省食源性疾病暴发事件 流行病学特征分析

目的分析2013年山东省食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征,为制定食源性疾病预防控制措施提供依据。方法对2013年通过国家食源性疾病暴发报告系统上报的30起食源性疾病暴发事件进行整理分析。结果 2013年共发生食源性疾病暴发事件30起,发病人数654人,死亡2人。食源性疾病暴发事件的主要发病季节是第三季度,全年食源性疾病暴发主要发生在4~10月份,其中以8月份最高;16~60岁人群是暴发事件发生的主要人群;饮食服务单位是发生食源性疾病暴发事件的主要场所,其次是集体食堂;加工不当与交叉污染是引起食源性疾病暴发事件的主要原因:微生物是引起食源性疾病暴发事件发生的主要致病因素,不同致病因素之间导致的罹患率不同(P0.05);引起食源性疾病暴发事件的主要原因食品是混合食品。结论加强对高发季节、高发因素、高发污染环节的监控;加强食源性疾病暴发事件的调查处置;加大防控食源性疾病暴发事件的宣传力度等,是预防和控制食源性疾病暴发事件的有效措施。     

肉制品中致病菌的检测与荧光定量PCR方法

正检测肉制品中的致病菌是保障肉制品质量安全、防止食源性疾病爆发的有效手段。PCR技术作为一种同时检测多种病原菌的技术,是检测肉制品中致病菌的重要手段。此次主题由刘磊老师对肉制品致病菌的各种知识和荧光定量PCR方法进行讲解。食源性致病菌及其危害食源性疾病是指食品中致病因素进入人体引起的感染性、中毒性等疾病,包括食物中毒。据不完全统计,约66%的食源性疾病由食源性微生物引起。据WHO(世界卫生组织)     

淄博市医疗机构食源性疾病监测体系建设情况调查和工作模式探讨

<正>食源性疾病是食品中致病因素进入人体引起的感染性、中毒性疾病,也是当今世界分布最广泛、最常见的疾病之一,其中便包括食物中毒。据世界卫生组织统计报告表明,全世界每年因食物污染而患病者高达数亿~([1]),可见,无论在发达国家还是发展中国家,食物中毒都是一个重要的公共卫生问题~([2])。为及时发现食源性疾病聚集病例和     

湖北省食源性疾病现状分析及控制对策探讨

为掌握近年来湖北省食源性疾病的情况，为食品安全管理提供依据，分析了2000年。2002年湖北省食源性疾病的资料。湖北省传染性食源性疾病以细菌性痢疾为主，占总发病率的50％以上；夏季发病多，以8月份为高峰；有3个高峰年龄段，1。2岁人群有小高峰，10-15岁和30-35岁发病高峰。非传染性食源性疾病（食物中毒）以农药化学品起数最多（40．5％），其次为微生物因素（27．8％），有毒动植物因素和不明原因各占15．2％和16．5％。每起发病人数微生物中毒引起的最多；病死率以有毒动植物因素最高（接近3％）；植物性食品引起的食物中毒病死率是动物性食品中毒病死率的3倍。该分析为有针对性地采取预防控制措施提供了依据。     

质量管理在食品安全中的重要性

我国的食品供应体系主要是围绕解决食品供给量问题而建立起来的,对于生产原料、生产环境、加工、包装、贮存运输及销售等环节的质量安全管理,都存在严重的不适应性,因此,由致病微生物和其他有毒、有害因素引起的食物中毒和食源性疾病仍然对我国食品安全构成了明显的威胁。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the