聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

对钠基蒙脱土进行有机化处理,XRD表明有机阳离子已同钠离子发生离子交换。熔融法制备聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土插层复合材料,用X－射线衍射研究复合材料的结构,聚氯乙烯不能插层于钠基蒙脱土,但能插层于有机蒙脱土,形成剥离型纳米复合材料。采用DSC研究了聚氯乙烯／有机蒙脱土复合材料的玻璃化转变温度,研究结果表明,聚氯乙烯／有机蒙脱土比聚 乙烯／钠基蒙脱土复合材料的力学性能优异。     

聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备得到PVC／蒙脱土复合材料。通过X射线衍射和透射电镜对复合材料的结构进行了表征。研究了钠基蒙脱土和烷基季铵盐改性的有机蒙脱土对聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土复合材料的结构、加工热稳定性、光学性能、力学性能和结构流变性能的影响。     

PVC-U/蒙脱土复合材料的制备与力学性能研究

采用聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯(EP)嵌段共聚物对钠基蒙脱土进行有机化处理改性,XRD测试结果表明嵌段共聚物插层进入了蒙脱土层间.用熔融共混法制备了聚氯乙烯/蒙脱土复合材料,并研究了钠基蒙脱土和EP改性的有机蒙脱土对复合材料力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,采用EP对MMT进行改性能够提高MMT与PVC之间的相容性,PVC-U/MMT-EP复合材料的力学性能得到明显提高,EP对MMT改性是制备有机改性蒙脱土的有效方法之一.     

硅烷偶联剂接枝改性蒙脱土对PBT性能的影响

选用硅烷偶联剂(KH560)对钠基蒙脱土进行改性。采用熔融共混法制备了不同类型的蒙脱土/聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)纳米复合材料,通过X射线衍射、透射电镜、动态热力学测试等手段考察了不同类型的蒙脱土对复合材料结构和性能的影响。硅烷偶联剂接枝改性蒙脱土后,蒙脱土/PBT复合材料中蒙脱土层间距从1.26 nm增加到1.42 nm,且蒙脱土在聚合物基体中的团聚现象明显改善。与未改性蒙脱土和商品化有机改性蒙脱土相比较,硅烷偶联剂改性蒙脱土/PBT复合材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度提高。     

聚氯乙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究

采用熔融插层法制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC) /蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料并进行了表征,研究了PVC/MMT纳米复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:PVC进入到有机MMT的片层间形成了纳米复合材料,但PVC不能进入钠基MMT的片层间,形成纳米复合材料;蒙脱土的加入提高了PVC的力学性能,而且PVC/有机MMT纳米复合材料的拉伸和冲击强度总是优于PVC/钠基MMT复合材料;对PVC/有机MMT纳米复合材料而言,复合材料的V型缺口冲击比U型缺口冲击敏感,其力学性能随热处理时间延长而降低,但PVC/有机MMT复合材料比PVC/钠基MMT的抗热性好。     

聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土复合材料。通过X射线衍射和透射电镜对复合材料的结构进行了表征。研究了钠基蒙脱土和有机铵盐改性的有机蒙脱土对聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土复合材料的结构、力学性能和流变性能的影响。     

聚丙烯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

用烷基季铵盐对钠基蒙脱土进行有机化处理,使其成为有机蒙脱土。X射线衍射（XRD）表明有机阳离子已同钠离子发生离子交换作用,导致层间距扩大。用熔融插层法制备聚丙烯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料,测试了力学性能。通过XRD、DSC等手段研究了其结构与结晶行为,并与聚丙烯进行了对比。实验表明,通过熔融插层可使聚丙烯插层于蒙脱土片层之中,且所得聚合物的冲击强度有所提高。     

PVC／OMMT／WF纳米复合材料性能研究

对蒙脱土进行有机改性制得有机蒙脱土（OMMT），并制备了聚氯乙烯侑机蒙脱土／木粉（PVC／OMMT／WF）纳米复合材料。采用硅烷偶联剂对木粉表面进行改性，有效提高了聚氯乙烯／木粉（PVC／WF）复合材料的力学性能，其中加入1．5％（质量含量，下同）硅烷偶联剂可使复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度分别提高14．8％和18．5％。研究了OMMT的加入对木粉改性前后的PVC／WF复合材料力学性能、耐热性能及阻燃性能的影响，结果表明，木粉未经改性时，OMMT加入无助于PVC／OMMT／WF复合材料力学性能的提高；木粉用硅烷偶联剂改性后，添加少量的OMMT，可使PVC／OMMT／WF复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度明显提高。研究表明，添加OMMT可显著延迟复合材料的点燃时间，燃烧残余率也明显增加，OMMT是PVC／WF复合材料的高效阻燃剂。     

PEO处理蒙脱土填充PVC的制备与力学性能

为更加有效地制备聚氯乙烯和蒙脱土纳米复合材料及增加两者之间的相容性,将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和钠基蒙脱土(MMT)在水中复合,制得凝胶,此凝胶干燥粉碎用于填充聚氯乙烯(PVC),研究了对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,PEO能够提高MMT对PVC的相容性,PVC／P-MMT复合材料具有较好的力学性能。因此,PEO和MMT的复合不失为制备有机改性纳米蒙脱土的有效方法。     

聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

以马来酸酐接枝低分子量聚丙烯为相容剂,采用双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出法,制备插层型聚丙烯/有机钠基蒙脱土、聚丙烯/酸化有机化钠基蒙脱土、聚丙烯/钠基蒙脱土3种纳米复合材料,发现有机钠基蒙脱土、酸化有机化钠基蒙脱土和钠基蒙脱土对PP力学性能和燃烧性能均有一定程度的提高。经X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,发现有机钠基蒙脱土片层间距增幅最大,复合材料的燃烧性能也有很大提高。     

PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的研究进展

概述了PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的研究及发展现状，总结了离子交换、偶联剂处理、接枝改性等粘土的表面处理方法及直接熔融插层、原位插层聚合、共混等PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的制备方法，并分析了PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的性能及其发展前景。     

Effects of a silane coupling agent on the exfoliation of organoclay layers in polyurethane/organoclay nanocomposite foams?

An attempt was made to synthesize polyurethane (PU)/organoclay nanocomposite foams with high thermal insulation properties. The organoclay was modified by polymeric 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) with a silane coupling agent. The structure of the organoclay‐modified PMDI with the silane coupling agent was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. Transmission electron micrographs and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction patterns showed that the interlayer distance increased for the PU/organoclay nanocomposites with the addition of the silane coupling agent. It was expected that the distance between the organoclay layers would increase and that the organoclay would be dispersed on a nanoscale in the PU matrix because of the organic/inorganic hybrid bond formation between the organoclay and silane coupling agent. Compressive and flexural strengths of the PU/silane coupling agent/organoclay nanocomposite foams were similar to those of the PU/organoclay nanocomposite foams. However, the thermal conductivity appreciably decreased from 0.0250 to 0.0230 W/m h °C in the PU/silane coupling agent/organoclay nanocomposite foams. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the cell size of the PU/silane coupling agent/clay nanocomposite foams also decreased. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that the smaller cell size and lower thermal conductivity of the PU/silane coupling agent/organoclay nanocomposite foams were mainly due to enhanced exfoliation of the organoclay layers by the silane coupling reaction. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

PVC/改性废EMC粉复合材料结构和性能的研究

以电子元器件生产塑封过程中产生的废环氧模塑料(废EMC)作为填料,以模压成型的方法制备PVC/废EMC粉复合材料.研究了用硅烷偶联剂KH-550改性前后废EMC粉不同含量对复合材料力学性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料的微观结构和形貌,并研究了偶联剂的加入对复合材料耐热性能的影响.结果表明,KH-550明显提高了复合材料的力学性能,废EMC粉经改性后对复合材料起到了增强增韧作用,可相应增大填充量,有利于提高废料再利用率.KH-550的加入改善了废EMC粉和PVC基体间的界面结合性能,提高了复合材料的维卡软化温度.     

Effects of the Treatment of Al(OH)3 by a Silane Coupling Agent on the Tensile Properties of PVC/Al(OH)3 Composite

The present work deals with the study of a composite based on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) which is treated with different concentrations of the silane coupling agent N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

The composites containing untreated Al(OH)₃ and those treated with the coupling agent were prepared by melt mixing using a two-roll mill.

Analysis of the treated filler by means of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the formation of oligoaminosilanes resulting from the condensation of the silane coupling agent.

The tensile properties of the PVC/Al(OH)₃ composite reflected the effect of the addition of the mineral filler and also the influence of the chemical treatment on the interfacial adhesion. The incorporation of aluminum hydroxide into PVC resulted in an increase of Young's modulus and the yield stress.

From the calculation of a parameter B which was used to quantify the state of adhesion between the polymeric matrix and the filler, it was concluded that the surface chemical treatment of the filler with the silane coupling agent leads to higher reinforcement as a result of the interfacial interactions developed between PVC and Al(OH)_3.     

改性木纤维/PVC复合材料界面及性能的研究

比较了硅烷偶联剂处理、氢氧化钠溶液浸泡与硅烷偶联剂双重处理,接枝改性等3种木纤维表面处理方法对木纤维/PVC复合材料界面及性能的影响,通过扫描电镜照片发现接枝改性木纤维在PVC基体中分散更均匀,与PVC界面相容性好.接枝改性木纤维/PVC复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、断裂伸长率等力学性能有明显提高.最后分析了木纤维接枝改性处理时引发剂用量对复合材料力学性能的影响.     

PVC/纳米CaCO3复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂KH-570对纳米碳酸钙进行表面处理,然后通过熔融共混法制备聚氯乙烯/纳米碳酸钙(PVC/nano-CaCO3)复合材料,用透射电镜观察了nano-CaCO3粒子在PVC基体中的分散状况。随着nano-CaCO3用量的加大,复合材料的冲击强度和失重残余量都有所提高,热分解温度变化不大,玻璃化转变温度先下降然后又有所增加。     

改性凹凸棒土对软质聚氯乙烯中增塑剂抽出性的影响

采用硅烷偶联剂对凹凸棒土(ATP)纳米粒子一次改性后,再引入硬脂酸进行复合改性处理,得到了表面有机化、强疏水性的ATP,通过红外光谱分析、接触角测试、比表面积测试以及热重分析研究了改性前后ATP的结构和性能变化。采用熔融复合法制备了软质聚氯乙烯(PVC)/ATP纳米复合材料,测定其溶剂抽出性能、力学性能等。结果表明,复合改性后的ATP与PVC相容性较好,降低了PVC中增塑剂在溶剂中的抽出率,并提高了其力学性能。     

Effect of compatibilizer and silane coupling agent on physical properties of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/ethylene‐1‐butene copolymer/clay nanocomposite foams

In this study an attempt was made to obtain lower density of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/ethylene‐1‐butene copolymer (EtBC) foams without sacrificing mechanical properties. For this purpose EVA/EtBC/clay nanocomposite foams were prepared. To investigate the effect of compatibilizer and silane coupling agent on the physical properties of the EVA/EtBC/clay foams, maleic anhydride‐grafted EtBC (EtBC‐g‐MAH) and the most commonly used silane coupling agent in rubbers, bis(3‐triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (Si‐69) were used in the preparation of EVA/EtBC/clay nanocomposite foams. The formation of EVA/EtBC/clay nanocomposite foams was supported by X‐ray diffraction results. And, using a compatibilzer and silane coupling agent, lower density of EVA/EtBC/clay nanocomposite foams were obtained without sacrificing mechanical properties except compression set. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3259–3265, 2006     

改性椰壳粉／PVC复合材料结构和性能的研究

研究了偶联剂改性椰壳粉的种类及用量、椰壳粉的质量分数对椰壳粉／PVC复合材料性能的影响,并用扫描电镜（SEM）观察了拉伸断面。结果表明：硅烷偶联剂KH-550质量分数为2％时效果较好,拉伸强度提高了12．6％,冲击强度提高了30．6％;经过硅烷偶联剂KH-550改性,能增大椰壳粉填充质量分数,提高复合材料的维卡软化点温度,改善了椰壳粉纤维在PVC基体中分散性和相容性。     

Average mixing torque,tensile and impact properties,and thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride)/sawdust composites with different silane coupling agents

Unique explanations are given to describe changes in the mixing torque and tensile and impact properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/wood sawdust composites affected by various types and concentrations of silane coupling agents. Concentrations of 0.5–1.0 and 1.5 wt % coupling agent are recommended for the optimization of the tensile and impact properties of the composites, respectively. Changes in the tensile and impact properties of the composites with a low sawdust content were more sensitive to the addition of silane coupling agents than those with a high sawdust content. KBM603 was suitable for improving the tensile properties, whereas KBE603 is recommended for high impact resistance of the composites. The differences in the mechanical and thermal properties of the PVC/sawdust composites were dependent on the characteristics of the functional groups in the silane coupling agents used, such as hydrophilic level, number of functional groups, self‐condensation reaction, and effectiveness of the hydrolysis reaction. Silane coupling agents above 1.0 wt % resulted in an increase in polyene sequences in the PVC structure. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 213–221, 2005