动态固化增容聚丙烯/长玻璃纤维复合材料的研究

将动态固化技术应用于热塑性树脂/热固性树脂体系,制备动态固化聚丙烯(PP)/Jg氧树脂(EP)/长玻璃纤维(LGF)共混物.研究动态固化聚丙烯/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维共混物的力学性能和热性能,并用电子扫描显微镜考察共混物的微观形态.试验结果表明:当EP质量含量为4%时,试样的拉伸强度和弯曲强度达到最大值,共混物的弯曲模量随EP含量的增加而增加;在体系中加入EP会降低维卡软化点温度.     

动态固化聚丙烯／环氧树脂共混物流变性能与热性能研究

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（MAH-g-PP）增容的动态固化PP饼氧树脂（EP）共混物的流变性能和热性能。实验结果表明，动态固化PP／EP／MAH—g—PP共混物属于假塑性流体，与PP／EP共混物相比，动态固化共混物表观黏度明显增加，随EP用量的增加，动态固化PP／EP／MAH-g-PP共混物的表观黏度逐渐增大。动态固化PP／EP／MAH-g—PP共混物维卡软化点明显高于PP，当EP的用量超过10质量％，共混物的维卡软化点反而有所下降。动态固化PP／EP／MAH-g-PP共混物具有较好的热稳定性，随EP用量的增加，共混物的热稳定性有所提高。     

尼在6／聚丙烯共混体系研究进展

制备性能优良的尼龙6／聚丙烯（PA6／PP）共混物，需要解决的关键问题是PP在PA6树脂中的分解及界面相容性，年近来，PA6／PP相容性研究主要是引入第三组分作共混物的增容剂，综述了PA6／PP共混物的最新研究及发展趋势。     

增容剂对PP/回收PET共混物性能的影响

采用熔融共混的方法,制备了聚丙烯(PP)/回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(r-PET)共混物,研究了增容剂甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-GMA)对共混物力学性能、热稳定性的影响。结果表明:增容剂的加入能提高共混物的拉伸强度和拉伸模量;加入增容剂能显著提高共混物的热分解温度,增容剂使r-PET的熔点降低;增容剂对PP的结晶性能影响与熔融温度有关。     

聚丙烯/聚氯乙烯共混物阻燃性能的研究

选用聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)为增容剂,以聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)不相容体系为基体,采用双螺杆挤出机制备了PP/PVC共混物混合料。研究了不同PVC组分比及增容剂对PP/PVC共混体系阻燃性能的影响;并对PP/PVC体系的综合性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着PVC用量的增加,PP/PVC共混体系的阻燃性能逐渐变好,力学性能大幅下降。增容剂PP-g-MAH能够明显改善PP/PVC共混体系的力学性能,当其用量为4份时体系的力学性能较好。添加阻燃协效剂Sb2O3可以明显提高PP/PVC共混体系的阻燃性能。     

动态固化PP /PP-g-MAH /EP共混物非等温结晶动力学研究

利用差示扫描量热方法研究了马来酸配接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)增容动态固化聚丙烯(PP) /环氧树脂(EP)共混物非等温结晶过程,并运用(hawa方程和Kissinger方程进行相关数据处理,同时研究共混物晶体结构。结果表明,动态固化PP/PP-g-MAH/EP共混物中EP颗粒可明显促进PP的结晶,(hawa方程可以有效处理PP和共混物非等温结晶过程,在相同温度下共混物中PP的结晶速率常数[K}(T)〕大于纯PP的[K} (T)]。依据Kissinger方程,共混物中PP的结晶活化能(4E)明显小于纯PP的,在EP含量为20份(质量份数,下同)时,4E有一极小值。偏光显微镜显示PP的晶粒是典型的球形结构,其晶粒尺寸明显大于动态固化PP /PP-g-MAH/EP共混物中PP晶粒尺寸。     

PP/PP-g-GMA/EP共混物的制备与性能!

采用熔融共混的方法,制备了聚丙烯(PP)/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-GMA)/环氧树脂(EP)共混物,研究了固化剂4,4二氨基二苯甲烷(DDM)和相容剂PP-g-GMA对共混过程扭矩的影响,探讨了共混物的力学性能,讨论了EP固化与相容剂对共混物热稳定性与结晶性能的影响。结果表明,加入固化剂和相容剂提高了共混扭矩,加入相容剂提高了共混物的拉伸强度与模量,但降低了断裂伸长率,环氧固化与相容剂提高了共混物的最大分解速率温度和PP的结晶温度。     

ATBN/MP复合增容NBR/PP热塑性硫化胶

研究了端氨基液体丁腈橡胶(ATBN)和马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MP)对NBR／PP共混体系的增容效果。采用TEM,SEM,DSC分析了NBR／PP共混体系的相态结构及其PP的结晶行为。结果表明,ATBN／MP是NBR／PP共混体系较理想的增容剂,当ATBN用量为5份,MP为10份时,增容效果最佳;增容剂存在一个临界胶束浓度(CMC),当增容剂浓度大于CMC时,增客剂的增容作用变差。增容良好的NBR／PP共混体系经过动态硫化后,可制备相态结构精细、性能优异的NBR／PP热塑性硫化胶;界面结合加强后,其流动性能略有下降。     

增容聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯共混物的相形态

综述了作为增容剂的接枝共聚物与嵌段共聚物,反应增容,其他技术增容以及共混条件对聚丙烯／聚苯乙烯(PP,PS)共混物的相形态研究进展。PP／PS共混物通过增容可以改善共混物相形态和提高界面粘结,这为提高PP／PS共混物的物理与力学性能提供了依据。     

高性能NBR/PP热塑性硫化胶的制备与研究

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MP)、氯化聚丙烯(CPP)以及端胺基液体丁腈橡胶(ATBN)和马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯复合增容剂对NBR／PP共混体系的增容效果。采用溴化树脂体系、酚醛树脂体系和DCP体系。分别对共混体系的动态硫化效果进行了讨论。研究了DOP和聚酯对共混体系的增塑效果及耐油效果的影响。对TPV的相态结构、力学性能和耐热油性能研究表明：用ATBN／MP增容的共混体系经酚醛树脂动态硫化后，可以获得相态结构精细、性能优异的TPV；聚酯增塑剂是NBR／PP共混体系的一种比较理想的增塑剂。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。