步进电机控制系统的设计及其应用

介绍了基于MSP430F149单片机的步进电机控制系统的设计。在硬件部分,描述了该系统的硬件配置和工作原理;在软件部分,分析了单片机控制程序和步进电机运动的设计过程。该系统具有研制成本低且扩展好的特点,并具有软件功能强、操作使用简便等优点,满足了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环(HIRFL-CSR)系统中对五相步进电机的各种控制要求。     

数字化LLRF频调环路的步进电机控制算法设计

本文介绍用于超导高频腔频率调谐环路控制中具有自动联锁保护功能的二相步进电机的控制算法。设计以可编程门阵列(FPGA)为核心部件,采用低频启动,逐步升频过渡到稳定工作状态,实现步进电机的平稳运行;通过设置联锁控制信号回路,实现步进电机在运动过程中的超限自动联锁保护功能。测试结果显示,通过优化设置不同的启动频率,不同的升频速度,实现了步进电机在上海光源超导高频腔上的稳定运行。     

230 MeV超导回旋加速器Trim-rod驱动系统测试实验方案

正在230 MeV超导回旋加速器的中心区,为了最小化参考粒子的径向振荡,需要使用磁场调节棒(Trim-rod)产生一定幅值和相位一次谐波,修正参考粒子的径向位置。磁场调节棒通过步进电机驱动上下移动,因此实现对步进电机良好的控制显得十分必要。步进电机驱动器和控制器到步进电机的距离约为50m,因此驱动脉冲及传感器的反馈信号直接影响步进电机的控制性能。因此设计了一套Trim-rod驱动系统测试50m电缆长时的反馈信号衰减情况,测试实验方案如图1所示。本方案采用具有编程和调试功能的智能型步     

X射线用靶与过滤器自动控制系统

采用单片机技术，通过控制步进电机来实现Ｘ射线校准实验室中自动更换标准辐射场的控制。该控制系统大大提高了工作效率，保证了靶位及过滤材料放置的准确性。     

多单片机在放射性试剂分装仪中的应用

放射性试剂分装仪通过液晶显示器和键盘实现人机交互，5个高精度的步进电机实现吸液臂的三维定位和大小针筒吸液量的控制。在整个分装系统中共用到了6片单片机，所有单片机通过串行口连接成一个相互协作的系统，实现了医用放射性试剂的高精度、零污染分装和稀释。     

一种微机化穆斯堡尔谱仪波形发生器

基于８７５１单片机的穆斯堡尔谱仪波形发生器用１２位Ｄ／Ａ转换器产生高线性度的三角波电压基准信号，并用８位Ｄ／Ａ转换器精确地控制三角波电压基准信号的幅度，同步信号和步进信号可任意延迟，以获取高质量的折叠谱。该波形姨生器可通过面板上的ＤＩＰ开关或ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ等微机的串行口实现控制。     

γ射线参考辐射场控制装置的研制

介绍了γ射线参考辐射场建立中控制装置硬件组成和软件设计。硬件由微机、步进电机探测卡、步进电机驱动器和步进电机等器件组成。软件采用Tubro C语言编写。     

电子枪束流截面测量系统

电子枪束流截面测量系统采用单片机控制步进电机驱动测试丝在束流下快速扫描,同时完成束流的数据采集,通过Matlab实现立体图的输出,从而判断电子枪的工作情况。用此系统在5mA束流下进行了测试,得到了束斑直径(13-14mm)和截面束流密度矩阵。     

西安脉冲堆控制棒控制监视系统

西安脉冲堆控制棒驱动机构采用步进电机作为执行部件，与其相适应的控制棒控制系统采用了单片机芯片电路和大功率VMOS管，控制棒位置探测器显示系统采用接近开关和数字显示。经综合试验和堆上运行考验证明，该系统设计合理、性能良好、精确度高，具有很好的推广价值。     

简单可靠的双探针束流剖面仪

本文介绍了步进电机驱动的双探针束流剖面仪。它可以测量强直流离子束中的束流分布。其扫描速度和步长均可调节,并同时记录在X-Y记录仪上。由于采用了步进电机,使得定位准确,重复性好。本文还对探针测量方法作了理论分析,并给出选取探针直径的原则。     

The Design of a Nonlinear Reactor Control System

The design procedure for a nonlinear reactor control system is described. The control system contains two nonlinearities, separated by a linear section: a dead-band, normally used to reduce the noise excitation of the control system, and a gear backlash, which in this case is particularly important, due to the fact that the control elements are cylinders with limited effective angular range. The type of electrical motors was also defined (Slo-Syn motors, which can operate as synchronous or stepping motors). The work has been developed using analog and analytical methods in parallel, and the final control scheme (a velocity servo with stepping motors) has been throughly tested on the analog computer with noisy inputs, and theoretically studied with a describing function method extended to the case of systems with multiple nonlinearities connected by linear sections.     

A tunable collimator for precision irradiation with ion microbeams

We describe a cheap yet effective beam collimation system capable of providing square apertures from 1 mm down to about 10 μm. The tunable part is driven by two manual micrometers, one controlling the shape the other the size, which could be immediately replaced by high precision stepping motors should remote control be needed. The aperture was calibrated by means of a simple home-made laser diffraction system which allows a considerable precision. The collimation system was used to produce low-divergence beams of oxygen and protons, in order to test the position sensitivity of a silicon microstrip telescope detector.     

2011 Status of the automatic alignment system for the National Ignition Facility

Automated alignment for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is accomplished using a large-scale parallel control system that directs 192 laser beams along the 300 m optical path. The beams are then focused down to a 50 μ spot in the middle of the target chamber. The entire process is completed in less than 50 min. The alignment system commands 9000 stepping motors for extremely precise adjustment of mirrors and other optics. 41 control loops per beamline perform parallel processing services running on a LINUX cluster to analyze high-resolution images of the beams and their references. This paper describes the status the NIF automatic alignment system and the challenges encountered as NIF development has transitioned from building the laser, to becoming a research project supporting a 24 h, 7 days/week laser facility. NIF is now a continuously operated system where performance monitoring is increasingly more critical for operation, maintenance, and commissioning tasks. Equipment wear and the effects of high energy neutrons from fusion experiments are issues which affect alignment efficiency and accuracy. New sensors needing automatic alignment assistance are common. System modifications to improve efficiency and accuracy are prevalent. Handling these evolving alignment and maintenance needs while minimizing the impact on NIF experiment schedule is expected to be an on-going challenge for the planned 30 year operational life of NIF.     

Fast radial scanning probe system on KTX

A fast radial scanning probe system was constructed for the Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX) to measure the profiles of boundary plasma parameters such as floating potential, electron density,temperature, transport fluxes, etc. The scanning probe system is driven by slow and fast motion mechanisms, corresponding to the stand-by movement of a stepping motor and the fast scanning movement of a high-torque servo-motor, respectively. In fast scanning, the scanner drives the probe radially up to 20 cm at a maximum velocity of 4.0 m s~(-1). A noncontact magnetic grating ruler with a high spatial resolution of 5 μm is used for the displacement measurement. New scanning probe can reach the center of plasmas rapidly. The comparison of plasma floating potential profiles obtained by a fixed radial rake probe and the single scanning probe suggests that the high-speed scanning probe system is reliable for measuring edge plasma parameter profiles on the KTX device.     

基于EPICS的运动控制系统

介绍了光束线运动控制系统总体设计、MAXv运动控制器在步进和伺服系统中的应用以及基于EPICS的运动控制系统软件,实现了对四刀口狭缝的运动控制,并进行了精度测试和分析.     

一种微束X射线衍射仪及其应用研究

本文研究了一种微束X射线衍射仪,并对其硬件、软件和性能进行了介绍。该衍射仪采用毛细管X光透镜将X射线束会聚到μm量级,并通过由PLC和步进电机等组成的闭环运动控制系统调节三维样品台来实现对样品微区的物相分析和物相的二维扫描分析。利用自行开发的控制软件实现了微区X射线衍射分析和微区能量色散X射线荧光分析两种模式。为了验证设备的可行性,采用本微束X射线衍射仪以微区X射线衍射的方式扫描了苹果手机主板的焊锡接触点上1.0 mm×0.6 mm的区域,得到了区域内SnO₂(3 1 2)的晶相分布图。此外,利用本微束X射线衍射仪分析了1片清代红绿彩瓷表面的白色瓷釉和彩料中钾长石和钙长石等主要的晶相,这些实验数据可为古代瓷器的烧制工艺提供有益的参考。因此,这种微束X射线衍射仪在材料、文物保护等研究领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

用于PC机的步进电机控制接口板

研制了用于ＰＣ机的ＳＭＣ－１型步进电机控制接口板，以此为主体组成了步进电机控制系统，并对其硬件，软件及应用作简要介绍。     

Validation of the Semi-Implicit Algorithm Time Stepping for MH4D

We present the validation of the semi-implicit time stepping method for MH4D, a resistive magnetohydrodynamic finite volume code on a tetrahedral unstructured mesh. The time steps for standard explicit methods, which are constrained by the Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) condition, are typically small for simulations of EC experiments due to the large sound and Alfvén speeds. The CFL constraint on time stepping is more severe with a tetrahedral mesh. The implemented semi-implicit algorithm removes these fast waves constraint, thus allowing for larger time steps. For our validation problems, we see a significant increase in time step size due to the semi-implicit time stepping without effecting the physics.