Nd2O3掺杂BaTiO3陶瓷的结构和电性能研究

研究了组份为Ｂａ１－ｘＮｄｘＴｉＯ３（ｘ＝０．００２－０．０４）陶瓷的结构和电性能，实验结果表明：当０．００２≤ｘ≤０．００４时，轻度Ｎｄ２Ｏ３掺杂的ＢａＴｉＯ３陶瓷呈半导体；而当０．０１２≤ｘ≤０．０４时呈绝缘性。ＢａＴｉＯ３陶瓷的室温电阻率ρｖ随Ｎｄ＾３＋含量的变化呈Ｕ型特曲线。组份为Ｂａ０．９９７０Ｎｄ０．００３０ＴｉＯ３的材料具有最低的ρｖ和最佳的ＰＴＣＲ效应，相应于最大的平均晶粒尺寸和最     

不同气氛烧结镨掺杂BaTiO3的介电性能

用传统固相反应法,在氮气和空气气氛中烧结制备Ba1–xPrxTiO3(x=0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,摩尔分数)陶瓷样品。用X射线衍射和扫描电镜表征样品的结构和形貌,并测试样品的电性能,结果表明:当x=0.02时,样品的相对介电常数随温度的变化较平缓,但是空气气氛中烧结样品的相对介电常数较氮气气氛中烧结样品的大;镨离子掺杂样品的相对介电常数随偏压的变化也较稳定。当x=0.02时,氮气气氛烧结样品的电可调率为19.4%;镨离子掺杂样品的铁电性下降,剩余极化强度为0.5683mC/cm2。     

二氧化锡不同掺杂方式对钛酸钡介电性能的影响

研究了二氧化锡不同掺杂方式对钛酸钡介电性能的影响。采用固相法制备出掺杂比例为2mol%SnO2&BaO、2mol%SnO2和4mol%SnO2三组不同方式SnO2掺杂钛酸钡样品。结果表明,两种掺杂方式对钛酸钡的作用效果截然不同,SnO2-BaO共掺杂会以BaSnO3的形式固溶入钛酸钡晶格,从而增大其介电常数,减小居里温度,同时介电损耗不会增大;SnO2单独掺杂则会引入Sn4+杂质离子,造成钛酸钡介电常数的减小以及介电损耗的增大,导致介电性能的劣化。     

水热法制备BaTiO3粉体

以Ｂａ（ＯＨ）２·８Ｈ２Ｏ和ＴｉＯ２为前驱物,在水热条件下制得了单一物相的ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体中产生裂纹等发现产物的物相与反应温度和前驱物的Ｂａ,Ｔｉ摩尔比有关,由负离子配位多面体生长基元模型分析了ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体的形成机理,指出了形成ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体的生长基元为Ｂａ（ＯＨ）１２＾１０－和Ｔｉ（ＯＨ）６＾２－,由此比较合理地解释了粉体的物相以及Ｂａ,Ｔｉ摩尔比对ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体形成的影响。     

超细BaTiO3陶瓷晶粒尺寸对介电性能的影响

通过对粒径均匀分布的细晶粒纯BaTiO3陶瓷介电性能研究发现,陶瓷的介电常数和介电损耗随晶粒粒度发生明显变化。随晶粒的减小,相变弥散,Curie温度降低,介电常数和介电损耗减小。平均晶粒度280nm的样品具有高的室温介电常数,部分晶粒仍保持铁电相结构是导致高介电常数的原因。     

水热法制备(Na0.82K0.18)0.5Bi0.5TiO3陶瓷粉体及其介电性能研究

以NaNO3,KNO3,Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和Ti(OC4H9)4为原料,NaOH为矿化剂,采用水热法成功制备了(Na0.82K0.18)0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NKBT)粉体.研究了反应温度、反应时间和NaOH浓度对NKBT粉体制备的影响.运用XRD、SEM对制备的NKBT粉体进行了测试.测试结果显示,通过调整水热反应条件可对NKBT粉体的微观形貌进行控制.采用传统烧结法可将水热法制备的NKBT粉体烧结为致密的NKBT陶瓷.     

BaTiO3／环氧树脂／玻璃纤维复合材料介电性能研究

本文运用热压工艺制备了BaTiO3（BT）／环氧树脂／玻璃纤维和BaTiO3／炭黑／环氧树脂／玻璃纤维复合材料,研究了温度、填料含量和交流频率对复合材料的介电性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的介电常数（εr）和介电损耗（tanδ）随肌体积分数的增加而升高。当肌体积分数为17％时,复合材料在1MHz下的εr和tanδ分别为7.88和0.027。当炭黑的含量为1.0％时,明含量为17％的复合材料εr和tanδ分别为11.0和0.035。随着频率的升高,复合材料的εr降低,而介电损耗升高。复合材料的εr随温度升高而增加。     

PVDF/BaTiO3@SiO2复合薄膜制备与介电性能

通过溶胶凝胶法制备不同尺寸的BaTiO3@SiO2复合微球并利用混合辊压法成形聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)/BaTiO3@SiO2复合薄膜,通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜表征其微观结构,并测试了复合材料的介电常数及介电损耗特性.结果表明,BaTiO3@SiO2复合颗粒与偏二氟乙烯共混热压成形方法,提高了无机颗粒的均匀分...     

Mn掺杂BaTi4O9陶瓷结构和介电性能

用电子陶瓷工艺制备主晶相为BaTiO9(BT4)的介电陶瓷,研究用锰掺杂的BaTi4O9陶瓷的结构和介电性能。XRD研究表明BaTiO9属正交晶系,空间群Pmmn,晶格常数为a=1.453nm,b=0.379nm,c=0.629nm,每个原胞有两个分子,钛原子位于变形的氧八面体之中。这种氧八面体的极化类似于或大于在BaTiO3和PbTiO3铁电相观察到的极化。锰掺杂极大地增强了Q值,在1MHz下测得的Q值为12500。而没有掺杂的陶瓷有高的损耗,这可能是由于在空气中烧结时形成的Ti^3 ,显然锰的作用是在缺陷平衡中作为一种补偿剂,依据反应：Mn^3 Ti^3 →Mn^2 Ti^4 ,可能有助于Ti^4 的形成,BaTi4O9陶瓷具有优良的介电性能;低介质损耗、中等介电常数和介电常数温度系数。此种陶瓷造成多层陶瓷电容器开拓了一种新的应用领域。     

Zn掺杂BaTiO3微粉的微波水热合成

以钛酸丁酯、硝酸钡和醋酸锌为原料,采用微波水热法制备了掺锌的BaTiO3微粉。利用XRD和SEM对产物进行了表征。研究表明,掺杂后锌固溶到了钛酸钡的晶格中并取代钡位或钛位。微波水热合成锌掺杂钛酸钡微粉温度更低,同时反应速率明显提高。     

水热反应条件对合成BaTiO3纳米粉体影响的研究

通过正交实验法,对不同钡钛比、反应温度、保温时间进行了水热合成钛酸钡纳米粉体的实验研究,对所得粉体进行了DTA,XRD,TEM等分析表征,分析研究了不同水热反应条件对合成钛酸钡纳米粉体的影响。     

Nanosized Barium Titanate Powder by Mechanical Activation

Mechanical activation, without any additional heat treatment, is used to trigger the formation of a perovskite BaTiO₃ phase in an oxide matrix that consists of BaO and TiO₂ in a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting BaTiO₃ powder exhibits a well-established nanocrystalline structure, as indicated by phase analysis using X-ray diffractometry. A crystallite size of ∼14 nm is calculated, based on the half-width of the BaTiO₃ (110) peak, using the Scherrer equation, and an average particle size of 20–30 nm is observed using transmission electron microscopy for the activation-derived BaTiO₃ powder.     

BaTiO3粉体的水热法合成

本文阐述了水热合成粉体的一般原理及其与其它方法相比的特点。讨论了水热合成BaTiO3粉体的基本机理（包括原位转变机理和溶解－沉淀机理）、影响因素和存在的一些问题。     

Preparation of Tetragonal Barium Titanate Thin Film on Titanium Metal Substrate by Hydrothermal Method

Tetragonal BaTiO₃ thin films were prepared directly on Ti metal substrates in Ba(OH)₂ solutions by a hydrothermal method at temperatures 400° to 800°C for 5 to 240 min. The film thickness estimated from weight gain of Ti plate was in the range from 0.5 to 2.5 μm, and it increased with increasing treatment temperature, treatment time, and Ba(OH)₂ concentration. Rectangular crystals having {100} and {001} faces grew idiomorphically with approximate crystal size of 0.3 to 2.0 μm. The tetragonality of the BaTiO₃ films became apparent when the average crystal size exceeded about 1 μm. Lattice parameters of the films were a = 3.994 Å, c = 4.035 Å, and c/a = 1.010. The films formed above 600°C had preferred orientation showing stronger XRD peaks of h 00 and 00 l than the other peaks.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tetragonal Barium Titanate from Barium Chloride and Titanium Tetrachloride under Moderate Conditions

Tetragonal BaTiO₃powders were prepared hydrothermally at 240°C, in only 12 h, using BaCl₂·2H₂O and TiCl₄, which are rather easy to manipulate. Characterization via X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that increasing the NaOH excess concentration (from 0.5 M to 2.0 M ) and decreasing the initial TiCl₄concentration (from 0.625 M to 0.15 M ) promotes the formation of tetragonal BaTiO₃powders. After reaction, the powders were proved to be phase-pure BaTiO₃, with no impurities, such as Cl⁻ and CO₃²⁻.     

XPS Analysis of Submicrometer Barium Titanate Powder

A commercial submicrometer BaTiO₃ powder was analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analysis revealed the powder surfaces to be covered with a layer of physisorbed H₂O and chemisorbed –OH ions. A BaCO₃ residual not detected with XPS was shown to be present in the powder using X-ray diffraction, suggesting that the carbonate takes the form of discrete particles rather than of a continuous surface layer. A relaxed surface phase detected in previous XPS analyses of bulk BaTiO₃ was also shown to be present. Depth profiling revealed the powder surfaces to be Ti-rich, confirming the presence of a phase, or phases, to stoichiometrically balance the barium carbonate.     

Defect Chemistry and Microstructure of Hydrothermal Barium Titanate

Hydrothermal powders of BaTiO₃ and (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O₃ contain large amounts of protons in the oxygen sublattice. The proton defects are compensated by vacancies on metal sites. When the powder is annealed, water is released and the point defects disappear in the temperature range of 100°–600°C. Metal and oxygen vacancies combine to small nanometer-sized intragranular pores. At temperatures of >800°C, the intragranular pores migrate to the grain boundaries and disappear. In multilayer ceramic capacitors that have been prepared from hydrothermal powders, the intragranular pores are preferentially collected at the inner electrodes, which results in bloating, cracks, and delamination.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Ultrafine Barium Titanate Powder by Using Microbial-Derived Surfactant

To uniformly disperse ultrafine BaTiO₃ particles with a stoichiometric composition and several tens of nanometers in diameter to primary particles during the sol–gel synthesis process, a new aqueous surfactant with a high hydrophilic group density and special cis-structure was prepared from a microbial product and added to solution before the sol–gel synthesis reaction. Because of the rapid formation of large and porous aggregates which were 30–50 μm in diameter in suspension without addition of this unique structural surfactant, the prepared ultrafine BaTiO₃ particles caused rapid sedimentation in suspension. The addition of the surfactant in the range of 7.1 wt% for the synthesized BaTiO₃ particles made it possible to decrease the size of the aggregates in suspension as well as the sedimentation velocity while maintaining the stoichiometric composition. The optimum additive content to obtain the minimum aggregate size of about 100–200 nm in diameter and the highest dispersion stability in suspension while maintaining the stoichiometric composition of prepared ultrafine BaTiO₃ particles without other phases was determined at about 7.1 wt%. Because the excess addition of this surfactant at more than 8.5 wt% inhibited the uniform synthesis of BaTiO₃ particles, an amorphous phase with a highly specific surface area and a BaCO₃ phase formed in the synthesized particles.     

Tetragonal Nanocrystalline Barium Titanate Powder: Preparation, Characterization, and Dielectric Properties

Nanocrystalline tetragonal-BaTiO₃ powder was prepared using a hydrothermal method, under moderate conditions, and with a high precursor concentration. Characterization via X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that the average particle size and tetragonal content of the prepared powder were 70 nm and 80%, respectively. The sintered sample made from the prepared powder had a room-temperature dielectric constant of 6900, which was high for BaTiO₃.