可产生任意偏振方向太赫兹波的光电导太赫兹辐射源

基于太赫兹时域光谱（THz-TDS）系统，使用两个相互垂直的光电导天线构建了1×2 GaAs光电导太赫兹源阵列。通过调控各个阵元的偏置电压，对其辐射太赫兹波的偏振方向进行研究。结果表明：在已实现光电导发射天线阵列的高效合成以及可同时检测脉冲太赫兹波的振幅、相位及偏振态的探测天线的基础上，通过调控各个阵元的偏置电压分别改变了平行和垂直两个阵元辐射太赫兹波的强度；经过1×2 GaAs光电导太赫兹源阵列在远场的同步合成，可产生不同偏振方向的脉冲太赫兹波，实现了以全电控的方式产生任意偏振方向太赫兹波的光电导太赫兹辐射源。     

气体等离子体产生太赫兹波的特性研究

基于光电流模型,对不同偏振情况的双色飞秒激光脉冲聚焦产生的气体等离子体中辐射出的太赫兹波特性进行了研究。根据光电流理论,气体分子被电离释放出的自由电子在非对称的激光场的作用下运动形成电子电流,产生在太赫兹波段的辐射。研究结果表明,太赫兹辐射的偏振特性与强度和入射双色激光的偏振特性紧密相关,仅当双色脉冲均为线偏振时,辐射出的太赫兹波才为线偏振,且强度受到双色脉冲偏振方向的夹角的影响;而对于实验中经过倍频晶体后变成椭圆偏振的基频光,太赫兹强度与倍频晶体的具体放置情况有很大关系,并且产生的太赫兹为椭圆偏振。     

圆偏振周期量级红外激光脉冲驱动产生太赫兹辐射

研究了周期量级的圆偏振激光在空气中成丝产生太赫兹辐射的偏振特性。将中心波长1.8 m、脉宽8.6 fs 的圆偏振红外激光脉冲聚焦到空气中,形成等离子体细丝,产生太赫兹辐射。通过测量太赫兹辐射的偏振状态,和偏振方向与驱动激光载波-包络相位的关系,发展太赫兹波偏振控制的方法。实验结果表明,太赫兹辐射为椭圆偏振,而且偏振平面随着驱动激光载波-包络相位的变化而转动。这对太赫兹波的偏振控制有重要意义,并为周期量级激光载波-包络相位的测量提供了新方法。     

金属线栅结构中太赫兹波偏振特性的研究

利用飞秒微加工和磁控溅射技术,在熔融石英衬底上设计并制作了不同结构的金属线栅,通过太赫兹时域光谱系统研究了线栅结构对太赫兹波偏振透射特性的影响,并用有限时域差分法对实验结果进行了模拟验证.分析了影响S和P两个偏振方向太赫兹波透射的物理机制.为制作太赫兹波段偏振器件提供了有益的参考.     

超快激光成丝产生太赫兹波的研究

研究了超快激光脉冲成丝辐射太赫兹(Terahertz, THz)波.考虑到THz 波在安全检查和国防建设等方面具有十分重要的意义, 文中总结了超快激光成丝产生太赫兹波的物理机制和控制技术, 并对各种相关理论和技术进行了分析.文章从理论模型、偏振特性和远场角分布情况等方面来介绍物理机制, 并探讨为满足应用需求的控制技术, 主要包括强度、偏振和波形控制.研究表明, 超快激光成丝辐射太赫兹波的产生方式、理论模型和控制形式均有多种, 其中理论模型主要包括四波混频模型和光电流模型, 强度控制技术主要包括双色场泵浦和在光丝通道两侧施加偏压.     

离轴涡旋光束诱导空气等离子体产生太赫兹波

使用涡旋光束代替高斯光束作为产生光源,研究了涡旋光束产生太赫兹波的过程。探究了具有不同拓扑荷数的涡旋光束在产生太赫兹波时的差异,相位奇点的位置对产生太赫兹波的影响,不同脉冲强度和激光波长下涡旋光束产生的太赫兹波能量、频谱和偏振的变化。结果表明,产生的太赫兹波强度会随涡旋光束拓扑荷数的变化而变化,并且与涡旋中心的位置密切相关。涡旋光束所产生的太赫兹波随脉冲强度和激光波长的变化趋势与高斯光束一致。高斯光束与涡旋光束产生的太赫兹波在频谱和偏振上的变化趋势一致。     

耦合级联光学差频高效产生太赫兹波的研究

本文提出了一种耦合级联光学差频（CCDFG）高效产生太赫兹波的方法。利用耦合光学参量效应产生的双信号光和双闲频光在同一块非周期极化铌酸锂（APPLN）晶体中分别激励一套级联光学差频（CDFG）并产生太赫兹波。频率、偏振方向、传播方向完全相同的太赫兹波将两套CDFG强烈地耦合在一起。CCDFG可以利用两套CDFG共同产生并放大太赫兹波,而产生的太赫兹波又反过来增强CCDFG,进一步驱动CCDFG向更高阶斯托克斯差频扩展,从而大幅提高了太赫兹波能量转换效率。经计算可知,在100 K和300 K温度下,CCDFG产生太赫兹波的能量转换效率分别为37%和4.6%,比相同条件下双信号光和双闲频光激励的两套CDFG的能量转换效率之和分别提高了40%和60%以上。     

低温生长砷化镓光电导天线产生太赫兹波的辐射特性

研究了低温生长砷化镓光电导天线(LT-GaAs PCA)产生太赫兹(THz)波的辐射特性。利用太赫兹时域光谱(TDS)技术测量了光电导发射极在飞秒激光作用下辐射的太赫兹脉冲,得到了时域发射光谱,并通过快速傅里叶变换(FFT)得到相应的频域光谱。结果表明,低温砷化镓光电导天线产生的太赫兹波信号比飞秒激光激发半导体表面产生的太赫兹波信号具有更高的强度和信噪比;太赫兹波信号与光电导天线的偏置电压成线性关系;随着抽运激光功率的增强,太赫兹波信号增大并出现饱和。     

基于液体对太赫兹脉冲进行高灵敏探测

由于液体（尤其是液态水）对太赫兹波的强吸收,以液体为介质的太赫兹波产生和探测长期以来被认为是无法实现的。本文综述了基于液体的太赫兹相干探测方法,此方法能在更低的探测激光能量下实现更高的探测灵敏度,可以解决目前基于固体和空气的探测方法遇到的探测频带受限、探测激光能量过高的问题。该探测方法的工作机理被归结为飞秒激光与太赫兹波在液体等离子体中的四波混频过程,因此太赫兹波与探测激光、产生的二次谐波间的场强、偏振具有简单的依赖关系,这使得此方法具有良好的稳定性,并可用于太赫兹波偏振敏感光谱的检测。液态水对太赫兹波的强吸收限制了检测灵敏度的进一步提高,可以利用其他液体或溶液替代纯水来降低太赫兹波的吸收,提高探测灵敏度,这对于该探测方法的进一步推广具有重要意义。     

蝶形天线增强的HEMT室温太赫兹探测器

介绍了一种基于GaN/AlGaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)的高速、高灵敏度室温太赫兹探测器。在太赫兹波辐射下,HEMT源漏端产生直流光电流,并能被栅压灵敏地调控。探测器中新颖的蝶形天线设计使接收到的太赫兹电场得到显著增强,提高了探测器的响应度。通过测量探测器对不同偏振方向的太赫兹光的响应,有效验证了蝶形天线对太赫兹电场的增强作用。室温下,探测器的等效噪声功率约为5×10-10W/Hz21,平均响应度达42mA/W。实验结果表明,光电流的产生与二维电子气沟道的场效应特性和入射太赫兹波电场在电子沟道中的分布密切相关。自混频理论能很好地描述实验结果。     

Building a in a flash supercomputer

A flash mob is a group of strangers, organized over the Internet, that comes together briefly, acts out a predetermined scenario-often something as simple as clapping for 30 seconds-and then disperses. A supercomputer is a very fast and powerful computer that outperforms most mainframes, at a cost, typically, of millions of dollars. Can a flash mob build a supercomputer? It can sure try, and so it did on 3 April at the University of San Francisco's Koret athletic center. The goal was to run the Linpack benchmark, a standard method of assessing the speed of supercomputers, to achieve a speed of at least 403 gigaflops (billion floating point operations per second). This would be fast enough to earn the system a place on the list of the world's fastest 500 supercomputers. The goal was not reached. The group reached just 180 gigaflops before it was time to pack up the computers and go home. However, even though the San Francisco effort fell short of speed goal, it did ignite imaginations.     

一年之间，物换星移

去年的这个时候,供货商们还在为生存而挣扎。如今,2009年的年报已经公布,许多供应商的年报业绩之好,就连最乐观的分析师也始料未及。这种变化的原因很简单：供应商们大幅削减成本,接下来是强劲的需求,这又导致了随后高企的设备利用率。     

On a wing and a prayer

Aircraft giants Boeing and Airbus are pinning their hopes on very different visions of how air travel will evolve in the coming decade.     

Cooperative control of a human and a robot manipulator for positioning a cart on a frictionless plane

Robots may be expected to execute some tasks in cooperation with humans. Control systems for such robots should be appropriate to adapt to human characteristics in order to successfully accomplish the task. Pushing a cart on a frictionless plane in cooperation with a human is a basic example to such a task. To control the motion of an object from one point to another on a frictionless plane is impossible by only pushing in one direction without supporting it in the opposite direction, since as soon as the force is applied, the object will move without stopping its motion. In this paper, compliant cooperative positioning of a cart on a frictionless plane by a human and a manipulator is proposed using impedance control method with the parameters obtained from human–human cooperation.     

基于智能手机压电基片上微液滴位置分析章

为了降低微流分析成本,该文提出了基于智能手机检测压电基片上目标微液滴方法,并开发出相应的应用软件,通过分析微液滴颜色信息和几何信息定位目标微液滴位置,结合分析时间获取微液滴输运速度。为验证提出方法的正确性,以5 μL黑色墨水溶液微液滴为研究对象,进行压电基片上微液滴识别和位置分析实验。结果表明,该文所提方法和开发的应用软件可识别和定位压电基片上微液滴,在功率为27.5 dBm时,第2~10 s段内微液滴输运速度为0.416 mm/s。     

Analysis of a coaxial-to-waveguide adaptor including a discendedprobe and a tuning post

A field matching analysis of a coaxial-to-waveguide adaptor incorporating a disc-ended probe and a tuning post is presented. In this analysis, the tuning post is considered as a short-circuited second probe. A computer algorithm for calculating the input impedance of this structure is developed. This algorithm is used to investigate and improve the operation of a commercially available coaxial-to-waveguide adaptor     

Transmission-Line Properties of a Strip on a Dielectric Sheet on a Plane

The subject is a strip Iine formed of a strip and a parallel ground plane separated by a dielectric sheet (commonly termed "microstrip"). Building on the author's earlier papers all the significant properties are formulated in explicit form for practical applications. This may mean synthesis and/or analysis. Each formula is a close approximation for all shape ratios, obtained by a gradual transition between theoretical forms for the extremes of narrow and wide strips. The effect of thickness is formulated to a second-order approximation. Then the result is subjected to numerical differentiation for simple evaluation of the magnetic-loss power factor from the skin depth. The transition formulas are tested against derived formulas for overlapping narrow and wide ranges of shape. Some of these formulas are restated from the earlier derivations and others are derived herein. The latter include the second-order approximation for a narrow thin strip, and a close approximation for a narrow or wide square cross section in comparison with a circular cross section. Graphs are given for practical purposes, showing the wave resistance and magnetic loss for a wide range of shape and dielectric. For numerical reading, the formulas are suited for programming on a digital pocket calculator.     

构建完整工业ADC接口的微控制器和调制器

设计师们通常使用0mA～20mA和0V～10V的隔离输入作为工业应用控制的信号.由隔离电源、Analog Devices AD7400调制器内置隔离及TexasInstruments MSP430微控制器共同为工业设计师要求的一种完整、隔离且可靠的模拟信号接口创建一种设计.