激光熔覆NiCoCrAlY/HfB2复合涂层结构及高温摩擦学性能

利用激光熔覆技术在纯钛表面制备了NiCoCrAlY/HfB2复合涂层。用XRD和SEM分析了涂层的组成和组织结构,在SRV-IV微动摩擦磨损试验机上对涂层不同温度下的摩擦磨损性能进行对比测试,采用SEM和三维表面轮廓仪对磨损后试样、对偶球和磨屑的形貌进行了分析。结果表明:NiCoCrAlY/HfB2复合涂层主要组成为NiTi、HfB2、TiB2、Co3Ti、CrTi4和Hf3Ni7相,复合涂层与基材冶金结合,涂层晶体结构主要为块状晶。涂层的平均显微硬度约为850HV0.2,是基材硬度的4.25倍。在20℃、100℃、300℃和500℃摩擦测试温度下涂层的摩擦因数和磨损率随温度的升高而减小,复合涂层的磨损率在10-4～10-5 mm3/Nm数量级,具有较好的高温耐磨性能,涂层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损。     

TiN/MT-TiCN/Al_2O_3复合涂层的摩擦学特性

采用化学气相沉积(CVD)技术,在YG8硬质合金基体上制备Ti N/MT-Ti CN/Al_2O_3复合涂层,利用X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计表征涂层的基本特性;用台阶仪、扫描电镜和电子能谱仪,对磨痕形貌进行微观分析,揭示复合涂层的磨损行为和磨损机理。结果表明:整个涂层由表层向基体依次为:α-Al_2O_3、Ti CN、Ti N和基体组成;摩擦因数随循环次数的增加,呈现先上升后逐渐趋于稳定;磨痕深度随载荷的增加而增加;磨痕中心可见塑性流动、犁沟、剥层等特性,磨痕边缘呈现大量片状的氧化磨屑,磨损机制主要表现为磨粒磨损、氧化磨损和剥层。     

高铝铜合金粗粉超音速等离子喷涂层的边界润滑摩擦特性

采用超音速等离子喷涂技术在45#钢基体上制备高铝铜合金粗粉涂层,对涂层进行边界润滑摩擦实验,分析涂层的摩擦磨损特征及表面元素的质量损失。结果发现:涂层的摩擦因数随外加载荷的增加呈逐渐下降趋势;尽管磨损量随载荷的增大逐渐增加,但磨损率呈下降趋势,表明随外加载荷的增加涂层耐磨性能逐渐增强。涂层在中低载荷下以磨粒磨损为主,当载荷达到高载荷540 N时,涂层由磨粒磨损向疲劳磨损转变,并在犁沟边缘发生疲劳磨损的同时表现出轻度的粘着磨损。边界润滑条件下,涂层元素的质量磨损主要表现为Cu元素的损失,磨粒磨损留下的犁沟为O元素进入摩擦界面提供通道,使涂层表面形成微氧化膜。     

TiB_2+TiC含量对等离子熔覆Ni55基复合材料涂层显微组织及耐磨性能的影响（英文）

采用等离子熔覆工艺,以不同比例的Ti、B_4C和Ni55为原料原位制备TiB_2-TiC强化Ni55基复合材料涂层,研究陶瓷相TiB_2+TiC含量对涂层显微组织及耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:通过等离子熔覆合成TiB_2和TiC陶瓷相,陶瓷相含量对涂层在不同载荷下的摩擦学性能和磨损机制有较大影响。在30N磨损载荷下,复合陶瓷通过阻碍裂纹扩展抑制剥层磨损的作用;在60N磨损载荷下,高硬度、高强度陶瓷可以有效降低磨粒磨损和黏着磨损的作用。另外,在高陶瓷含量的涂层磨痕表面发现有压实层结构分布,有效降低摩擦因数和磨损率。在30和60 N的磨损载荷下,TiB_2-TiC复合陶瓷通过不同的磨损机制提高涂层的磨损性能。     

Ti靶电流对CrTiAlN涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响

在不同Ti靶电流下,采用非平衡磁控溅射技术在SDC99冷作模具钢表面制备CrTiAlN涂层。采用X射线衍射仪、原位纳米力学测试系统和摩擦磨损试验机等测试分析了Ti靶电流对涂层的相结构、力学性能及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:随着Ti靶电流的增加,涂层的厚度及Ti含量呈非线性增加,涂层的纳米硬度与弹性模量分别增至26.08与302.86 GPa,Cr(Ti,Al) N涂层均为单相fcc结构;在Ti靶电流4 A下沉积的涂层的摩擦磨损性能最好,干摩擦因数和磨损率分别为不含Ti涂层的69.77%和65.31%;油磨26 h后磨损率为不含Ti涂层的25.67%,磨损机制为磨粒磨损与疲劳磨损的综合。     

ZrO2填充PI/EP–PTFE固体润滑涂层的制备及其摩擦学性能

目的 提高发动机铝合金轴瓦在温升的油润滑甚至干摩擦工况下的摩擦磨损性能。方法 设计4种不同添加量的ZrO2填充PI/EP–PTFE涂层材料,采用液体喷涂工艺在A370铝合金基体表面制备涂层。通过摩擦磨损试验、纳米压痕试验、形貌特征及元素分布等测试试验,研究涂层在不同温度及不同润滑方式下的摩擦磨损性能。结果 涂层的硬度随ZrO2添加量的增加呈先增后减的趋势。在室温干摩擦工况下,涂层磨损率随ZrO2添加量的增加呈先减后增的趋势。当ZrO2添加量超过8%时,涂层进入动态平衡阶段的时间变长。4%ZrO2添加量的涂层性能最佳,室温干摩擦因数和磨损率分别为0.09和1.01×10^?6mm³/(N.m)。随着温度增加,摩擦因数呈先增后减的趋势,磨损率呈逐渐上升趋势。当ZrO2质量分数小于4%时,室温工况下涂层以黏着磨损为主;当添加量高于8%时,磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主。随着温度增加,涂层犁沟和磨损坑道更加明显。在油润滑工况下,摩擦因数和磨损量进一步减小。8 h油润滑和30 min干摩擦试验后,涂层出现磨痕深度高度相近,宽度不同现象。结论 在温升和不同摩擦接触状态下,涂层中高分子材料和ZrO2软化程度不均匀、大颗粒材料团聚、润滑油黏温特性是导致上述摩擦磨损变化的主要原因。     

激光熔覆NiCoCrAlY/ZrB2复合涂层结构及高温耐磨性能

通过激光熔覆技术在钛表面成功制备了NiCoCrAlY和NiCoCrAlY/ZrB2复合涂层,用SEM和XRD分析了涂层的组成及结构。在SRV-IV高温摩擦磨损试验机上系统考察了NiCoCrAlY和NiCoCrAlY/ZrB2复合涂层在20、100、300和500℃下的摩擦磨损性能,对偶为Si3N4陶瓷球。采用SEM和3D非接触式表面轮廓仪磨损形貌分析了摩擦磨损测试后涂层和对偶陶瓷球的磨痕形貌。结果表明:NiCoCrAlY/ZrB2复合涂层相对于NiCoCrAlY涂层有更高的显微硬度和更好的高温耐磨性能,NiCoCrAlY和NiCoCrAlY/ZrB2复合涂层在不同温度下的磨损机理主要为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损。     

铝合金表面多弧离子镀TiN涂层的耐磨性能

采用多弧离子镀在ZL109铝合金表面进行了TiN涂层处理,并对涂层的载荷耐磨性进行了分析和讨论.结果表明,ZL109铝合金表面多弧离子镀TiN涂层后,其耐磨性得到明显提高.在1 N的载荷下,连续磨损90 min时,未镀膜试样的磨痕宽度几乎是TiN试样的2倍,镀有TiN膜试样的平均摩擦因数几乎是未镀样的50%.在2 N的载荷下,由磨痕的形貌和宽度随时间的变化可见,镀有TiN涂层的试样在磨损前期,主要以粘着磨损为主,在磨损后期以磨粒磨损为主.     

阴极离子镀TiAlSiN涂层高温摩擦与磨损性能

采用阴极离子镀在H13钢表面制备了TiAlSiN涂层,通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜分析了涂层表面-界面形貌、物相和三维表面微观形貌。利用EDS面扫描分析了磨痕表面化学元素分布,讨论了高温对涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,TiAlSiN涂层表面主要元素由Ti、Al、Si和N组成,主要物相为(Ti,Al)N,未发现Si3N4相;高温氧化后生成的致密氧化膜Al2O3提高了涂层高温抗氧化性,Si O2降低了涂层表面摩擦因数,结构疏松的Ti O2易导致涂层破裂和剥落;TiAlSiN涂层表面粗糙度高于基体表面粗糙度,磨痕表面Ti和Al元素出现贫集区,表明涂层被磨穿;在700、800和900℃下,涂层表面摩擦因数均在0.3左右,在700℃时磨损机制主要为氧化磨损和粘着磨损,在800℃和900℃时主要为氧化磨损,伴随着少量粘着磨损和磨粒磨损。     

水环境中等离子喷涂纳米/微米喂料Al2O3/TiO2涂层的摩擦学行为

利用纳米结构和常规喂料用大气等离子喷涂方法制备了Al2O3/TiO2涂层,研究了水环境中两种涂层与不锈钢对磨时的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明：水环境中,两种涂层摩擦因数变化不大,但是纳米喂料涂层耐磨性能明显优于常规涂层,同时其对偶的磨损率仅为常规涂层对偶磨损率的1/3～1/5,磨损率随载荷的增加不断增加.讨论了水环境中两种涂层的磨损机制.     

TiN/TiCN/Al2O3/TiN与TiN/TiCN/Al2O3/TiCNO多层涂层的组织性能比较

目的对比TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiN和TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiCNO两种多层涂层的组织性能。方法采用化学气相沉积(CVD)技术在硬质合金基体上沉积TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiN和TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiCNO两种多层涂层。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析涂层的物相和组织形貌,采用纳米力学测试系统测试涂层顶层的硬度和弹性模量,利用显微维氏硬度计和划痕仪分别测量涂层的显微硬度和结合强度,利用往复式多功能摩擦磨损试验机研究涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果顶层TiN晶粒为柱状晶,顶层TiCNO晶粒呈细针状。与顶层TiN相比,顶层TiCNO硬度更大,抗塑性变形能力更强。与以TiN为顶层的多层涂层相比,以TiCNO为顶层的多层涂层表面粗糙度、摩擦系数较大,结合强度较低。当磨损只发生在顶层时,耐磨性取决于顶层涂层的性能,TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiN的磨损体积和磨损率为TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiCNO的1.2倍。当磨损进行到顶层与Al_2O_3层界面时,结合强度对耐磨性也有重要影响,TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiN的磨损体积和磨损率是TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiCNO的82%。结论与TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiN相比,TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiCNO的顶层TiCNO硬度较大,抗塑性变形能力强,其顶层耐磨性较好。改善TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiCNO多层涂层表面粗糙度和结合强度将进一步提高该涂层的摩擦磨损性能。     

Correlation of crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of thermal sprayed PEEK coating

An amorphous PEEK coating was prepared on an Al substrate by a flame spraying process. The amorphous coating was subjected to an annealing treatment under an annealing temperature from 180 to 300 °C and a holding time from 1 to 30 min. The cold crystallization behavior of the as-sprayed coating differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements. The hardness and tribological behavior of the coatings were investigated. Both DSC and WAXD analysis revealed that the annealed coatings exhibited a semi-crystalline structure. Coexistence of double crystal entities in annealed coatings was deduced. The annealed coatings exhibit higher hardness, lower friction coefficient and wear rate. Both the annealing temperature and holding time can benefit the coating hardness. The annealing condition in the studied range has little influence on the tribological behavior of the coatings. The variances of the coating mechanical properties were correlated with the modifications of the coating structures induced by the annealing treatments.     

真空退火对TC4钛合金表面Ti/TiN多层复合涂层性能的影响

金属基体材料表面硬质膜层在服役过程中,残余应力在膜基界面以及膜层内部界面之间的积聚会导致膜层发生界面剥落失效。以TC4钛合金基体表面Ti/TiN多层复合膜层为研究对象,探讨真空退火对复合膜层结构及性能的影响,并表征退火前后复合膜层的界面划痕失效以及抗粒子冲蚀性能。结果表明,真空退火促进了膜层内部以及膜基界面两侧原子的热扩散,使得界面结构特征明显弱化。界面状态的改变使得复合膜层的表面显微硬度降低以及膜基结合强度提高。在划痕载荷作用下,复合膜层抵抗裂纹沿界面扩展的能力得到增强。真空退火有助于提高膜层的强韧性匹配,可有效抵抗小角度冲蚀粒子的犁削以及大角度粒子冲蚀下的疲劳,因此Ti/TiN多层复合膜层表现出较好的抗冲蚀性能。     

钛合金表面激光熔覆Ti/Ni+Si3N4/ZrO2复合涂层组织与性能研究

目的 提高TA15合金的表面硬度,改善其耐磨性能.方法 以Ti/Ni+Si3 N4/ZrO2混合粉末为原料,利用激光熔覆技术,在TA15钛合金表面制备出以ZrO2颗粒和原位生成Ti5 Si3、TiN为增强相,以金属化合物TiNi、Ti2 Ni为基体的复合涂层.采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及能谱仪等手段分析激光熔覆涂层的显微组织及磨损表面,通过硬度测试、摩擦磨损实验,对熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性进行评估.结果 熔覆层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合,熔覆层组织中TiNi和Ti2 Ni金属化合物基体上弥散分布着Ti5 Si3、TiN树枝晶和ZrO2颗粒;与不含ZrO2熔覆层相比,含有ZrO2熔覆层组织的晶粒得到细化;熔覆层中原位生成的TiN桥接在裂纹上,具有增韧的作用;熔覆层的显微硬度分布在835~1050 HV区间内,约为基体硬度的3倍左右;在干滑动摩擦磨损下,熔覆层的磨损量约为钛合金基体磨损量的1/6,其主要磨损机制为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损.结论 熔覆层中高硬度、耐磨陶瓷相和高韧性相的共同配合,显著提高了钛合金表面的硬度和耐磨性.     

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of HVOF-Sprayed Co-Cr-W Coating

Co-Cr-W HVOF-sprayed protective coatings are used for their high oxidation and wear resistance. Apart from the oxidation resistance, the stability of their mechanical properties in relation to thermal loading is crucial with respect to the most common high-temperature application areas. This work is focused mainly on evaluation of the heat-induced changes in the phase composition and related mechanical properties. It was shown that the original powder, composed fully from face-centered cubic Co-based alloy, partly changes its phase composition during spraying to a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure. The annealing further increases the ratio of the hcp phase in the structure. The heat-induced phase changes are accompanied by an increase in the coatings’ hardness and cohesion strength. The abrasive and adhesive wear behavior was evaluated. While the coatings’ heat treatment had a positive effect on the coefficient of friction, the abrasive and adhesive wear resistance of annealed coating was lower compared to as-sprayed coating.     

TiC0.91N0.09和TiC0.77N0.23涂层高温抗氧化性能的研究

目的 研究2种不同碳含量的TiCN涂层的抗氧化性能,为改善TiCN涂层抗氧化性能提供理论依据。方法 在WC-Co硬质合金上化学气相沉积TiC_0.91N_0.09和TiC_0.77N_0.23涂层,采用热重法和静态氧化在900℃进行氧化试验。采用X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪和场发射扫描电镜分析氧化前后涂层的物相组成和微观形貌。比较TiC_0.91N_0.09和TiC_0.77N_0.23涂层的抗氧化性能,分析涂层氧化动力学和氧化机理。结果 TiC_0.91N_0.09涂层的氧化质量增量和氧化膜厚度都大于TiC_0.77N_0.23涂层。TiCN涂层900℃下的热重曲线分线性、抛物线2个阶段。TiC_0.91N_0.09和TiC_0.77N_0.23涂层分别于0.225、0.8...     

Effect of micro-blasting on the tribological properties of TiN/MT-TiCN/Al2O3/TiCNO coatings deposited by CVD

The effect of micro-blasting on the tribological properties of TiN/MT-TiCN/Al₂O₃/TiCNO coatings was studied. The multilayer coatings were deposited on cemented carbides by chemical vapor deposition. The microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nano-mechanical testing system, scratch tester and reciprocating tribometer. The results show that micro-blasting significantly reduces the surface roughness and converts the residual tensile stress of Ti(C,N,O) top-layer and Al₂O₃ layer into compressive stress. Affected by the residual compressive stress, the hardness and adhesion strength are increased. More importantly, the friction coefficient is decreased attributed to the decreased surface roughness and improved hardness. Also, the wear resistance of micro-blasted TiN/MT-TiCN/Al₂O₃/TiCNO is superior due to higher hardness of Ti(C,N,O) top-layer, Al₂O₃ layer and adhesion strength of coatings. Especially for the total sliding time of 2 h, the wear volume and wear rate of micro-blasted coatings are 69.4% of as-deposited coatings, because micro-blasting helps to increase the adhesion strength and micro-cracking resistance, which play important roles in the improvement of wear resistance. Micro-blasting has a positive effect on the friction and wear properties of TiN/MT-TiCN/Al₂O₃/TiCNO multilayer coatings since the adverse impact of top-layer thinning is offset.     

Effect of Thermal Annealing on Tribological and Corrosion Properties of DLC Coatings

In this study, the mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties of annealed diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on M2 steel with various annealing temperatures were investigated. The results indicated that DLC coating on M2 steel annealed at 500 °C had the worst performance. Both corrosion polarization resistance and wear resistance against ceramic alumina counterface of DLC coatings decreased with increasing annealing temperature, which can be due to the decline of the coating hardness after the thermal treatment. When sliding against aluminum counterface material, the DLC annealed at 600 °C had the lowest coefficient of friction (cof) and wear resistance due to its high graphitic structure and low hardness. Compared with the original coating, cofs increased for coatings treated at below 300 °C; however, further increasing the annealing temperature led to the decrease of the cofs. Little material attachment occurred between DLC coatings (original and annealed) and counterface materials (both alumina and aluminum balls) except for the DLC annealed at 600 °C, in which coating material transferred to the surface of counterface ball.     

Mechanical and tribological evaluation of PVD WC/C coatings

Five different WC/C coatings deposited by physical vapour deposition (PVD) on high speed-steel (HSS) have been evaluated with respect to their mechanical and tribological properties. For all coatings a chromium layer was deposited first to enhance coating adhesion. The carbide phase (WC) and the carbon (C) phase were deposited simultaneously by direct-current magnetron sputtering of a WC target and plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition using hydrocarbon gas, respectively. The influence of the chromium interface layer thickness, the amount of WC phase and the flow of hydrocarbon gas on the mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings have been investigated. The coatings have been characterised with respect to their chemical composition (glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy), hardness (Vickers microhardness), morphology (scanning electron microscopy, SEM), roughness (profilometry), residual stress (beam bending), critical load (scratch testing) and abrasive wear resistance (the “dimple grinder test”). Furthermore, a ball-on-plate test was employed to obtain information about the frictional properties and sliding wear resistance of the coatings. The wear mechanisms and wear debris were analysed by SEM, Auger electron spectroscopy and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. All WC/C coatings displayed a thickness between 2 and 4 μm and a surface roughness in the range of 10 to 70 nm. The hardness varied between 1500 and 1800 HV. The coating residual stress was found to range from −2.5 to −0.5 GPa. The scratch test revealed a relatively high critical normal load, i.e., a relatively good adhesion of the WC/C coatings to the HSS. The abrasive wear resistance was found to be very high, in fact equally as high as that of PVD TiN. In the sliding wear test it could be seen that the coating containing the lowest amount of carbide phase (WC), i.e., the highest amount of carbon phase (C), and which had the highest compressive residual stress yielded the lowest friction and wear rate against steel. In addition, this coating was also found to yield the lowest wear rate of the counter material. In summary, a WC/C coating with overall good mechanical and tribological properties was obtained provided a relatively thin chromium layer was deposited first and if a relatively high acetylene gas flow was utilised during deposition of the WC/C layer.     

退火温度对磁控溅射TiN/TiCN薄膜残余应力、结构及耐蚀性能的影响

采用反应磁控溅射在AZ31合金上制备了TiN/TiCN薄膜,并对沉积后的薄膜进行真空去应力退火。分别采用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、扫描电镜(SEM)、掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)和电化学工作站对退火前后的薄膜进行表面化学成分、形貌结构、残余应力以及耐蚀性能分析。结果表明:薄膜由FCC结构的TiCN和TiN组成。退火后,薄膜的晶粒尺寸和结晶度增大,内部残余应力显著下降,电化学腐蚀区域的Ti、C、N元素含量下降,250 ℃退火薄膜的耐蚀性能与沉积态薄膜相当,300 ℃退火后薄膜的耐蚀性能下降。