电子电器产品的回收再利用及其关键技术研究

电子电器产品制造业是我国一个庞大的产业领域 ,但废旧电子电器产品的有效回收利用尚没有得到足够的重视。本文结合相关项目的研究 ,阐述了在我国这样一个人均资源占有量很低的国家 ,开展废旧电子电器产品回收利用的重要意义 ,并分析了国内外在废旧电子电器回收利用方面的现状 ;在此基础上 ,探讨了废旧电子电器产品有效回收的途径 ;指出系统地研究废旧电子电器产品的回收过程 ,不仅有利于其产业化、规模化 ,而且可以为电子电器产品的绿色设计提供丰富的数据和知识支持     

电子电器产品的回收再利用及其关键技术研究

电子电器产品制造业是我国一个庞大的产业领域，但废旧电子电器产品的有效回收利用尚没有得到足够的重视，本文结合相关项目的研究，阐述了在我国这样一个人均资源占有量很低的国家，开展废旧电子电器产品回收利用的重要意义，并分析了国内外在废旧电子电器回收利用方面的现状；在此基础上，探讨了废旧电子电器产品有效回收的途径，指出系统地研究废旧电子电器产品的回收过程，不仅有利于其产业化，规模化，而且可以为电子电器产品的绿色设计提供丰富的数据和知识支持。     

国内外废旧冰箱回收处理技术的进展

我国已迎来废旧冰箱报废的高峰期，废旧冰箱给环境保护造成了巨大压力，废旧冰箱的规范化回收处理势在必行。本文从回收流程的设计、冰箱拆卸、金属回收处理、泡层与塑料回收处理等方面综述了国内外冰箱回收技术的主要进展。     

家用电器回收工厂中物料平衡和重金属平衡

2001年，日本在新回收法框架下，开始对家用电器产品进行收集和回收。该法规的目的是促进材料的再循环和减少掩埋垃圾的总量。在38个回收工厂里，对即将报废的家电产品进行人工拆卸．粉碎和分选。本文作者进行了一次问卷调查，并且采访一些工厂，获得了一些有关工艺流程和物料平衡的信息。通过利用工厂提供的详细记录和估计回收产品的成分来决定工厂的四个典型回收流程的物料平衡。     

电力设备SF6气体现场高效回收回充技术研究

基于对SF6气体现场回收与回充过程中存在问题的分析,研究了回收回充技术,包括压缩机的选型与试验、吸附剂材料的选择与试验、抽真空系统的设计、电气设计及设备总装设计等.简要介绍了中国发明专利新型SF6气体回收回充设备及辅助回收设备、辅助回充设备.     

RF-300型车载式SF6气体回收净化再生系统的设计与应用

介绍了国内外SF6气体回收装置的现状以及目前回收装置所存在的不足之处,如功能单一、处理手段欠完善、缺少实时检测手段等。提出了一种RF-300型车载式SF6回收净化再生系统的设计思想,通过运行实例证明:该产品对SF6气体回收净化处理后,能够达到国家标准规定的SF6气体新气标准。     

面向产品回收的可拆卸性设计初探

拆卸就是从装配体中移走零部件的过程,也是产品回收与再利用的前提,直接影响产品的可回收性。在应对欧盟废弃电气电子产品回收指令(WEEE)中,增大回收效益的一个重要途径就是在产品设计阶段引入“可拆卸性”设计思想(Design for Disassembly,DFD)。目前,美国、日本及欧盟有关国家已经在机械,电子等行业开展了有关拆卸设计研究,取得了明显的社会效益和经济效益,且这一趋势已引起了世界各国的关注。     

废弃荧光灯回收问题探讨

针对汞对环境污染的危害,指出建立废弃荧光灯回收体系的必要性;探讨了废弃荧光灯回收体系制定需经过的程序。阐述了对荧光灯汞污染的客观评价,以及荧光灯研制人员目前应采取的措施。     

汨罗市废旧家电回收产业前景看好——湖南省汨罗市再生资源调研分析(部分)

位于洞庭湖畔的汨罗市多年来依托再生资源市场, 大力发展循环经济,推出了颇具特色的“资源-产品-废弃物-再生资源-产品”的产业模式,形成了初具规模的再生资源产业园。而在当前社会,发展循环经济已经是工业发展的必然之路,不仅可以解决经济与环境之间长期存在的矛盾,还可以使经济与环境实现双赢。其中,日渐兴起的废旧家电回收处理正是其中的关键所在。中国轻工业长沙工程有限公司废旧家电回收课题组在对湖南省汨罗市的调研后,得出结论,汨罗市依托着成熟规模的再生资源市场,完全有能力实现废旧家电回收的产业化,并有条件成为国家废旧家电回收产业的典范城市。本文将该课题组对汨罗市的调研结果作以介绍,从中不难发现,汨罗市实现废旧家电回收处理产业化的良好基础。     

RF系列六氟化硫气体回收净化再生系统的原理及应用

概述了国内外六氟化硫气体回收系统的情况,对各种回收储存原理及处理方式进行了比较。介绍了一种设计新型的可移动的“小型工厂”即RF系列六氟化硫回收净化再生系统,及其工作原理、系统特点。该系统是拥有专利技术产品,回收时间短、回收利用率高,回收处理后六氟化硫气体纯度由99．23％提高到99．98％,空气含量由0.76％降到0．02％,均符合了国际要求。     

论出口机电产品的设计再审查

目前,机电产品的出口面临严峻的国际贸易形势,在出口机电产品的开发设计环节中,质量安全控制还存在诸多问题,容易导致产品存在安全缺陷。结合机电产品特点,分析了出口机电企业开发设计环节的现状及存在的问题,阐明了有效实施出口机电产品的设计再审查,确保产品的质量安全,将监管前移,可从根本上提升出口机电产品的国际竞争力。     

Fundamental considerations for biomaterial selection

The human body is the result of millions of years of evolution during which countless variations and trials driven by a commanding environment occurred. The result is a magnificent display of efficiency, robustness, and complexity. Trying to introduce incredibly simple instruments into such a complex structure is challenging. Because of the complex nature of the human body, specific problems with biomaterial biocompatibility and function are almost impossible to predict without extensive testing in cell cultures as well as in living systems. Because of the extensive nature of these tests, strict regulatory protocols are required to ensure that reliable products are produced. The considerations for the selection of biomaterials presented in this article are fundamental. Before proceeding to the advanced stages of instrument design and implementation, it is imperative that a biomaterial prove itself in regard to these primary issues. As the field of biomechanical engineering progresses and new biomaterials are needed for exciting new designs, these fundamental considerations for biomaterials selection may change. However, the basic principals guiding them will remain paramount to any person wishing to design a functional instrument     

继电保护产品中的模块化设计

通过对微机产品设计的分析 ,论述了在微机继电保护产品中引入模块化设计的重要性     

North American zones: rethinking hazardous location design

Changes to the Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) (1998) and National Electrical Code (NEC) (1996 and 1998), while progressive, are only first steps. The updates allow the use of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) classification system and products. For the purposes of this article, the CEC is used as a starting point. This article examines a combination of the "best practices" from Canada, Europe, and the United States, which relate to petrochemical installations. The optimal design for a facility is not as simple as exchanging products. It is more like rethinking conventional design practices. Area classification, wiring methods, equipment placement, and product design are discussed. The right combination of the two wiring systems is not as simple as applying IEC products to a class-division-type design. While the modular style of IEC products may offer greater flexibility, traditional North American products are readily available and more familiar to most designers. However, since North America, and perhaps to a greater extent Canada, is in the unique position of taking advantage of the best of both systems, the best design is likely to be found in a combination of the two. In Alberta, Canada, regulators granted permission for the use of products approved to standards other than CSA International in selected facilities to accommodate the "combination" design     

强调环保因素的产品设计原则

环保因素过去一直是一个不被重视的产品设计因素。但是近年来由于环保法规向产品生命周期的各个阶段的延伸,产品设计者不仅仅是在设计时考虑产品废弃后的环保因素,还必须考虑生产和使用时的环保因素。本文通过探讨产品与环保间的关系,尝试从环保的角度来探讨产品的设计特点;根据环保政策和法规的要求和消费者意识上的环保观念等差异分析产品设计,在产品设计阶段如何体现环保因素,并把环保因素与市场的卖点结合起来,使产品成为全生命周期的绿色设计产品。     

基于室内平面照明灯具的防眩光设计

室内场所是人们工作、学习、生活的主要场所,其健康的光环境显得尤为重要。基于室内照明,通过系统归纳分析,研究平面照明产品的防眩光设计,并运用DIALux软件仿真分析评估照射环境的不舒适眩光程度。研究发现,较大面积的平面照明产品的防眩设计主要有以棱晶扩散板为代表的结构光学路线和防眩膜为代表的薄膜微结构路线。通过改善室内照明产品的光学结构设计,降低产品眩光值,减少眩光危害。     

Selection and application of a 16000-hp induction motor

In December 1996, Messer-AGS began engineering and procurement of equipment for a 900 metric-ton-day air separation unit (ASU) to be located near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Principle products of this facility are industrial gases via pipeline to the customer, liquid products for the area merchant market, and a cylinder filing operation for these products for local use. The primary user of these products is a large steel manufacturing facility adjacent to the ASU. The design requirements for the plant are outlined with emphasis on the motor. The selection and design of the 16000 hp induction motor are discussed     

An artistic design system for industrial product image retrieval

This article describes a new type of expert system that retrieves images of existing industrial products using a sketched image drawn by a designer on the basis of artistic industry designs. In this method, sketched images are applied to an artistic design system for industrial products so that designers can conceive actual images of completed products and their applications, referring to practical products which have been realized before. Image retrieval is carried out by comparing the sketched image to the images of allied products. In a series of studies, the success rate was as high as 75-78%, thus confirming the applicability of this system. This concept is expected to be applied to the artistic design of industrial products. Examples are given for the following products: a vase, garments, and shoes     

IE4紧凑型变频调速三相永磁同步电机的研制

介绍了IE4效率等级的变频调速三相永磁同步电机系列产品的研制工作。为了提高设计精度和缩短设计周期,本系列产品的电磁设计采用了基于场路结合的设计方法。一方面提升了设计的合理性,产品性能指标可以满足标准要求;另一方面合理的磁路设计提升了电机的功率密度,减小了电机的体积,本系列产品比通用系列产品普遍降低了1～2个机座号,降低了材料成本。通过样机试制和型式试验,验证了系列电机设计的合理性,为国内IE4通用型变频调速三相永磁同步电机研究提供参考。     

Innovative communications oriented design projects in mechatronicscourses

Microprocessors are fast becoming essential components for the design of communication oriented products. The design of such products is illustrated by projects drawn from microprocessor design courses taught at the George Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. The courses' emphasis is on an integrated, multidisciplinary, concurrent design philosophy: group oriented working and communication skills; independent investigations of new material; and a viewpoint of practical, hands-on instruction. The projects emphasize a concurrent design philosophy where hardware and software design are simultaneously developed. The projects also emphasize low-cost components and user-friendly interfaces suitable for consumer product design