基于SLP和SHA的车间设施布局与仿真分析

应用SLP和SHA结合方法对实际企业的新建车间进行设施及物流系统的布置设计与评估,并进一步运用Delmia/QUEST仿真软件模拟车间运行情况,最终得出车间物流最为顺畅、设施布置与设备配置最为经济合理的设计方案。结果表明该设计方法能在一定程度上弥补传统设计方法无法考虑到的因素,可为车间实际生产运行提供有效的仿真数据,是一种车间设施布置设计的有效方法。     

计算机仿真技术在工厂设计中的应用

计算机仿真是一种新型的系统分析方法。本文介绍了计算机仿真发展的历史和现状，着重说明了工厂设计中（如生产能力的测算和平衡、物流分析、优化布置、生产计划管理等）的应用以及计算机仿真的过程与其软件的发展方向，并举出在在一个车间改造中的应用实例和一个行之有效的仿真软件。     

精益生产式装配车间管理系统的研究

针对当前制造业信息化建设的需求,结合精益生产的基本原理,建立了装配式车间精益生产管理系统模型,设计了系统的功能结构和各部门业务集成流程.应用实例表明,装配车间管理系统为精益生产提供了可靠的技术支持,可促进物流与信息流的有效传递,填补传统车间内部信息传递间隙,提高车间生产装配效率.     

填料生产线精益生产的整合方案研究

以某化工填料生产线为研究对象,通过对填料生产系统工艺流程现状的物流分析,提出了生产设备成组布局的整合方案,从设备布置方式和生产系统优化两个方面找到影响物流顺畅运行与在制品库存最小化的改进措施,设计了满足不同生产批量与不同生产周期的精益物流过程,通过对生产流程改进的前后对比与过程仿真,验证了改进后的生产设备与物流的重组模式是实现填料生产线精益生产的一个切实可行的解决途径。     

SLP在摩托车企业厂房布局设计研究中的应用

基于系统布置设计(SLP)原理,以某摩托车企业新厂房布置设计为例,运用物流分析和作业单位相互关系图分析各车间之间的物流关系和非物流关系,形成作业单位综合相互关系图。运用因素评价法从物流效率、空间利用率、管理方便性等方面对两个可行的布置方案进行了分析比较,获得较优方案。通过与该企业原厂区的对比分析,新厂区的布置方案可使该企业的生产效率提高18%,能满足该企业新厂区1600台/d的生产能力要求。     

基于精益生产的某离合器公司装配车间优化

以国内某大型汽车零配件企业装配车间为研究对象,针对该公司车间布局不合理、物流拥挤紊乱、在制品数量过多、人员利用率较低、生产过程不均衡等问题,根据系统设施规划原则重新布局车间,运用动作分析原理实现工序活动的标准化,将工序内部时间转化为外部时间达到装配车间的均衡化生产,同时,设计了一种新型的专用化载具,并运用witness仿真模拟得出结论:优化方案的产能是现有装配线的3倍以上,人员利用率及设备利用率大为提高,车间内部物流均匀合理,工人劳动强度大大降低。     

基于Plant Simulation的储能装置装配数字化车间仿真分析

为了解决飞轮储能装置智能工厂构建中存在的系统复杂、分散度大等问题,研究基于Plant Simulation的储能装置装配数字化车间建模与优化配置分析技术。建立基于离散事件仿真软件Plant Simulation的某飞轮储能装置装配车间的数字化模型,对装配车间在规划设计阶段的设施布局、物流路径布置方案进行了仿真优化。对飞轮储能装置自动化装配车间生产系统进行了分析、试验、诊断和评价。以飞轮储能装置数字化车间实际项目为依托,完成了工艺布局的仿真建模和试验。     

废旧冰箱回收工厂设施布置设计的研究

分析了废旧冰箱回收处理现状,建立了废旧冰箱回收工艺路线,介绍了废旧冰箱回收工厂设施布置设计的一般方法和过程．采用系统布置法（sip）对废旧冰箱回收工厂总平面布置和车间布置进行了设计;利用时间Petri网对车间物流系统建模并给予优化,得出回收工厂详细布置图,并用E—Factory对该回收厂三维仿真．     

物流技术应用于车间工艺设计

论述了物流技术在车间工艺设计，特别是在车间工艺平面布置上应用的重要性。通过实例分析，对物流分析使车间工艺布置更加合理，经济进行了一些探讨。     

基于精益生产的工厂产线设计方法

为解决制造业生产线产出低、浪费大等问题,将精益生产技术应用到企业产线设计中,在产线设计之初规避资源浪费问题,使企业生产产线最合理化。运用精益生产方法为基础,以满足市场需求为原则,通过产品PQ-PR分析,对工厂产线进行分族定义,并结合精益改善方法,对产线设计进行优化。通过对A公司的终端车间产线进行精益设计,结果表明基于产品分析设计的精益产线相比于传统产线,在人均产出、生产效率等方面有显著提升,大大降低了生产过程的人力物力等浪费。     

基于VRML模型的协同装配工艺规划仿真方法

在研究了虚拟现实建模语言(VRML)模型特点以及协同装配工艺规划过程的基础上,将以VRML三维模型为设计信息载体的协同装配工艺规划仿真分为无约束的规划仿真和基于约束的规划仿真,并提出了相应的实现方法.所提方法使网络化的同步协同装配规划操作成为可能,通过实时交流,使产品装配工艺规划能够在集合多方设计经验的基础上方便快捷地实现.应用实例的应用结果表明,所提方法可快速发现设计缺陷并显著地缩短产品工艺规划周期.     

Analysis on high throughput layout of container yards

The operational efficiency of handling resources plays an important role in promoting container flows at a container terminal. As these handling resources operate on specific yard layouts, a well-designed layout will promote the performance of the handling activities. This study aims to discuss a design process to maximise the throughput capacity, as well as minimise the resource configuration when designing the yard layout. Various experiments were conducted and analysed to demonstrate the effects on the layout structure and the resource configuration for the two types of parallel yard layouts: the double-lane yard layout where vehicles can access the block at both side and the single-lane yard layout where two adjacent blocks in a row are grouped together and vehicles can access each block at only one side. According to the findings, the container flows by vehicles exert greater influence on the design of a container yard compared to the time taken for container processing by quay cranes and yard cranes. It is also found that the single-lane yard layout is preferable when high throughput capacity is required, whereas the double-lane yard layout is superior in favour of high efficiency of vehicle flows.     

应用最大截距法实现三维级进模排样

最大截距法是一种基于图形实体数据的计算方法.在研发三维级进模智能排样系统时,经过多种排样算法的分析和比较,选择了最大截距法.提出了由关键点求出最大截距的方法,建立了相应的数学模型,获得了最佳步距,提高了材料利用率,实现了级进模的优化排样.     

Variable capacity sizing and selection of connections in a facility layout

The variable capacity sizing and selection of connections in the facilities design context is discussed (to the best knowledge of the authors) for the first time in the open literature. A connection is defined as the connected part that links di1erent sets of departments through which some interdepartmental material flows must go. The goal of the problem is to select the location and capacity of the connections (and to assign the flows) so as to minimize the sum of the fixed connection installation costs and material movement cost in the material handing system. Mathematical programming formulations are presented for continuous and discrete capacity options. For the continuous unbounded capacity case, we prove that it can be reduced to the uncapacitated fixed charge facility location problem. For the discrete capacity case, a Lagrangian relaxation-based solution approach is developed. It provides a 'good' feasible solution as well as a lower bound for assessing the optimality gap. Computational results are reported. Our findings indicate that the discrete version of the problem can be e1ectively solved with the Lagrangian heuristic.     

A novel reliability-based topology optimization framework for the concurrent design of solid and truss-like material structures with unknown-but-bounded uncertainties

A new nonprobabilistic reliability-based topology optimization method for continuum structures with displacement constraints is proposed in this paper, in which the optimal layout consists of solid material and truss-like microstructure material simultaneously. The unknown-but-bounded uncertainties that exist in material properties, external loads, and safety displacements are considered. By utilizing the representative volume element analysis, rules of macro-micro stiffness performance equivalence can be confirmed. A solid material and truss-like microstructure material structure integrated design interpolation model is firstly constructed, in which design domain elements can be conducted to select solid material or truss-like microstructure material by a combination of the finite element method in the topology optimization process. Moreover, a new nonprobabilistic reliability measuring index, namely, the optimization feature distance is defined by making use of the area-ratio ideas. Furthermore, the adjoint vector method is employed to obtain the sensitivity information between the reliability measure and design variables. By utilizing the method of moving asymptotes, the investigated optimization problem can be iteratively solved. The effectiveness of the developed methodology is eventually demonstrated by two examples.     

Layout optimization considering production uncertainty and routing flexibility

The unequal area facility layout problem is studied considering both production uncertainty and routing flexibility. Stochastic production quantities are introduced under the assumption of dependent demands and incorporated into the usual objective of material handling cost minimization. Concurrently, alternative routings are considered based on production quantity. An efficient simulation approach is used to estimate the resulting department pairwise flows, both their expected values and variances. Using these estimates, a tabu search heuristic procedure performs the layout design optimization.     

Facility layout optimization using simulation and genetic algorithms

Traditionally, the objective of a facility layout problem has been to minimize the material handling cost of the manufacturing system. While it is important to reduce the amount of material handling, the traditional methods do not address the actual time at which the material is transported. In today's short cycle time production environments, the timing of material movement may have a bigger impact on the productivity of the system than its cost. In this paper, a facility layout optimization technique is presented that takes into consideration the dynamic characteristics and operational constraints of the system as a whole, and is able to solve the facility layout design problem based on a system's performance measures, such as the cycle time and productivity. Each layout solution is presented in the form of a string that is suitable for analysis by a genetic algorithm technique. These solutions are then translated into simulation models by a specially designed automated simulation model generator. Genetic algorithms are used to optimize the layout for manufacturing effectiveness while simulation serves as a system performance evaluation tool. Combined with a statistical comparison technique to reduce the simulation burden, the test results demonstrate that the proposed approach overcomes the limitations of traditional layout optimization methods and is capable of finding optimal or near optimal solutions.     

船舶内部物流转运系统仿真

由于船舶内部物流转运系统输送路径复杂,物料分拆的环节多,很难建立数学模型对整个物流系统进行全面的描述或者对物流系统中运动的货物进行实时的跟踪,本文采用系统仿真技术验证船舶内部转运系统设计方案,通过系统仿真确定系统的瓶颈和转运能力.基于仿真分析结果,优化局部转运传输策略,改进了船舶内部转运系统的配置方案,提高了系统的整体转运能力.     

基于工序分析方法的企业生产流程优化研究

运用工序分析方法对GL公司核心产品的加工平面布局和生产流程进行优化和再设计,分析加工车间布局的现状图,构建其优化图,优化设计生产流程。提出通过调整工序顺序、优化平面布局、加强作业人员规范操作培训等措施,来消除制造过程中的信息阻塞,使得工序总数减少了7个,搬运的距离缩减了74.9m,作业人员减少了5人,停滞的时间减少了138min,日产能提升108件。实践结果表明:在企业产品制造流程优化过程中,工序分析方法是消除信息阻塞、降低库存、产能提升、实施精益制造的一个有效工具。