Drawing bridges by computer

The graphical technique presented in this paper allows the user to draw almost any type of bridge. Bridges are created as graphical variables and can be easily manipulated. Different kinds of bridges are classified and specified according to the characteristics of the road, the piers, the superstructure and the parapets. Several examples are presented. The terminology used stems from the use of Pascal.     

A graphical pascal extension based on graphical types

The goal of this paper is to present a graphical Pascal extension, named MIRA. This extension gives the user the means of defining and using specific graphical types. A complete vector arithmetic has been developed and a new structured type has been introduced: the figure type. Instructions to create and delete figures are discussed and it is shown how the graphical types can be used as other Pascal types. The implementation is carried out by a portable Pascal preprocessor.     

MIRA-3D: A three-dimensional graphical extension of pascal

MIRA-3D is a three-dimensional graphical extension of Pascal based on abstract graphical types. The user may define and manipulate complex 3D objects, as well as image transformations. Viewing transformations and attributes are compatible with the ACM GSPC Core System. A large set of graphical primitives are available and the paper discusses the most important ones. Portability has also been an important criterion in implementation.     

The Use of High-Level 3-D Graphical Types in the Mira Animation System

A graphical extension of Pascal enables programmers to build complex 3-D objects and to describe their motions.     

A Pascal program for computing the DNA concentration in cellular homogenates

The use of manual graphical methods for evaluating the results of Brunk's fluorometric DNA concentration assay was found to be subjective and time-consuming. That is why a short program (in Turbo Pascal, version 4) for fluorometric data processing was designed.     

化学化工计算中的中等规模数组的实现技术及其应用

介绍化学化工计算中如何利用现有开发工具，主要包括ＴｕｒｂｏＰａｓｃａｌ６．０ＢｏｒｌａｎｄＰａｓｃａｌ７．０，ＴｕｒｂｏＣ２．０和ＢｏｒｌａｎｄＣ３．１在用户程序中开辟从超过６４ＫＢ到十几ＭＢ中等规模数组的基本原理，实现技术，编程实例和运行方法，从而使广大学化工科技工作者摆脱长期以来受到ＰＣ机上应用程序只有６４ＫＢ数据量的限制，以直观，可靠，方便和有效的方式在ＰＣ机上实现了以前只有在工作上才能运行     

Some aspects of concurrent programming in CCNPASCAL

CCNPASCAL is a language derived from Pascal and Concurrent Pascal which has been used in the development of an operating system for a multiprocessor. This paper introduces some of the important features of the language and illustrates them with examples. The language provides mechanisms for interfacing separately compiled modules, for building abstractions of collections of resources and for efficient asynchronous communication.     

基于HTML语言的跨平台界面设计

描述了如何利用HTML超文本标识语言为终端用户创建基于表单的图形化界面。在这里HTML语言仅用于描述用户界面的的外观,程序的编程可以用许多种编程语言或脚本语言。     

An interactive data visualization system

GRAFANA is an interactive program, which allows the user to produce drawings based on data stored on a disk file. The major advantage and originality of the system is that the user can interactively determine the visual effect of a drawing and immediately see it on the screen. Moreover, any drawing produced by GRAFANA can still be edited by a generalpurpose graphics editor. This system allows the user to obtain precisely the right drawing for any book, paper or report. GRAFANA has been implemented in MIRA-2D, a graphical Pascal extension. It is available for different machines and kinds of graphical devices.     

Prtds — a pascal run-time diagnostics system

A run-time diagnostics system has been described that allows the user to interrogate a program fully in source language terms. In particular, dynamically created data structures are catered for. The diagnostics system allows all objects including those created dynamically to be interrogated and can display a graphical representation of linked data structures. This paper describes the implementation of such a system with the language Pascal on a GEC 4080.     

A uniform graphical view of the program construction process: GRIPSE

This paper describes the ideas leading to the development and construction of a Graphical Integrated Programming Support Environment (GRIPSE) for a modified form of the Pascal language. In order to represent all procedural and declarative aspects of a Pascal program, the original Nassi-Shneiderman diagrams forming the graphical basis of GRIPSE have been augmented into a multi-level, three dimensional system capable of supporting all static and most dynamic aspects of a program in a uniform manner. The dynamic view exists by virtue of an interpreter that has been incorporated along with debugging aids. A planned extension to the environment is an interactive form of mutation testing called Firm mutation which exploits the middle-ground between Strong and Weak mutation, both of which have traditionally been applied in a non-conversational, non-interactive mode of use.     

Integrating library modules into Pascal programs

We present the results of our experience in introducing modularity into the programming language Pascal in order to aid the creation and use of library modules. Our system performs the symbolic linking of source language modules producing a single Pascal text ready for compilation; performing the link phase before compilation anticipates interface consistency checks, and suggests a possible improvement of program development systems. Our extension is implemented in a preprocessor which ensures a complete compatibility with any standard Pascal compiler. In this paper we examine the main features of some high-level programming languages which support modularization and data abstraction and some experiences in introducing modularity into Pascal; on this basis we describe our choice in detail. The design and implementation details are discussed and some examples are presented.     

基于可变权重损失函数和难例挖掘模块的Faster R-CNN改进算法

基于深度卷积神经网络的目标检测算法已成为目标检测领域中的研究热点,它包括基于区域提议的两阶段目标检测算法和基于位置回归的一阶段目标检测算法。Faster R-CNN是两阶段目标检测的典型算法之一,但是,训练数据集中简单样本-〖KG-*8〗难分样本数量不平衡,以及样本数据的类间不平衡,都是影响Faster R-CNN检测精度的重要原因。本文提出一种基于可变权重损失函数Focal Loss和难例挖掘模块的改进Faster R-CNN算法。具体地,在网络的分类部分引入Focal Loss函数,通过权重调节样本数据的类间不平衡,改善简单样本-〖KG-*8〗难分样本的数量不平衡;同时,修改网络结构,引入难例挖掘模块,进一步平衡简单样本-〖KG-*8〗难分样本的数量,提高网络的检测性能。本文采用不同数据集,不同基础网络来测试提出的算法性能。实验结果表明,在VGG-16基础网络下,本文算法在Pascal VOC 2007数据集上平均检测精度较原算法提高了0.9个百分点,在Pascal VOC 07+12数据集上提高了1.7个百分点;在Res-101基础网络上,在Pascal VOC 2007数据集上平均检测精度较原算法提高了1.3个百分点,在Pascal VOC 07+12数据集上提高了1.5个百分点。     

SuperPascal—a publication language for parallel scientific computing

Parallel computers will not become widely used until scientists and engineers adopt a common programming language for publication of parallel scientific algorithms. This paper describes the publication language SuperPascal by examples. SuperPascal extends Pascal with deterministic statements for parallel processes and synchronous message communication. The language permits unrestricted combinations of recursive procedures and parallel statements. SuperPascal omits ambiguous and insecure features of Pascal. Restrictions on the use of variables enable a single-pass compiler to check that parallel processes are disjoint, even if the processes use procedures with global variables. A portable implementation of SuperPascal has been developed on a Sun workstation under Unix.     

Author ware在程序控制功能上与Pascal语言的比较

简单地介绍了Authorware ,在诸如分支、循环、调用子程序及引用系统函数等程序控制功能上将Au thorware与Pascal语言进行了比较 ,文章还列举了一些程序实例。     

ANALYSIS: Software for Graphical Analysis of Multidimensional Flow Cytometric List Mode Data

A computer program for graphical analysis of multidimensional flow cytometric list mode data is described. The program offers one-, two-, and three-dimensional inspection of an amount of data that is only limited by disk space. Subpopulations within the original data set can be identified by setting one or more two-dimensional AND gates around them. The order of measurement can be used as a parameter for evaluation of time-dependent processes. Other new parameters can be made by zooming in on a parameter, logarithmic transformation, or division of two parameters. The program is written in Turbo Pascal and it can run on any MS-DOC PC with an EGA/VGA resolution screen.     

How do we read algorithms? A case study

The authors report on an experiment that explored the way subjects view an algorithm, written in Pascal, and the graphical representation of its behavior. They designed the experiment to examine the influence of programming experience on how subjects view a short but complex algorithm, and they analyzed the scan patterns of eye movement for subjects at two experience levels. They describe the experimental procedure in detail, and discuss the results. An important finding was that all subjects needed numerous fixations in most areas of the algorithm and spent more time viewing relevant slide areas than did subjects in studies using simple text. This supports the hypothesis that viewing strategies for algorithms differ from those for prose     

An alternative approach to arrays

This paper presents a new approach to the treatment of arrays in Pascal and Pascal-like languages. The proposed mechanisms allow arrays to be used flexibly in assignments and as parameters to procedures while at the same time preserving the benefits of strong type checking. Several examples to illustrate the mechanisms are presented. Their implementation is also described.     

PMS—A program to make learning Pascal easier

One of the essential tasks in the teaching of a programming language is the introduction of the main constructs of the language—the syntax and semantics of statements, control, procedures, file handling, and so on. Most teachers present this topic by simulating the operation of the computer on the chalkboard by manual tracing of the execution of sample demonstration programs. Upon closer inspection it becomes clear that this task could be performed by the computer itself. A program implementing this idea would help the teacher in the class and the student (who could use the computer to repeat the instructor's performance at any time and on any problem of his choice) both in the class and in study. This article describes a collection of programs called PMS that performs exactly this function for the teaching of Pascal.PMS is organized as a collection of “mimlanguages” each of which demonstrates, and allows the user to experiment with, a certain category of Pascal features using a particular screen representation. Each of the subsystems contains a syntax-driven, screen-oriented translator associated with an interpreter that controls execution and the appropriate screen representation. This modular structure of PMS reflects the fact that programming is always taught by presenting certain essentially disjoint language features individually. In addition to their logical independence, these disjoint concepts also require different graphical approaches for their visual representation and this reinforces the need for modularization of the package.PMS is written in Pascal and runs on several computers including the IBM PC.     

Joyce—A programming language for distributed systems

This paper describes a secure programming language called Joyce based on CSP and Pascal. Joyce permits unbounded (recursive) activation of communicating agents. The agents exchange messages through synchronous channels. A channel can transfer messages of different types between two or more agents. A compiler can check message types and ensure that agents use disjoint sets of variables only. The use of Joyce is illustrated by a variety of examples.