基于CFD模拟的双层玻璃幕墙通风性能研究

双层玻璃幕墙作为新型的建筑外围护结构,对于建筑内部的采光、通风、隔热起着非常重要的作用。衡量双层玻璃幕墙通风性能最重要的两个指标是内部空气流动速度及热传导,利用CFD软件模拟得出与实际数据最吻合的电脑模型,利用这个标准电脑模型的参数,模拟得出不同几何尺寸的双层玻璃幕墙的这两项指标的图像及数据。进一步定量研究影响双层玻璃通风性能的关键几何因素,通过比较得出双层玻璃幕墙通风口及空腔大小对其通风性能的影响的一般规律,并以此来指导商业生产。     

外呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙模拟分析

对某办公建筑的外呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙应用AIRPAK软件进行了模拟分析,比较了自然通风和机械通风在不同风速情况下的流场与温度场。提出了较好的风口布置方式。     

外呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙模拟分析

对某办公建筑的外呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙应用AIRPAK软件进行了模拟分析,比较了自然通风和机械通风在不同风速情况下的流场与温度场.提出了较好的风口布置方式.     

双层玻璃幕墙建筑能耗分析的研究及发展展望

分析了当前国内外关于双层玻璃幕墙建筑能耗计算方法和影响因素的研究现状和进展,提出应结合当地气候特征,采用实验和模拟相结合的方法,深入研究双层玻璃幕墙建筑全年能耗,应采用合理的通风方式,以利于双层玻璃幕墙建筑节能效益的充分发挥。     

呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙设计浅析

介绍了呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙的原理、分类及其特点，并以“敞开式外循环体系呼吸式幕墙”为例，阐述了呼吸式双层幕墙系统的应用，并列举了具体实例进行论述，最后指出智能玻璃幕墙是双层玻璃幕墙的发展趋势，以促进建筑幕墙节能技术的发展。     

浅谈通风双层玻璃幕墙的热过程与节能设计对策

目前,建筑节能成为我国可持续发展战略的一部分,社会对建筑节能的意识也在逐渐增强.建筑围护结构的节能是建筑节能的主要部分,而通风双层玻璃幕墙是提高现代建筑围护结构节能技术的重要策略.给出了双层玻璃幕墙在不同季节的热过程分析,重点介绍了冬、夏季通风双层玻璃幕墙的传热机理和传热模型,在此基础之上指出了提高幕墙建筑节能效果的热工设计对策.     

呼吸式幕墙——给建筑穿上绿色的外衣（二）

5 双层通风玻璃幕墙的气候适应性设计策略 双层通风玻璃幕墙是由内、外层玻璃、热通道空腔间层及相关配件等技术手段共同组成一个可动态适应和积极应变的系统,其对气候要素的利用是建立在对建筑外围护结构技术手段不同层次上运用的基础之上。双层通风玻璃幕墙的气候适应性设计大体可分为材料手段、构造手段和控制手段三个技术层次。     

谈外呼吸式玻璃幕墙设计与施工

根据工程实例着重介绍了外呼吸式玻璃幕墙的设计、施工及质量控制要点,该工程应用外呼吸式玻璃幕墙后节能效果明显,建筑通风质量显著提高,同时增加了室内舒适度。     

呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙建筑节能技术及能耗分析

通过呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙的传热理论分析,建立了能够表征其传热特性的耦合传热数学模型。并以单层玻璃幕墙和中空玻璃幕墙为对象,结合GB50189—2005《公共建筑节能设计标准》,从构件热工性能、建筑最大冷热负荷和全年建筑能耗等三个方面探讨呼吸式双层玻璃幕墙的节能优势。     

双层玻璃幕墙构造及其节能措施

介绍了双层玻璃幕墙的组成及其分类,分析探讨了四种外通风幕墙的气流组织方式,并在玻璃幕墙自身节能特性的基础上,从幕墙玻璃选用、窗框型材的选用以及遮阳的设置等方面提出了提高双层玻璃幕墙节能性能的措施。     

内置遮阳百叶外呼吸双层通风幕墙热工性能研究

对杭州市某建筑的外呼吸式双层通风幕墙进行了热工性能的模拟分析,依据JGJ／T151—2008,采用幕墙门窗热工性能计算软件对内外层幕墙的传热系数、遮阳系数以及可见光透射比等参数进行模拟计算,并计算冬季封闭及夏季通风状态下的传热系数．采用CFD技术对双层通风幕墙空腔内的速度场和温度场进行模拟分析。本研究成果直接指导了该项目双层幕墙的热工设计．且对类似工程具有很好的借鉴价值。     

Thermal behaviour of a ventilated double skin facade in hot arid climate

Modern Movement in architecture has resulted in a large number of high-rise buildings with glazed facades which increase the energy load of the buildings. To combat this phenomenon in colder climates, architects have turned to using double skin facades. These facades comprise of: a completely transparent external facade; an internal skin; and an air layer between the two. Research on the performance of double skin facades mostly considers cold and moderate climates. In addition, data collection is normally based on simulations, rather than actual field measurements. In this paper a building with double skin facade was monitored for 2 weeks in summer and 2 weeks in winter in the hot arid climate of Iran, in order to observe the behaviour of the facade both in hot and cold conditions. Additionally, simulations were performed on the case study building with and without double skin facade, to assess the effectiveness of the facade. The results revealed that the temperature difference between the outer skin, the inner skin and the cavity can significantly save heating energy in winter. To reduce the cooling loads in summer it is essential to introduce additional techniques such as night ventilation and installation of shading devices for the cavity.     

L形和一字形双层幕墙平均风压分布特性的试验研究

双层通风幕墙的抗风设计需考虑外层幕墙的内、外表面风压以及内层幕墙的外表面风压,其风荷载取值不同于普通单层幕墙,使得其风载取值变得复杂。通过多个不同截面形式的模型进行双层幕墙压力分布风洞试验研究。介绍风洞试验模型的设计及数据处理方法,着重分析一字形双层幕墙和L形双层幕墙的内外层幕墙的平均风压分布。试验结果表明:L形双层幕墙和一字形双层幕墙的平均风压分布有很大的不同。对于一字形双层幕墙,无论是正风压还是负风压,都主要作用在内幕墙上,外幕墙除拐角区域外所承担的风压很小。对于L形双层幕墙,其外幕墙的正风压要比内幕墙的风压大;负风压时,L形双层幕墙的短边区域是外幕墙所承担的风压大于内幕墙,其长边区域则是内幕墙所受的风压要大于外幕墙。     

双幕墙长矩形建筑风荷载特性的试验研究

以节能、生态为理念的双幕墙围护体系已逐步应用于高层办公建筑中。由于双幕墙之间存在通风廊道,因此对于双幕墙建筑有三个受风表面,即外层幕墙的内表面和外表面以及内幕墙的外表面,这使得风载取值变得复杂,目前也无规范可依。本文通过对杭州市某双幕墙办公楼的风洞试验研究,探讨了双幕墙建筑内、外层幕墙的风载取值问题;研究了门厅大跨挑篷风压分布特征,当风从侧面吹向挑篷时,挑篷上、下表面风载与普通屋盖挑篷相同,而当风从正面吹向挑篷时,挑篷上表面出现正风压,并对此现象进行了分析;文中针对该建筑物长宽比较大的特点,比较了大长宽比矩形建筑风载体型系数与规范给出的正方形建筑风载体型系数:当风沿建筑物长向流动时,采用规范给出的正方形建筑风载体型系数是可行的,当风沿建筑物进深方向流动时,其两侧及背风面的负压比正方形的大。     

建筑表皮生态设计策略研究

本文以建筑表皮为切入点,着重论述了表皮生态设计策略：自然通风;自然采光;保温隔热：低能耗;集成立面;新技术应用：积极适应当地气候。通过理论和案例相结合方式,充分展现了当代建筑表皮生态设计理念及应用,以及生态建筑表皮主要特征和发展趋势,以期为建筑同行提供参考与借鉴。     

Net-Zero Energy Building Enhancement for a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Platinum Educational Facility

In the United States, university buildings use 17% of total non-residential building energy per year. According to the NREL （National Renewable Energy Laboratory）, the average lifecycle of a building in a university is 42 years with an EUI （energy use intensity） of 23 kWh/m^2/y. Current building and energy codes limit the EUI to 16 kWh/m^2/y for new school buildings; this benchmark can vary depending on climate, occupancy, and other contextual factors. Although the LEED （leadership in energy and environmental design） system provides a set of guidelines to rate sustainable buildings, studies have shown that 28%-35% of the educational LEED-rated buildings use more energy than their conventional counterparts. This paper examines the issues specific to a LEED-rated design addition to an existing university building. The forum, a lecture hall expansion of to an existing building at the University of Kansas, has been proposed as environmentally friendly and energy-efficient building addition. Comfort and health aspects have been considered in the design in order to obtain LEED platinum certificate. The forum＇s energy performance strategies include a double-skin facade to reduce energy consumption and PV （photovoltaic） panels to generate onsite energy. This study considers various scenarios to meet NZEB （net-zero energy building） criteria and maximize energy savings. The feasibility of NZE criteria is evaluated for： （a） seasonal comparison; （b） facility occupancy; （c） PV panels＇ addition in relation to double skin facade. The results of NZEB approach are compared to LEED platinum requirements, based on Rol （return on investment） and PV panel＇s efficiency for this specific educational building.     

Effects of double glazed facade on energy consumption,thermal comfort and condensation for a typical office building in Singapore

Fully glazed facade that has been increasingly used in Singapore causes higher energy consumption and thermal discomfort due to higher solar gain. The use of double glazed facade system with ventilation system is one way to solve these problems. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of double glazed facade with ventilation system on the energy consumption, thermal comfort and condensation and compare to single glazed facade system. TAS and CFD software were utilized to calculate energy consumption, thermal comfort and condensation for single glazed facade building as well as double glazed facade building. The simulation results showed double glazed facade with natural ventilation were able to minimize energy consumption as well as to enhance the thermal comfort. Turning the mechanical fans on could also solve the condensation problem due to high humidity.     

双层幕墙建筑全生命周期评价

随着绿色建筑研究的深入,从全生命周期(LCA)角度评价建筑成为必然,这就要求对建筑物整个生命周期内各阶段消耗的资源和产生的环境负荷进行全面评估。该文以全生命周期的观点评价双层玻璃幕墙,提出双层幕墙的经济成本和环境效益的计算方法,并以杭州地区的应用为案例,分析双层幕墙建筑在该地的适用性。     

北京市既有建筑外窗改造节能效果分析

通过测试改造前后外窗的物理性能（气密性）、冬季采暖时室内外温度、室内房间噪声及建筑物外立面窗口红外热检测等内容,根据测试结果,将改造前和改造后的数据进行对比,对其既有建筑外窗改造后的节能效果进行分析,分析显示,在既有外窗基础上安装密封条和把单玻窗户更换为双玻窗户的改造形式,节能效果显著。     

Field experiments on natural energy utilization in a residential house with a double skin façade system

Energy consumption in the residential and commercial sector accounts for over 25% of the total in Japan. With the information technology revolution and the improving requirement for indoor air environment, energy consumption for household air conditioning is increasing. In this research, a double skin facade is proposed for a two-story house in Kitakyushu of Japan. The stack effect in the double skin space during the summer, the green house effect during the winter and the availability for free air-conditioning during the autumn have been studied. The temperature distribution, thermal performance in the double skin space and its impact on air-conditioning load in rooms have been measured. Results show that the double skin façade leads to about 10–15% energy saving for cooling in the peak of summer because of heat exhausted by natural ventilation, 20–30% energy for heating in winter because of the green house effect, and the temperature adjustment is quite large with the different operation mode of the double skin system during the intermediate seasons. Therefore the double skin system is proved to be effective in energy conservation in residential buildings.