A resource oriented integration architecture for the Internet of Things: A business process perspective

The vision of the Internet of Things (IoT) foresees a future Internet incorporating smart physical objects that offer hosted functionality as IoT services. These services when integrated with the traditional enterprise level services form the creation of ambient intelligence for a wide range of applications. To facilitate seamless access and service life cycle management of large, distributed and heterogeneous IoT resources, service oriented computing and resource oriented approaches have been widely used as promising technologies. However, a reference architecture integrating IoT services into either of these two technologies is still an open research challenge. In this article, we adopt the resource oriented approach to provide an end-to-end integration architecture of front-end IoT devices with the back-end business process applications. The proposed architecture promises a programmer friendly access to IoT services, an event management mechanism to propagate context information of IoT devices, a service replacement facility upon service failure, and a decentralized execution of the IoT aware business processes.     

A computing coordination based fuzzy group decision-making (CC-FGDM) for web service oriented architecture

As the demands for faster data processing and enterprise computing are increasing, the traditional client/server architecture has gradually been replaced by Grid computing or the peer-to-peer (P2P) model which can share the content or resources over the network. In this paper, a new computing architecture – computing power services (CPS) – has been applied to utilize web services and business process execution language for overcoming the issues about flexibility, compatibility and workflow management. CPS is a lightweight web services based computing power-sharing architecture, and suitable for enterprise computing tasks which can be executed in the batch processes within a trusty network. However, a real-time load balance and dispatching mechanism is needed for distributed-computing architecture like CPS in order to handle computing resources efficiently and properly. Therefore, a fuzzy group decision-making based adaptive collaboration design for CPS is proposed in this paper to provide the real-time computation coordination and quality of service. In this study, the approach has been applied to analyze the robustness of digital watermark by filter bank selection and the performance can be improved in the aspect of speedup, stability and processing time. This scheme increases the overall computing performance and shows stability for the dynamic environment.     

SecureSense: End-to-end secure communication architecture for the cloud-connected Internet of Things

Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) has become the de-facto web standard for the IoT. Unlike traditional wireless sensor networks, Internet-connected smart thing deployments require security. CoAP mandates the use of the Datagram TLS (DTLS) protocol as the underlying secure communication protocol. In this paper we implement DTLS-protected secure CoAP for both resource-constrained IoT devices and a cloud backend and evaluate all three security modes (pre-shared key, raw-public key, and certificate-based) of CoAP in a real cloud-connected IoT setup. We extend Sics^thSense– a cloud platform for the IoT– with secure CoAP capabilities, and compliment a DTLS implementation for resource-constrained IoT devices with raw-public key and certificate-based asymmetric cryptography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort toward providing end-to-end secure communication between resource-constrained smart things and cloud back-ends which supports all three security modes of CoAP both on the client side and the server side. SecureSense– our End-to-End (E2E) secure communication architecture for the IoT– consists of all standard-based protocols, and implementation of these protocols are open source and BSD-licensed. The SecureSense evaluation benchmarks and open source and open license implementation make it possible for future IoT product and service providers to account for security overhead while using all standardized protocols and while ensuring interoperability among different vendors. The core contributions of this paper are: (i) a complete implementation for CoAP security modes for E2E IoT security,  (ii) IoT security and communication protocols for a cloud platform for the IoT, and (iii) detailed experimental evaluation and benchmarking of E2E security between a network of smart things and a cloud platform.     

物联网智能物流系统容错服务组合建模与分析

针对物流领域的服务组合存在容错性差和服务不可靠等问题，提出一种基于π网的物联网智能物流系统物流服务容错组合模型。首先，在简单介绍物联网智能物流系统后，给出了物联网智能物流系统的容错服务组合框架；然后，基于π网建立了物联网智能物流系统物流服务容错组合模型，并对模型进行了容错正确性和拟合性分析；最后，对提出的模型进行了服务可靠性、服务故障容错可靠性实验，并与Petri网、QoS动态预测算法、模糊卡诺模型和改进粒子群优化的服务组合方法针对服务组合的执行时间、用户满意度、可靠性和最优度进行对比实验。实验结果表明，所提模型具有更高的服务可靠性和服务故障容错可靠性，同时在服务组合的执行时间、用户满意度、可靠性和最优度等方面也具有一定的优越性。     

A security-and quality-aware system architecture for Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) is characterized, at the system level, by high diversity with respect to enabling technologies and supported services. IoT also assumes to deal with a huge amount of heterogeneous data generated by devices, transmitted by the underpinning infrastructure and processed to support value-added services. In order to provide users with valuable output, the IoT architecture should guarantee the suitability and trustworthiness of the processed data. This is a major requirement of such systems in order to guarantee robustness and reliability at the service level. In this paper, we introduce a novel IoT architecture able to support security, privacy and data quality guarantees, thereby effectively boosting the diffusion of IoT services.     

An architecture for residential Internet telephony service

Network gateways are used to set up calls between the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and the Internet, but existing gateways support a relatively small number of lines. To meet the scalability and availability requirements of mass-market deployment of carrier-grade telephony services, the authors propose an architecture based on the decomposition of Internet gateway functionality. The media transformation function of today's H.323 gateways is separated from the gateway control function, and intelligence is centralized in a call agent. The Media Gateway Control Protocol is introduced; MGCP is an Internet draft currently under discussion by the IETF for standardizing the interface between a call agent and the media transformation gateway     

A secure and quality-aware prototypical architecture for the Internet of Things

The increasing diffusion of services enabled by Internet of Things (IoT) technologies raises several risks associated to security and data quality. Together with the high number of heterogeneous interconnected devices, this creates scalability issues, thereby calling for a flexible middleware platform able to deal with both security threats and data quality issues in a dynamic IoT environment. In this paper a lightweight and cross-domain prototype of a distributed architecture for IoT is presented, providing minimum data caching functionality and in-memory data processing. A number of supporting algorithms for the assessment of data quality and security are presented and discussed. In the presented system, users can request services on the basis of a publish/subscribe mechanism, data from IoT devices being filtered according to users requirements in terms of security and quality. The prototype is validated in an experimental setting characterized by the usage of real-time open data feeds presenting different levels of reliability, quality and security.     

面向服务簇的服务体系结构及服务发现

为了缩减服务查找空间,提高服务发现效率,提出服务簇的概念。将具有相似或相同服务功能的Web服务封装为一个服务簇,构建基于服务簇的服务请求/响应模式。给出了服务簇的形式化定义、面向服务簇的服务体系结构以及服务簇模式下的最优服务发现算法。仿真实验以10000个Web服务作为测试源,在服务簇数目不大于1000时,服务簇模式下的服务查找时间以及服务再查找时间均小于600ms,而当前服务响应模式下,上述时间均大于900ms。实验结果表明：基于服务簇的服务请求/响应模式可以显著提高服务发现效率,并能大幅度降低服务再查找的时间。     

一种面向物联网服务资源优化的调度模型

随着物联网与SOA的发展,物联网环境下以服务为资源的竞争问题越来越凸显.为了解决该问题,从资源优化的角度对该问题进行了研究与建模分析.利用资源调度机制和服务选择机制建立了服务调度模型;然后运用排队论对本模型进行了时延特性分析.模拟实验结果表明,本文的方法能够在有限的服务资源情况下保持服务请求的公平性,缓解高优先级服务请求的时延及时延抖动性,同时能在一定程度上满足用户的个性化需求.     

A hybrid intelligent model for network selection in the industrial Internet of Things

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) plays an important role in increasing productivity and efficiency in heterogeneous wireless networks. However, different domains such as industrial wireless scenarios, small cell domains and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) require an efficient machine learning/intelligent algorithm to process the vertical handover decision that can maintain mobile terminals (MTs) in the preferable networks for a sufficient duration of time. The preferred quality of service parameters can be differentiated from all the other MTs. Hence, in this paper, the problem with the vertical handoff (VHO) decision is articulated as the process of the Markov decision aimed to maximize the anticipated total rewards as well as to minimize the handoffs’ average count. A rewards function is designed to evaluate the QoS at the point of when the connections take place, as that is where the policy decision for a stationary deterministic handoff can be established. The proposed hybrid model merges the biogeography-based optimization (BBO) with the Markov decision process (MDP). The MDP is utilized to establish the radio access technology (RAT) selection’s probability that behaves as an input to the BBO process. Therefore, the BBO determines the best RAT using the described multi-point algorithm in the heterogeneous network. The numerical findings display the superiority of this paper’s proposed schemes in comparison with other available algorithms. The findings shown that the MDP-BBO algorithm is able to outperform other algorithms in terms of number of handoffs, bandwidth availability, and decision delays. Our algorithm displayed better expected total rewards as well as a reduced average account of handoffs compared to current approaches. Simulation results obtained from Monte-Carlo experiments prove validity of the proposed model.     

Ontological map of service oriented architecture for shared services management

Service oriented architecture (SOA) and shared services (SS) have been widely studied in the information technology literature. However, there is a lack of tools for shared services management (SSM) to apply SOA. This paper proposes an ontological map for SSM to apply SOA. This mapping approach, based on the well-known Zachman framework of information architecture, specifies the ontological perspective of SOA for SSM. The ontological map semantically links all aspects of SOA for SSM. Through a case study, a design artifact of computerized ontological map of SOA demonstrates the usability of the artifact for SSM.     

A stream processing architecture for heterogeneous data sources in the Internet of Things

The number of Internet of Things (IoT) and smart devices capable of producing, consuming and exchanging information is constantly increasing. It is estimated there will be around 30 billion of them in 2020. In most cases, the structures of the information produced by such devices are completely different, thus providing heterogeneous information. This is becoming a challenge for researchers working on IoT, who need to perform homogenisation and pre-processing tasks before using the IoT data. This paper aims to provide an architecture for processing and analysing data from heterogeneous sources with different structures in IoT scopes, allowing researchers to focus on data analysis, without having to worry about the structure of the data sources. This architecture combines the real-time stream processing paradigm for information processing and transforming, together with the complex event processing for information analysis. This provides us with capability of processing, transforming and analysing large amounts of information in real time. The results obtained from the evaluation of a real-world case study about water supply network management show that the architecture can be applied to an IoT water management scenario to analyse the information in real time. Additionally, the stress tests successfully conducted for this architecture highlight that a large incoming rate of input events could be processed without latency, resulting in efficient performance of the proposed architecture. This novel software architecture is adequate for automatically detecting situations of interest in the IoT through the processing, transformation and analysis of large amounts of heterogeneous information in real time.     

面向家庭物联网的云计算架构

针对目前家庭物联网智能终端处理方式单一, 生成模式非动态和服务模式人性化程度低等问题, 提出一种面向家庭物联网环境的云计算架构体系。基于MINA框架和JMS消息服务设计出家庭物联网的消息管理机制, 根据HBase数据库设计家庭物联网的数据存储模型以实现数据存储分区, 采用MapReduce技术实现家庭物联网的数据分析及数据挖掘, 从而构建出完备的家庭物联网云框架。最后数据存储、数据分析和挖掘的性能测试结果证明了云计算框架的有效性和高效性。     

物联网与智能海油建设

随着信息技术的不断发展和3G网络的建设,物联网受到广泛关注。文章介绍了将物联网技术应用在油气经营中的各个环节,以实现对人、物进行全面精细化管理,为生产作业提供分析决策,提高作业的安全系数,助推智能海油建设的目的。     

Semantically-enabled service oriented architecture : concepts, technology and application

Semantically enabled service-oriented architecture focused on principles of service orientation, semantic modeling, intelligent and automated integration defines grounds for a cutting-edge technology which enables new means to integration of services, more adaptive to changes in business requirements which occur over systems’ lifetime. We define the architecture starting from a global perspective and through Web service modeling ontology as its semantic service model we narrow down to its services, processes and technology we use for the reference implementation. On a B2B integration scenario we demonstrate several aspects of the architecture and further describe the evaluation of the implementation according to a community-agreed standard evaluation methodology for semantic-based systems.     

A hierarchical, agent-based service oriented architecture for smart environments

Service Oriented Architectures, which allow for the integration of different subsystems and of applications running on different devices and platforms, may be very suitable to solve the problem of service personalization in large smart environments like cities, where the number of potential users and potentially available services is rapidly growing. Taking this into account, we have designed an agent-based service oriented architecture for smart spaces. Two of the greatest challenges in the design of such a solution are providing effective device, service and context federation and composition mechanisms and handling user mobility. For the first challenge, we have designed a hierarchical architecture and developed a set of inheritance, aggregation and access mechanisms for devices, services and context. To handle user mobility, we have followed three different strategies, using stationary, mobile or nomadic agents. In this paper, we describe the main aspects of our architecture and perform an experimental evaluation to determine the advantages and drawbacks of the different strategies.     

物联网在社区卫生服务中的应用

通过对作为社区医疗机构的社区医院和健康小屋的研究和探讨,总结归纳了两者的特点、现状和异同,以及两者目前存在的一些问题,并探讨了针对这些问题可能的解决方法,指出了在新的信息化医疗体系中,电子健康档案的重要性以及其对于解决社区医疗机构现存问题的帮助。     

面向服务架构若干关键问题研究

面向服务架构(SOA)是分布式系统构造理念发展的一个新阶段.如何将SOA应用到实践中是目前业界的研究热点所在.探讨了支撑和实施SOA的关键问题,涉及SOA的设计原则、编程模型、实现技术和架构元素等,并深入分析了Web服务、企业服务总线等核心技术、规范,对于SOA实践具有一定的指导作用.     

面向服务架构的云计算平台

介绍了云计算的定义和服务模式,阐述了目前信息化管理和架构中存在的普遍问题,结合面向服务的软件架构技术发展现状,提出融合面向服务架构( SOA)技术的云计算服务平台,对于信息化建设中降低成本、系统重整和业务重组具有战略意义。     

Design and implementation of a service oriented architecture for peer-assisted video-on-demand

Compared with the traditional client/server streaming model, peer-assisted video streaming has been shown to provide better scalability with lower infrastructure cost. In this paper, we describe how peer-assisted video streaming can be implemented through real-time service oriented architecture. The first part of the paper presents an overall design of the Peer-Assisted ContenT Service (PACTS). We discuss the motivation, principles and service oriented architecture of PACTS modules and specify the workflow among them. By organizing elements of traditional video streaming and peer-to-peer computing into loosely-coupled composable middleware services and distributing them among participating entities, PACTS enables high-quality low-cost video streaming at a large scale and in real time. The second part of the paper describes an implementation of PACTS using existing off-the-shelf software followed by a performance evaluation based on practical environment settings. We illustrate the challenges and our approaches in designing distributed and highly efficient algorithms. In particular, the algorithms for performing peering-selection and incentive-driven pre-fetching are studied in detail. These designs are extensively evaluated by packet-level simulations. We show that our implementation of PACTS effectively offload server’s bandwidth demand without sacrificing the service quality. This benefit is further verified in dynamic settings with system churns. The simulation results show that the incentive mechanism from our service level agreement efficiently stabilizes the server bandwidth utilization with less than 4.5% control traffic overhead.