氮化硅陶瓷材料微波烧结研究现状

氮化硅是一种具有优良性能的陶瓷材料,是一种理想的高温结构材料和高速切削刀具材料,近年来随着微波技术的发展,氮化硅的微波烧结越来越受关注。本文简述了氮化硅陶瓷材料传统烧结与微波烧结的研究现状;比较分析了各种烧结技术制备的氮化硅陶瓷的微观结构和力学性能,得出了微波烧结氮化硅陶瓷的优越性;最后提出氮化硅陶瓷微波烧结在未来研究中还需解决的问题。     

低介电常数多孔氮化硅陶瓷材料的制备

采用有机泡沫前躯体浸渍工艺制备了低介电、低密度的氮化硅陶瓷。以氮化硅粉体为主要原料,制备粘度和流动性合适的水基料浆,并以软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料为载体,在真空状态下浸渍,然后在氧化气氛下排塑,在氮气气氛下烧结,得到了低介电常数的多孔氮化硅陶瓷材料。所制备的材料性能可达到：容积密度为0.12g/cm3、介电常数为1.15、介电...     

酚醛树脂热分解残留碳对气压烧结氮化硅陶瓷材料的影响

在氮化硅粉料中加入酚醛树脂(PR),采用气氛压力烧结法(GPS)制备了氮化硅陶瓷,研究了酚醛树脂热分解后残留碳对氮化硅陶瓷气孔分布、微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:酚醛树脂热分解后的残留碳会降低氮化硅陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性、相对密度,气孔的尺寸增大和数量增多.其原因是残留碳作为一个组元形成了富碳液相,促进Y2SiAlO5N和Al8SiC7晶相从Y-Al-Si-O-N液相中析出,并改变了玻璃相在氮化硅晶粒间分布和促进晶粒长大,同时在晶粒间留下微观孔洞.     

Si_3N_4材料氧化的热力学分析

本文利用热力学计算的方法．分析了Si3N4材料在高温下发生氧化反应的可能性以及在氧化过程中的氧化反应方式。通过对Si3N4氧化和生成Si2N2O的热力学计算，得到了Si3N4氧化反应的△G°与温度之间的关系图和Si-N－O系统的相关系图，同时对Si3N4材料的氧化反应方式进杆了分析和讨论，揭示了发生“钝化氢化”和“活化氧化”的条件。     

高频等离子体气相反应合成氮化硅超细粉系统的热力学分析

本文采用Solgasmix-PV计算机程序计算了气相反应合成氮化硅超细粉的Si-N-H-Cl四元系的多相平衡。从理论上考察了温度、氮气、氢气、氨气流量对平衡时氮化硅摩尔数的影响。 本文还介绍了依据热力学分析,用高频N_2等离子体作为热源,NH_3、H_2、SiCl_4为反应气体合成Si_3N_4粉末的实验结果。高压电镜观察表明粉末粒度小于0.μm。化学分析测出的粉末组成为:N>37、O<3,C<0.1,Fe<0.01、Al<0.01、Ca<0.01、Mg<0.01(wt％)。粉末呈白色,非晶态。     

影响多孔氮化硅结构陶瓷材料性能的因素

多孔氮化硅陶瓷是一种新型功能陶瓷,它密度低,气孔率高,相对介电常数较小,抗腐蚀耐热性能良好,使用寿命长,且相对介电常数可以根据气孔率的多少进行调节,可在较大温度范围内正常使用,优异的性能使其在航天透波天线罩材料方面有很大的应用空间,是一种理想的新型高性能天线罩候选材料,已被广泛应用于航空航天,民用设备等领域。本文主要分析了多孔氮化硅结构陶瓷材料性能的影响因素。     

Ti-N-C-O系的热力学分析与相平衡

本文从热力学的角度分析了TiO2碳热还原反应制备TiC、TiN在不同的PCO、PN2下的最佳温度范围,并绘制了各相稳定存在与PCO、PN2的关系图.     

多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料研究进展

多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料具有优异的机械性能、耐热性能及介电性能,成为透波材料科学研究领域中的热点之一。本文介绍了多孔氮化硅陶瓷的主要制备技术,并对国内外多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料的应用研究进展进行了综述。     

Silicon Nitride and Related Materials

Silicon nitride has been researched intensively, largely in response to the challenge to develop internal combustion engines with hot-zone components made entirely from ceramics. The ceramic engine programs have had only partial success, but this research effort has succeeded in generating a degree of understanding of silicon nitride and of its processing and properties, which in many respects is more advanced than of more widely used technical ceramics. This review examines from the historical standpoint the development of silicon nitride and of its processing into a range of high-grade ceramic materials. The development of understanding of microstructure–property relationships in the silicon nitride materials is also surveyed. Because silicon nitride has close relationships with the SiAlON group of materials, it is impossible to discuss the one without some reference to the other, and a brief mention of the development of the SiAlONs is included for completeness.     

Si3N4／Si3N4陶瓷连接的研究进展

本文综述了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷连接的研究现状，论述不同连接工艺对接头强度的影响。     

Si3N4及其复合材料强韧化研究进展

简述了氮化硅陶瓷的结构、性能和制备工艺，并分别通过自增韧补强、纤维／晶须强韧化、层状结构强韧化、相变强韧化以及颗粒弥散强韧化等方法对氮化硅陶瓷的强韧化研究进行了分类叙述。     

Fabrication of Machinable Silicon Carbide-Boron Nitride Ceramic Nanocomposites

SiC/BN nanocomposite powders with the microstructure of micrometer-sized SiC particles coated with nanometer-sized BN particles were prepared via a chemical reaction, which used a mixture of boric acid (H₃BO₃) and urea (CO(NH₂)₂) as reactants coated on the surface of the SiC particles to react under a nitrogen-gas atmosphere. The results of XRD, TEM, and SAED studies showed that the coating layer (BN) was composed mostly of amorphous and nanometer-sized BN particles at the reaction temperature of 850°C. When the nanocomposite powders were hot-pressed at 1850°C, machinable SiC/BN ceramic nanocomposites with fine grain size and homogeneous microstructure were fabricated. The composite that contained 20 wt% BN exhibited high strength (the three-point bending strength was 588.4 ± 26.8 MPa) and excellent machinability.     

Reactivity of Aluminum Nitride Powder in Aqueous Silicon Nitride and Silicon Carbide Slurries

The reactivity of AlN powder with water in supernatants obtained from centrifuged Si₃N₄ and SiC slurries was studied by monitoring the pH versus time. Various Si₃N₄ and SiC powders were used, which were fabricated by different production routes and had surfaces oxidized to different degrees. The reactivity of the AlN powder in the supernatants was found to depend strongly on the concentration of dissolved silica in these slurries relative to the surface area of the AlN powder in the slurry. The hydrolysis of AlN did not occur if the concentration of dissolved silica, with respect to the AlN powder surface, was high enough (1 mg SiO₂/(m² AlN powder)) to form a layer of aluminosilicates on the AlN powder surface. This assumption was verified by measuring the pH of more concentrated (31 vol%) Si₃N₄ and SiC suspensions also including 5 wt% of AlN powder (with respect to the solids).     

Silicon Nitride Joining Using Silica and Yttria Ceramic Interlayers

Dense hot-pressed β-Si₃N₄ blocks were joined using both SiO₂ and SiO₂-Y₂O₃ powder slurries as bonding interlayers. The assembled specimens (Si₃N₄/interlayer/Si₃N₄) were heated in a flowing N₂ atmosphere in the temperature range of 1500°–1650°C. The joining interlayer was clearly distinguished from the Si₃N₄ bulk. The microstructure and the reaction products found in the bonding interlayer were very different in both compositions. Reactions occurring between the Si₃N₄ and the ceramic joining compositions have been explained based on existing diagrams of the YN–Si₃N₄-Y₂O₃-SiO₂ system.     

Machinability of Silicon Nitride/Boron Nitride Nanocomposites

The machinability and deformation mechanism of Si₃N₄/BN nanocomposites were investigated in the present work. The fracture strength of Si₃N₄/BN microcomposites remarkably decreased with increased hexagonal graphitic boron nitride ( h -BN) content, although machinability was somewhat improved. However, the nanocomposites fabricated using the chemical method simultaneously had high fracture strength and good machinability. Hertzian contact tests were performed to clarify the deformation behavior by mechanical shock. As a result of this test, the damage of the monolithic Si₃N₄ and Si₃N₄/BN microcomposites indicated a classical Hertzian cone fracture and many large cracks, whereas the damage observed in the nanocomposites appeared to be quasi-plastic deformation.     

Fabrication and Microstructure of Silicon Nitride/Boron Nitride Nanocomposites

A chemical process for fabrication of Si₃N₄/BN nanocomposite was devised to improve the mechanical properties. Si₃N₄/BN nanocomposites containing 0 to 30 vol% hexagonal BN ( h -BN) were successfully fabricated by hot-pressing α-Si₃N₄ powders, on which turbostratic BN ( t -BN) with a disordered layer structure was partly coated. The t -BN coating on α-Si₃N₄ particles was prepared by reducing and heating α-Si₃N₄ particles covered with a mixture of boric acid and urea. TEM observations of this nanocomposite revealed that the nanosized hexagonal BN ( h -BN) particles were homogeneously dispersed within Si₃N₄ grains as well as at grain boundaries. As expected from the rules of composites, Young's modulus of both micro- and nanocomposites decreased with an increase in h -BN content, while the fracture strength of the nanocomposites prepared in this work was significantly improved, compared with the conventional microcomposites.