3-D FEM analysis of the temperature field and the thermal stress for plastics thermalforming

The FEM software ARVIP-3D is developed to simulate the deformation, temperature field, thermal stress and warpage of 3-D plastics thermalforming and blow molding. Temperature has a great effect on plastics forming behavior by influencing the material performance parameters, the fluid viscosity and the fluid behavior exponent. Combined with the rigid–visco-plastic FEM equation for forming computation, the Arrhenius and Williams equation for viscosity computation, the Calerkin FEM equation for the temperature field, the FEM software is developed. Whilst simulating the 3-D temperature field, the dynamic heat-conduction boundary condition is adopted, latent heat and deformation heat being treated as dynamic internal heat source in FEM equation. The computational results of adopting the analytical method and the FEM program developed by the authors indicate that the program of analyzing the temperature field is accurate. The simulation result of the temperature distribution corresponding to the thickness distribution agrees well with the experimental results of other researchers. This provides the theoretical basis and a guide for acquiring the thickness distribution of a part by a simple, convenient and non-destructive temperature measurement in practical production, and provides a useful tool to optimize the technique to secure an even distribution of thickness in the part. The warpage and thermal-stress analysis can predict defects and optimize the cooling system to secure an even temperature distribution within the part to assure the part's final shape, practical performance and strength.     

圆柱体扭压成形的热力耦合分析

扭压成形工艺和一般镦粗相比有许多优点［１～３］。考虑到成形过程中温度与变形间的热力耦合效应，作者运用刚粘塑性有限元方法，详细分析了高温下圆柱体的扭压成形的变形规律。结果表明：扭压成形能降低成形压力，促使变形均匀，增加变形量；成形的温度、摩擦和变形速度对整个变形过程都产生较大的影响。     

基于ABAQUS平台对球冠结构焊接变形的数值试验

球冠结构在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形是关系到结构安全性能的重要指标.为了保证球冠焊接构件的可靠性,准确推断球冠结构焊接变形,有必要针对球冠结构的焊接变形进行数值试验分析.基于大型有限元软件ABAQUS开发相应的焊接程序,对焊接过程中温度场、结构变形进行了数值模拟,并将模拟结果与相关理论值及试验值进行对比分析.结果表明,数值试验结果与理论结果基本吻合,满足工程要求.在此基础上,对球冠结构的焊接过程进行三维有限元分析,得到了球冠结构焊接变形随球冠壁厚、焊接坡口形式及焊接顺序的变化规律,为控制结构的焊接变形提供了依据.     

AerMet100钢热挤压变形过程数值模拟

建立了AerMet100钢热挤压过程的瞬态温度场和应力场三维限元数学模型，在热力耦合与刚粘塑性有限元分析基础上采用DEFORM软件模拟了AerMet100钢的热挤压变形过程，得出了热挤压过程中坯料心部温度先升高后下降，心部最高，与模具接触区温度下降较快；坯料应力不断增大，且外侧比心部增长快；坯料在工作带处应力较大。     

差温无模锻造的三维FEM模拟与分析

为探索差温无模锻造技术在成形齿形类锻件中的应用,首先建立了差温加热的三维温度场有限元分析模型,并通过正交实验法确定了在两种不同加热方式下最佳温度场的工艺匹配,在此基础上进行了两种不同热加载方式的变形模拟.通过变形模拟分析可知:无论采用哪种热加载方式,镦粗锻件局部突出变形都不是特别大.利用差温无模锻造技术来成形具有多个较大局部突出的齿形类锻件有一定的难度,但可作为初锻的一种成形方法.     

带钢热轧过程中温度演变的数值模拟和实验研究

采用三维大变形弹塑性有限元法,耦合温度场和应力、应变场,应用ABQUS软件的二次开发用户子程序模块,建立了热轧过程 中的界面换热模型,对热轧IF带钢进行了温度场的数值模拟,开发了热轧过程中的是测温技术,在实验轧机对上带钢内部温度变化进行在线测量,以测结果修正了界面换热系数模型,利用所建立的传热模型对带钢热轧过程进行了模拟计算,考虑了轧制过程压下量、初始变形温度对温度场变化的影响,结果表明模拟与实测的温度场基本吻合。     

3D FEM simulations and experimental validation of plastic deformation of pure aluminum deformed by ECAP and combination of ECAP and direct extrusion

Rigid-viscoplastic 3D finite element simulations (3D FEM) of the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), the combination of ECAP + extrusion with different extrusion ratios, and direct extrusion of pure aluminum were performed and analyzed. The 3D FEM simulations were carried out to investigate the load–displacement behavior, the plastic deformation characteristics and the effective plastic strain homogeneity of Al-1080 deformed by different forming processes. The simulation results were validated by microstructure observations, microhardness distribution maps and the correlation between the effective plastic strain and the microhardness values. The 3D FEM simulations were performed successfully with a good agreement with the experimental results. The load–displacement curves and the peak load values of the 3D FEM simulations and the experimental results were close from each other. The microhardness distribution maps were in a good conformity with the effective plastic strain contours and verifying the 3D FEM simulations results. The ECAP workpiece has a higher degree of deformation homogeneity than the other deformation processes. The microhardness values were calculated based on the average effective plastic strain. The predicted microhardness values fitted the experimental results well. The microstructure observations in the longitudinal and transverse directions support the 3D FEM effective plastic strain and microhardness distributions result in different forming processes.     

棒材连轧过程变形区内外温度场分析

采用有限元方法分析了棒材连续热轧中变形区及出变形区时轧件横断面温度场。可以看出变形区内热接触作用对轧件表面温度有较大的影响,使得温度梯度较大;同时轧件出变形区后温度梯度逐渐减小。这一结果对于指导分析轧件的微观组织变化有重要意义。     

三维有限变形弹塑性有限元的研究

有限变形弹塑性有限法由于 考虑到材料非线性、几何非线性而使计算收敛困难,有时甚至发散。     

双辊薄带连铸结晶辊热变形研究

利用热力耦合有限元方法,对薄带连铸结晶辊的温度场和热变形进行研究,给出了浇注温度、浇注速度和冷却水流量对结晶辊温度场和热变形的影响规律,并利用有限元方法设计了初始辊形,有效地改善了铸带厚度的均匀性.     

金属成形过程中热力耦合分析技术的研究

金属成形过程中，温度对金属的变形行为具有很大影响，尤其是高温成形过程。基于有限元的热力耦合分析是研究金属变形的有效方法，本文对热力耦合分析技术进行了系统的研究，推导了有限元公式，提出了耦合分析的计算模式。开发了通用的分析二维金属成形过程的有限元分析软件Ｓ—ＦＯＲＧＥ。通过对圆柱体镦粗实验的模拟，说明了该方法和软件的正确性。     

大型曲轴弯曲镦锻过程的热力耦合分析

针对三维非稳态热变形过程 ,研究了热力耦合分析时的关键技术 ,并提出了相关算法。通过对大型曲轴RR法镦锻过程的三维刚粘塑性有限元热力耦合数值模拟 ,分析了温度场变化对毛坯内塑性变形分布及其成形尺寸的影响 ,为优化模具设计和提高成形质量提供了可靠的理论依据。     

SIMULATON ON WELDING PROCESS OF T - JOINTS

1.lhtroductionBecauseaweldmentislocallyheatedbytheweldingheatsource,itstemperaturefieldisextremelynon--deformspatiallyandtime--depended.Thereforethestrainandstressareverycomplexinweldingprocess,WhichincreasetheweldingdefectsandhaveimportanteffectontheqUalityofweldingstmctures.Correctingunacceptablewelddistortionaswellasdecreasingweldingresidualstressisverycosily,andinsomecasesimpossible.SothedevelopmentofpropertechniqUesforreducingandcontrollingdistortionorweldingresidualstresswouldleadtomore…     

轴向进给辊轧热力耦合有限元模拟

利用商品化软件Deform3D对轴向进给辊轧变形过程 ,进行了三维有限元分析 ,得到了三维变形状态下轧件的温度场。网格重划技术和热力耦合的运用 ,更加精确地描述了整个变形过程。本研究对合理确定轴向进给辊轧工艺参数、提高产品质量具有重要意义     

The Effect of Temperature Condition on Material Deformation and Die Wear

The characteristics of temperature change on die and billet are very complex during the deformation process because of the interaction between them and some unstable external factors. In this paper, the numerical simulation model for the crank shaft die forging was established by means of the rigid-plastic FEM method. The model was validated by optical non-contact 3D measurement—ATOS. Based on available research results, this paper explored the effect of temperature conditions on material deformation and die wear. Three parameters, press velocity and initial temperature of billet and die, were chosen to illustrate the effects. From the experimental results, the effect of process parameters on deformation ability of the material is simple, while the effect on die wear is relatively complicated. The press velocity plays an important role on die wear when the initial temperature of the billet has larger influence on material deformation. A conclusion can be drawn that when the initial temperature of the billet is 1100 °C, the initial temperature of the die is 250 °C, and the velocity is kept in the range of 200-300 mm/s, the optimum solution for deformation ability of the material and die wear can be obtained. It is possible for the conclusion to be extended further for the control of temperature condition to optimize die life and material deformation.     

钼粉烧结体近等温包套锻造过程的数值模拟

针对钼的变形抗力大、韧性差、脆性明显以及高温氧化等特点,本文采用了等温锻造与粉末包套锻造相结合的工艺来提高钼制品的性能。运用DEFORM-2D软件对钼粉烧结体近等温包套镦粗成形过程进行数值模拟,研究不同工艺参数对坯料致密度、变形均匀性和表面平整度的影响规律。近等温包套锻造工艺对钼粉烧结体有较好的致密效果,锻后坯料接近全致密,且密度分布较均匀。随锻造温度的升高,坯料的平均相对密度差异较小,密度分布均匀性逐渐变好。变形速度对坯料变形的影响不显著。随摩擦系数的增加坯料平均相对密度逐渐增大,密度分布均匀性变差,且坯料的平整度降低,外观质量变差。通过正交试验分析得知,锻造温度对平均相对密度和变形均匀性影响最显著,摩擦系数是影响坯料平整度的主要因素。     

RESEARCH ON INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON A PRECISION FORGING PROCESS OF BLADE WITH A TENON

1. Introduction A blade is one of the most important components used in an aero-engine. Blade forging is a three- dimensional (3D) complex forming process with high temperature and large plastic deformation. During the forging process of blade, plastic wo…     

不同规格高速线材减定径轧制变形和温度分析

为确定不同规格高速线材减定径轧制轧件变形和温度变化,借助有限元模拟的方法研究了4道次减定径轧制过程。模拟3种产品规格为φ8,φ12,φ16mm的圆钢。研究表明：高速线材减定径轧制产品规格越小,轧件变形程度和温升越大;轧件温升与等效塑性应变有关,轧件断面温度不均主要是由不均匀变形引起的。     

筒形件反旋的三维刚塑性有限元分析

采用三维刚塑性有限元对筒形件反旋进行了分析。建立了筒形件反旋的三维分析模型，获得了旋轮作用区域和其周转区域的应变速率和应力的分布，较好地解释了工艺的变形规律，计算得到了旋轮前锥角对旋压三分力的影响关系以及使总旋压力最小的旋轮前锥角。有限元分析获得的变形区的分布与试验结果相符。     

联合穿轧机锥形辊与桶形辊附加变形分析对比

以锥形三辊联合穿轧机为研究对象,应用MARC三维非线性有限元模拟分析软件对实心圆坯进行联合穿轧过程热力耦合数值模拟,对其联合穿轧过程的多余剪切变形与桶形辊进行对比,分析其在联合穿轧过程中钢管的表面质量,扭转附加变形以及横裂等方面的影响,为锥形联合穿轧机的设计提供理论依据。