Development of GIS fault location system using pressure wavesensors

This paper describes a series of development tests carried out when developing a GIS (gas insulated substation) fault location system using pressure wave sensors for a GIS with a main bus in which each gas section per bay is connected by gas piping. This paper also refers to the basic construction of the software of the fault location system actually applied to a GIS with a rated voltage of less than 168 kV     

基于PVDF柔性压电薄膜传感器的GIS故障快速定位系统的研究

利用新型PVDF柔性压电薄膜设计出了一种用于检测和定位GIS闪络故障位置的装置,为验证基于新型PVDF压电薄膜传感器GIS故障快速定位装置的可靠性,设置了GIS交流耐压试验中四种典型的导致GIS发生闪络的缺陷模型,开展了不同放电缺陷模型下的GIS闪络故障定位装置实用性研究。研究表明:通过比较各气室声强大小,基于新型PVDF压电薄膜传感器GIS故障快速定位系统能快速有效定位GIS故障位置,避免重复打压对GIS绝缘造成累积性的破坏。     

配电网络故障区段定位新方法

针对小电流接地系统故障定位问题,提出了一种利用暂态纯故障分量的配电网故障区段定位方法。该方法在计算故障后各检测点的暂态零模功率纯故障分量近似熵值的基础上,求取出各区段的比例因子值,进而通过与主站中的阈值比较大小来判定故障位置。大量的ATP仿真表明,无论是母线故障还是分支线路区段故障,该方法均能准确判定出故障位置。另外,基于近似熵算法的故障判定方法,不需要各检测点精确时间同步,适合于实际的故障定位系统。     

气体绝缘全封闭组合电器母线跳闸快速恢复方案

由于气体绝缘全封闭组合电器(GIS)设备的封闭特性,GIS设备的事故处理较敞开式设备更加复杂。文中对GIS母线跳闸后试送电源的选择、线路、主变试送方案等关键问题进行了分析,提出一套GIS母线跳闸事故的快速恢复供电方案。该方案在母线跳闸后仅利用故障录波信息采用差动、方向保护原理准确定位故障区域,试送失电间隔时手动置位母线保护对应间隔的刀闸位置,线路/主变保护无需修改、恢复临时保护定值,保证试送过程中线路、主变、母线故障均可由快速无延时保护动作切除,提高了恢复供电速度和电网运行稳定性,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

浅谈SF6气体酸度测定在GIS设备故障气室判断上的应用

SF6GIS设备在电力系统中的应用越来越广泛,建立运行中的GIS设备故障气室判断的有效检测手段和方法,对此类电气设备进行高效维护和检修显得尤其重要。为此,介绍了深圳供电局利用SF6气体酸度仪测定和查找220kV经贸变电站110kVGIS设备故障气室的方法和经验,可为快速判断GIS设备故障气室提供参考。     

母线导体插入深度不足导致GIS对地故障原因分析

基于对近年来出现的GIS母线内部发生的对地短路故障原因的检查及分析,介绍了对ZF6-252型GIS母线导体滑动连接及固定连接方式的检查情况,根据检查结果分析了出现导体插入深度不够的原因,提出了从设计和现场安装上进行防范的措施。     

基于PCI总线的行波数据采集系统

在行波故障测距中,传统的数据采集系统无法满足采集高速变化的暂态电压、电流行波的要求,难以实现故障的精确定位。笔者研制了一种基于PCI总线的高速数据采集系统,介绍了系统原理和硬件电路。以现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)作为中央处理器,通过高速A／D转换、同步动态随机存储器(Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory,SDRAM)和先进先出(First In First Out,FIFO)高速缓冲存储及PCI总线传输实现高速数据采集。该系统可实现高达100MHz的采样频率,能有效解决输电线路暂态行波的采集问题,在故障定位及微机保护中均能得到广泛应用。     

气体绝缘开关设备局部放电特高频在线监测技术及应用

分析了各种气体绝缘开关(gas insulated switchgear,GIS)局部放电检测方法,认为特高频(ultra high frequency,UHF)法抗干扰能力较强,检测效率较高,可实现在线监测、故障模式识别及定位。以一起UHF在线监测系统发现的GIS设备缺陷为例,分析并总结运行经验。运行经验表明,对连续性的局部放电信号要重点关注,应监测24 h局部放电的发展情况,必要时利用便携式设备进行复测,排除现场干扰,确定故障位置,进行解体处理。通过安装GIS设备局部放电UHF在线监测系统,可发现GIS设备隐患,有效保证电力系统的安全稳定运行。     

GIS母线温度在线监测技术研究进展

温度在线监测作为电力设备故障诊断的一个重要手段,如果能够用于GIS的状态监测中,将为GIS的正常运行提供进一步的保障。目前,国内外对GIS母线温度在线监测已经做了一些研究,但尚不能达到实用化程度。笔者对当前GIS母线温度在线监测的研究进展进行介绍,主要包括红外辐射探测技术以及红外热诊断技术两种测温手段,同时,对其需进一步探讨的问题进行了分析。由于GIS母线温度在线监测技术还处于研究阶段,为实现其实用化,相关技术还需要进一步完善。笔者对其今后的研究工作进行了总结和展望。     

A backup wide‐area protection technique for power transmission network

This paper proposes a wide‐area backup protection technique for transmission lines using a limited number of synchronized phasor measurement units. A binary integral linear programming is used for optimal placement of phasor measurement units to achieve fault observability. The positive‐sequence voltage and current components are utilized for the detection and location of transmission lines faults. The proposed technique considers the randomness of faults on the transmission grid, different fault types, frequency fluctuations, synchronization and measurement errors, different fault inception angles, and different fault resistances, as well as various loading conditions. The proposed scheme is applied to the Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 9‐bus test system and the New England 39‐bus test system. Simulation results prove that the proposed protection scheme can detect and locate all transmission line faults correctly. © 2017 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

专家系统方法在配电网输电线故障测距中的应用

从研究小电流接地系统故障的故障特性出发 ,利用专家系统的方法 ,对小电流接地系统的各种故障进行故障分类及判别。如果判断出是单相接地故障 ,则应用插值法进行输电线路的故障测距。在采用插值法进行故障测距时 ,输电线路采用分布参数模型 ,充分考虑到输电线的分布电容对故障测距的影响。本方案的故障测距的精度可达 5 % ,对于配电网的输电线的故障测距 ,此方法是较为可行的     

气体绝缘组合电器主接线形式存在的问题及优化分析

针对气体绝缘组合电器(Gas Insulated Switchgear,GIS)主接线形式的特殊性,以GIS双母线主接线形式为例,提出GIS对变电站运行存在的问题,分析在变电站扩建、故障检修期间进行耐压试验时,GIS主接线问题发生的原因,提出GIS主接线形式的优化建议。     

一起220kV线路故障跳闸引起母线故障的思考

通过一起线路故障跳闸引起GIS母线故障跳闸的实例,提出了GIS母线故障的处理方法和改进措施。同时调度员的素质在事故处理中起着重要作用,应加强对调度员的培训和行业管理工作     

应用SF6气体分解产物的高压开关设备故障诊断

全封闭式组合电器（gas insulated switchgear,GIS）、SF6断路器等高压开关设备广泛应用于110kV及以上电压等级的电网中,设备故障诊断及状态判断是亟待解决的关键问题。分析SF6开关设备发生放电、过热等故障产生的气体分解产物,提出不同故障类型的分解产物特征气体,比较设备故障诊断现有判据,提出开关...     

基于LSSVM和混沌理论改进人工蜂群优化算法的GIS母线接头温度预测*

GIS母线接头过热已成为典型的过热性故障,为实现GIS母线接头温度的准确预测,在研究最小二乘支持向量机(Least Squares Support Vector Machines,LSSVM)算法的基础上,引入混沌理论改进的人工蜂群算法对LSSVM的参数进行优化,建立了一种基于参数优化LSSVM的GIS母线接头温度预测模型。通过GIS母线温度物理模拟实验,将实验所获得的负荷电流、GIS母线筒外壳测点温度及环境温度作为输入量,GIS母线接头温度作为输出量,对该模型进行了训练。结果表明,该模型的预测误差仅为0. 193%,优于ABC-LSSVM、LSSVM和RBF神经网络。提出的温度预测模型可实现母线接头温度的精确预测,为防止GIS母线接头过热性故障的研究奠定了基础。     

一起220kV GIS设备内部故障引起的保护动作分析

六氟化硫封闭式组合电器(GIS)设备在电力系统中得到广泛运用.但是由于GIS在电流互感器(TA)布置方面的特殊性及GIS设备故障的隐蔽性,往往给事故分析带来一定的难度,因此提高GIS设备故障的二次分析能力,对于快速判断故障点,保障系统安全运行有重要意义.文中通过一起220 kV GIS设备内部故障引起的保护动作实例,结...     

Multiphase transmission line modeling for voltage sag estimation

This paper presents a novel approach for voltage sag indices calculation based on instantaneous voltage estimation. The estimation uses traditional state estimation where redundant measurements are available. The estimation is based on time domain state estimation which uses time domain modeling of the power network. The time domain current monitoring is used to have linear mapping and to achieve high performance of voltage sag estimation. The fault estimation procedure is prior of the voltage sag estimation. This paper shows a possible for fault instance detection, fault location identification and fault type estimation method that are required to estimate voltage sag for different line models utilizing residual analysis and topology error processing. Lumped parameter and distributed parameter transmission line modeling are developed to estimate instantaneous voltage at a three-phase power system in time domain. Magnitude and duration of voltage sag as main indices are calculated from the estimated instantaneous bus voltage. The performance of the novel approach is tested on IEEE 14 bus system and the results are shown.     

Augmentation of situational awareness byfault passage indicators in distributionnetwork incorporating networkreconfiguration

Power distribution systems are profoundly inclined to disturbances like untimely switching of breakers & relays, sympathetic tripping, and uncertainties regarding fault location. Thus, system stability and reliability are greatly affected. In this way, situational awareness and system integrity are the crucial factors in developing power system security, as it empowers successful decision making & timely reaction by the operators to any disturbance and also maintaining continuity of power supply. This paper focuses on the enhancement of situational awareness by fault location through fault passage indicators (FPI) to improve nominal impedance-based methods in distribution networks. Also, the proposed method is validated by comparing it with Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) based fault location method. Further, simultaneous reconfiguration of the system is incorporated to maintain the continuity of supply. The analysis has been tested on IEEE 33 bus distribution system.     

Improved fault location algorithm for radial distribution systems with discrete and continuous wavelet analysis

This paper presents a novel wavelet based approach for fault location using voltage transient waveforms in power distribution systems. The proposed method includes two main stages. Firstly, the approximate location of the fault or fault section is determined using a new algorithm with discrete wavelet transform. The difference between arriving times of transient components in different measurement units is used for this purpose. The accurate location of the fault is determined in the second stage. Depending on the determined fault section, the difference between arriving times of transient components in different measurement units or the frequency content of the voltage transients are used. The time difference and frequency content are calculated using discrete and continuous wavelet transform (DWT and CWT) respectively. The proposed technique is implemented on an unbalanced 34 bus distribution system with two distributed generation units which is simulated in ATP–EMTP. The comparison of the results of the proposed method with previous works verifies its better accuracy and more robustness to fault conditions including fault inception angle and fault resistance.     

基于GIS的配电网故障定位系统

针对配电网的故障定位问题,综述了配电网常见的故障类型和常用的故障定位方法,介绍了基于地理信息系统（GIS）的配电网故障定位系统的基本配置结构,以及故障定位方法、故障隔离原理和供电恢复原则,提出了系统应用中应注意的几个重要问题。实际应用表明,基于GIS的配电网故障定位与处理效果较为理想。