Intact soft clay’s critical response to dynamic stress paths on different combinations of principal stress orientation

Comprehensive tests on Hangzhou intact soft clay were performed, which were used to obtain the soils’ critical response to undrained dynamic stress paths under different combinations of principal stress orientation. The different combinations included cyclic principal stress rotation (CPSR for short), cyclic shear with abrupt change of principal stress orientation (CAPSO for short) and cyclic shear with fixed principal stress orientation (CFPSO for short). On one side, under all these stress paths, samples have obvious strain inflection points and shear bands, and the excess pore water pressure is far from the level of initial effective confining pressure at failure. Stress paths of major principal stress orientation (α) alternating from negative and positive have quite different influence on soil’s properties with those in which α is kept negative or positive. On the other side, due to the soil’s strongly initial anisotropy, samples under double-amplitudes CPSR and CAPSO (or single-amplitude CPSR and CFPSO) have similar properties on dynamic shear strength and pore water pressure development tendency when α is kept within ±45°, while have quite different properties when α oversteps ±45°.     

直击现代艺术之门——由决澜社的产生及影响谈其先锋性和局限性

20世纪30年代,向现代派艺术学习的从艺者成立了艺术团体决澜社,虽然它并没有如其发起者所预想的那样造成狂澜决堤之势,但终究为当时的画坛打开了一扇放眼世界的窗口,并且提出了"现代中国绘画艺术与现代世界艺术合流"的问题.是他们让人们意识到世界艺术日趋多元化的格局的到来.通过对其先锋性和局限性的思考让我们对于中国艺术的发展道路了解更加深入.     

解读连战先生的民族情

文章试图从两方面解读连战先生深厚的民族情.这种民族情一方面来源于他的家族,连战的先祖到台湾死也不臣服清,曾祖父至父亲三代以各种形式坚持抗日及父母对他言传身教;另一方面与他早年在祖国大陆的生活经历有关,从他对抗战和日本的态度及祖国大陆寻踪等方面体现出来.     

GPS传感器网络助力洪水预警

在美国西南部和墨西哥西北部,雨季的降雨量占全年降雨量的一半以上,这些雨季降雨通常强度大且难以预测.在雨季到来的时候,来自加利福尼亚湾和墨西哥湾等海洋上的湿润气流经常会给太阳炙烤的土地带来暴雨的突袭.这种突发强降雨可能会冲毁道路,在短时间内诱发泥石流等自然灾害,不仅会对农业和生态系统造成重大影响,也严重威胁着人类的生命及财产安全.     

CH3CONH2/ZnCl2低共熔溶剂脱除模拟油中的硫化物

在110℃下,加热搅拌乙酰胺和氯化锌混合物制备了CH₃CONH₂/ZnCl₂低共熔溶剂,对其结构进行 了电喷雾电离质谱分析、红外分析和黏度分析。以CH₃CONH₂/ZnCl₂作为萃取剂和催化剂,H₂O₂作为氧化剂,氧 化脱除模拟油中的噻吩硫化物。对n(ZnCl₂)/n(CH₃CONH₂)、n(H₂O₂)/n(S)、反应温度、剂油体积比和不同硫化 物对脱硫率的影响进行了考察。在模拟油体积5mL、n(ZnCl₂)/n(CH₃CONH₂)=0. 4、n(H₂O₂)/n(S)=8、剂油体 积比1∶3、反应温度70℃、反应时间200min的最佳条件下,二苯并噻吩的脱除率达到87. 12%。经过5次循环之 后,脱硫率略有降低。     

从《劝学篇》看张之洞的立宪思想

一般论者认为,张之洞的<劝学篇>是反"民权"的;其核心创获--"中体西用"论中的"西用",仍停留在"西技西艺,,层面.本文通过分析<劝学篇>中张之洞对西方民权、立法、议院的理解,认为他反对"民权"却不反"立宪",并且对西方立宪制度中的"立法"与"议院"颇为认同,不无效仿之意;张之洞的"立宪"在于"保教",这大大限制了他对"西政"的吸收.尽管如此,<劝学篇>仍不失为张之洞立宪思想的首次表达之作.     

Evaluation of ultimate bearing capacity of Y-shaped vibro-pile

Based on Mindlin stress solution, a numerical computational method was proposed to calculate the stresses in the ground induced by side friction and the resistance of Y-shaped vibro-pile. The improved Terzaghi’s and ЪерезанцевВГ’s methods for ultimate bearing capacity evaluation were proposed by considering the stress strength induced by friction resistance at pile head level of Y-pile. A new method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of Y-pile was also proposed based on the assumptions of soil failure mode at the tip of Y-pile and the use of Mohr-Coulomb soil yield criterion and Vesic compressive correction coefficient with the induced stresses in the ground. Based on the comparisons with the field static load test results, it is found that the improved Terzaghi’s method gives higher ultimate capacity, while the other two methods shows good agreement with the field results.     

Adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface

The adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface was analyzed and the formula about it was derived.Some suggestions about highway construction,driving safety of the drivers and the judgment of the traffic accidents were presented.The results show that the adhesion coefficient is a function with the extreme value.If there is atmospheric pressure in the tire,the load of the vehicle and the degree of the coarse on the road surface is not selected properly,it will reach the least and affect the safety of the running automobile.     

Effects of stress conditions on rheological properties of granular soil in large triaxial rheology laboratory tests

In order to study the rheological properties of red stone granular soil,a series of rheological experiments were executed on large tri-axial rheological apparatus.Under 100,200 and 300 kPa confining stress conditions,the rheological tests were carried out.These experiment results showed that the stress conditions,especially the stress level were the critical influencing factors of the rheological deformation properties.Under the low stress level(S=0.1),the granular soil showed the elastic properties,and there was no obvious rheological deformation.Under the middle stress level(0.20.8) creep curves showed the non-linear viscous plastic rheological properties.Especially,under the stress level of S=1.0,the accelerated rheological phase of creep curves occurred at early time with a trend of failure.The stress level had obvious effects on the final rheological deformation of the soil sample,and the final rheological deformation increments nonlinearly increased with stress level.The final rheological deformation increment and step was little under low stress level,while it became large under high stress level,which showed the nonlinearly rheological properties of the granular soil.The confining pressure also had direct effects on final rheological deformation,and the final rheological deformation linearly increased with confining pressure increments.     

2008年我国房地产业的发展模式与市场把握

在深入市场调查、认真采集数据和科学分析研究的基础上,从我国新一年房地产业发展的"背景和环境"、"预期和责任"、"风险和影响"、"保障和创新"等方面进行阐述和论证.     

窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归商业秘密权利人所有——兼谈商业秘密构成要件和范围

中国加入WTO以后,知识产权的保护意识日益强化,作为知识产权范畴的专利权更是被人们普遍关注和重视.以"错案"为研究对象,运用商业秘密的有关理论以及保护商业秘密和专利权的有关法律制度,特别是从窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归谁所有的角度,对人民法院的判决进行了分析研究,指出了人民法院的判决是错误的,提出了窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归商业秘密权利人所有.这有利于人民法院公正司法,依法审判.     

从语气助词的角度浅析日语表达方式的特性

日语中有着十分丰富的语气助词,其虽然不具有实际的意义,然而通过语气助词,却能够流露出说话者的心情和感受,传递出不溢于言表的隐性含义,在日常的表达中扮演着十分重要的角色.从语气助词的角度,分析总结日语在表达上所具有的特性.     

一种新型微电脑大流量校准仪

提出了一种专用微电脑大流量校准仪的设计方案,通过测量孔板静压差来求孔口流量计的流量,其中重点考虑到了因测量现场环境大气压、温度等因素的变化所造成的测量误差,并提出了相应的补偿措施,同时设计出了包括对孔板静压差、大气压、温度进行监控的测量电路,采用单片机对信号进行处理计算.该校准仪实现了对大气TSP采样器流量校准测量过程的智能化,能够实时适应大气压强、温度的变化,把环境因素带来的误差降低到最小,并采用大屏幕液晶显示配合人性化的操作界,使仪器的操作更简便直观.     

一个优秀的单元楼户型引起的建筑分析

文中通过对一个优秀的单元楼户型的分析思考,明确了玄关在单元楼户型设计中的重要性,揭示了厨房、入户门和餐厅之间复杂的人流关系,介绍了主次卫生间设计的一些细节,分析了该户型中厨房和卫生间关系的时代性、主卧在整个户型中位置的合理性、卧室门开设的优越性.     

用RAPD技术对两个地区药用植物肉苁蓉多态性的比较分析

采用RAPD技术对内蒙古阿拉善盟和巴彦淖尔盟两个地区的药用寄生植物肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola Maenend Ma)的基因组DNA进行随机扩增,对得到的DNA指纹图谱进行分析,从20个随机引物中筛选出4个能扩增稳定且谱带清晰的引物,得到的多态性片段中有相同的条带,也存在差异性条带,根据DNA谱带所计算的各品种的相似系数范围为0.672～0.971.对6个品种UPGMA聚类分析讨论各品种之间的亲缘关系.     

创造传统吉祥造型在现代吉祥物设计中的新生命

在中国传统装饰艺术中,特别是在传统民间艺术作品中,存在着大量具有吉祥寓意的艺术造型.这些形象承载了深厚的民族历史文化的底蕴,折射着多彩的民俗民风,寄托了人们对美好生活的向往.更重要的是,由于这些吉祥造型的载体大多是与人们的日常生活、衣食住行息息相关的实用产品,因而与物质生产生活密不可分,可以说是审美理想和使用功能的统一体.对于深化我们现代艺术设计的思想,创作出能够被广大民众所接受和喜欢,同时又具有中国民族特色,传承中华民族文化,并且走向世界的现代设计作品具有重要的意义.     

Research advances of un-symmetric constitutive theory of anisotropic viscoelastic liquids and its hydrodynamic behavior

Research advances of un-symmetric constitutive equation of anisotropic fluid,influence of un-symmetric stress tensor on material functions,vibrational shear flow of the fluid with small amplitudes and rheology of anisotropic suspension were reported.A new concept of simple anisotropic fluid was introduced.On the basis of anisotropic principle,the simple fluid stress behaviour was described by velocity gradient tensor F and spin tensor W instead of velocity gradient tensor D in the classic Leslie-Ericksen continuum theory.Two relaxation times analyzing rheological nature of the fluid and using tensor analysis a general form of the constitutive equation of co-rotational type was introduced.More general model LCP-H for the fluid was developed.The unsymmetry of the shear stress was predicted by the present continuum theory for anisotropic viscoelastic fluid-LC polymer liquids.The influence of the relaxation times on material functions was specially studied.It is important to study the unsteady vibrational rotating flow with small amplitudes,as it is a best way to obtain knowledge of elasticity of the LC polymer,i.e.dynamic viscoelasticity.For the shear-unsymmetric stresses,two shear stresses were obtained thus two complex viscosities and two complex shear modulus(i.e.first and second one) were introduced by the constitutive equation which was defined by rotating shear rate introduced by author.For the two stability problems of fluid,such as stability of hydrodynamic flow and orientational motion,were discussed.The results show that the polymer suspension systems exhibit anisotropic character.The PNC systems can exhibit significant shear-thinning effects.For more concentrated polymer nano-suspensions,the first normal stress difference change from positive to negative,which is similar to LC polymer behavior.     

改性木质素磺酸钠对神华煤制浆性能的影响

为了开发一种适用于神华煤制浆的高效水煤浆分散剂, 对木质素磺酸钠进行了化学改性实验,研究了改性产品GCL3S对神华煤制浆性能的影响.结果表明:经化学改性的木质素磺酸钠可使神华煤制浆粘度显著降低,在GCL3S掺量为0.7%,制浆浓度为62.00%条件下,神华煤黏度可降低至898 mPa·s,且浆体的稳定性有明显改善,其降黏效果及抗剪切性能均明显优于目前常用的萘系水煤浆分散剂FDN.     

Additional water use influencing strength and fluidity of recycled concrete

Through adding different additional water use,the compressive strength,splitting tensile strength and fluidity of recycled concrete of three aggregate combination forms were studied by experiment respectively.The experimental results show that with the increase of adding additional water use,the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of recycled coarse aggregate concrete decrease,but that of recycled fine aggregate concrete and recycled all aggregate concrete increase firstly then decrease.When additional water use is added more 15% or 20% than that of basic ordinary concrete,the recycled coarse aggregate concrete and fine one can get pretty good fluidity.When it is added more 30%,the recycled all aggregate concrete has fluidity that is just satisfied.     

当前民办高校融资难的成因及对策

针对民办高校所需办学经费无国家财政拨款,全部为自筹资金的现状,分析了形成当前民办高校融资难的原因,既有信贷政策、银行方面的因素,也有民办高校自身的因素.提出民办高校要生存,要发展,光靠举办者投入或捐赠以及每年的学费收入是不够的,还需要积极拓展更多融资渠道解决办校融资难的问题.