复杂系统（产品）集成制造工程的技术研究与应用

基于现代集成制造的理念、方法、技术、工具,结合实践,提出并研究了一种能改善复杂产品研发时间（T）、质量（Q）、成本（C）、服务（S）的系统工程——称为“复杂系统（产品）集成制造工程”（简称COSIME）。阐述了它的内涵、系统框架和技术体系,并给出了其中具有特点的6类关键技术的阶段研究成果,包括基于人制管理及有关先进制造模式的复杂产品集成制造系统的经营管理模式;基于项目管理理念的异地企业间并行工程方法与技术;复杂产品虚拟样机工程方法与技术;基于分布仿真技术的复杂产品概念设计与性能评估系统;复杂产品质量控制与     

面向水泥装备制造过程的质量信息管理方法

为了解决水泥装备制造企业质量信息存储与检索难的问题,提出了一种新的质量信息管理方法：采用质量信息树的方法来描述制造过程、产品结构以及质量信息间的关系;提出质量信息编码系统来规范并存储质量信息;提出了XML缓存技术实现质量信息的检索。该方法应用在了辅料悬臂堆料机制造过程中的质量信息管理中,实例表明该方法能够解决水泥装备制造过程中的质量信息管理问题。     

Classifying Risks on Information Technology Projects

ABSTRACT

Through an examination of the literature and a review of industrial case studies, a qualitative model is developed of the risks associated with implementing information technology (IT) projects. When this approach was applied to case studies drawn from academia and from companies in the manufacturing and service industries, potential high risk factors were identified and classified. Ongoing research seeks to develop an intelligent risk analyzer that incorporates this qualitative model and industry best practices to give IT project managers significant decision support in the area of risk management by enabling them to match system development strategies with project complexity.     

Toward New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing

Intelligent manufacturing is a general concept that is under continuous development. It can be categorized into three basic paradigms: digital manufacturing, digital-networked manufacturing, and new-generation intelligent manufacturing. New-generation intelligent manufacturing represents an in-depth integration of new-generation artificial intelligence (AI) technology and advanced manufacturing technology. It runs through every link in the full life-cycle of design, production, product, and service. The concept also relates to the optimization and integration of corresponding systems; the continuous improvement of enterprises’ product quality, performance, and service levels; and reduction in resources consumption. New-generation intelligent manufacturing acts as the core driving force of the new industrial revolution and will continue to be the main pathway for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in the decades to come. Human-cyber-physical systems (HCPSs) reveal the technological mechanisms of new-generation intelligent manufacturing and can effectively guide related theoretical research and engineering practice. Given the sequential development, cross interaction, and iterative upgrading characteristics of the three basic paradigms of intelligent manufacturing, a technology roadmap for “parallel promotion and integrated development” should be developed in order to drive forward the intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry in China.     

Agile manufacturing: Enablers and an implementation framework

Tougher competitive situations have led to increasing attention being paid to customer satisfaction, of which timely and customized services are the key concepts. As the product life cycle becomes shortened, high product quality becomes necessary for survival. Markets become highly diversified and global, and continuous and unexpected change become the key factors for success. The need for a method of rapidly and cost-effectively developing products, production facilities and supporting software, including design, process planning and shop floor control system has led to the concept of agile manufacturing. Agile manufacturing can be defined as the capability to survive and prosper in a competitive environment of continuous and unpredictable change by reacting quickly and effectively to changing markets, driven by customer-designed products and services. This article details the key concepts and enablers of agile manufacturing. The key enablers of agile manufacturing include: (i) virtual enterprise formation tools/metrics; (ii) physically distributed manufacturing architecture and teams; (iii) rapid partnership formation tools/metrics; (iv) concurrent engineering; (v) integrated product/production/business information system; (vi) rapid prototyping tools; and (vii) electronic commerce. A conceptual framework for the development of an agile manufacturing system and future research directions are presented in this paper. This framework takes into account the customization and system integration with the help of business process redesign, legal issues, concurrent engineering, computer-integrated manufacturing, cost management, total quality management and information technology.     

Research on a Product Information Management System Facing Remanufacture Engineering

Remanufacture Engineering is an important characteristic and development trend of a manufacturing system in the 21st Century, and product information management is very important to Remanufacture Engineering. In this paper, we first compared traditional manufacturing and remanufacturing. Then, according to the features of Remanufacture Engineering, we analyzed the request of product information management system facing Remanufacture Engineering, and designed the system module. Finally, we built a kind of system structure of product information management facing Remanufacture Engineering and gave realization methods based on Web.     

IT in lean-based manufacturing industries: systematic literature review and research issues

This systematic literature review is the first to explore the role of IT in lean manufacturing contexts, characterising literature on the field, identifying and exploring the main issues approached, and identifying potential future lines of research. Grounded on an accurate screening process, 124 papers were selected for analysis from the SCOPUS and the ISI Web of Knowledge databases. The structured content analysis process highlights five key issues approached in literature: (1) software and technologies used, (2) benefits achieved through applying IT in lean manufacturing, (3) importance of IT integration, (4) IT and lean as complementary or independent options and (5) role of human resources. Despite an apparent scepticism concerning compatibility between IT and lean, claiming that IT may lead to processes’ complexity, extra tasks, resource consuming, among other issues, among other key findings, the review shows that several different IT instruments may boost improvements, acting as a facilitator in developing lean industrial environments, especially when lean-based improvement processes are introduced first, and then IT infrastructures. Because both IT and Lean may require significant investments in terms of managerial attention, employees’ capabilities and financial resources, it is important for management to balance investment decisions. Authors point to several shortcomings in literature which represent significant opportunities for further research: (1) significant lack of integrated comprehensive frameworks, (2) lack of knowledge concerning hybrid manufacturing systems, supply chains as research unit of analysis, how organisations can respond to staff resistance, and role of IT across the distinctive stages of lean maturity.     

金属增材制造中微观组织相场法模拟研究进展

金属增材制造技术是近30年发展起来的一项具有战略意义的先进制造技术。目前对增材制造的研究主要集中在制造装备与控制系统研发、产品性能测试等方面,对构件内微观组织的形成以及宏微观结构性能的关系研究较少。本文简要介绍了金属增材制造发展现状以及在微观组织演化方面研究的不足,揭示了微观组织演化研究的重要性和迫切性。针对相场法的基本原理和优势,着重分析相场法应用于金属增材制造中的模型选取、非材料物性参数的确定等问题及解决方法,从相场数值模拟的角度来探讨工艺参数对微观组织的影响。文章最后指出利用相场法模拟金属增材制造过程中微观组织演化符合未来的发展趋势。     

基于文献计量学的感性工学研究进展可视化分析

目的 为系统概括感性工学相关研究全局特征,进一步掌握当前感性工学研究进展,对相关文献研究热点、前沿趋势与理论基础等进行可视化分析。方法 以Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的感性工学相关文献数据作为样本,综合运用VOSviewer及CiteSpace软件对文献产出分布、作者、国家、合作机构、     

A Conceptual Framework for Increasing Innovation through Improved Selection of Specialized Professionals

Engineering managers involved in product development and manufacturing are responsible for proposing and developing ideas and concepts that will benefit new or existing products and processes. Improved methods are required to identify, prioritize, and integrate the opinions, ideas, and concepts proposed by specialized professionals (SP) or subject matter experts into their existing product development and process improvement. Identifying the optimal SPs and utilizing these for concept generation efforts can lead engineering management working in the new product/technology development space toward an improved idea/concept generation, increased innovation, and ultimately, superior products and processes. Methods for locating, assessing, and ranking SPs vary with every organization, but in general, systematic methods and processes are not considered, which results in the reliance on internal or limited external experts. This study aims to directly impact the engineering managers by bridging the gap between the traditional business management and core engineering management for providing guidance and improving the way in which the practicing engineering managers deal with new product development and management of technology. This experimental study is derived using a real-world engineering problem, which is faced in the field of engineering management, and the results support the implementation of a conceptual SP-focused framework that provides an increased quality of the concept generation outputs, improved preparation for future product development stages, and reduced costs.     

支撑强国目标的中国工程科技发展战略路径谋划

工程科技是与生产力结合最为紧密的科学技术,是实现强国目标的直接推动力。工程科技中长期发展战略研究的任务是面向"两个一百年"的强国目标,结合我国国情和发展需求,开展工程科技发展路径设计。本文探讨了我国经济社会发展与科技强国建设对工程科技创新的要求,介绍了将需求牵引与技术推动相结合开展工程科技中长期发展战略研究和路径谋划的方法体系,在愿景分析基础上,提出了面向2035年中国工程科技发展的总体思路和战略构想。     

How to select suitable manufacturing information system outsourcing projects by using TOPSIS method

Modern business management depends on information technology (IT) deeply. However, most companies, especially manufacturing, are not good at IT. But IT is very important and complex to the manufacturing industry. Numerous manufacturing now outsource their information system (IS) projects to Information Service Providers (ISP) instead of developing in-house. This work classifies the critical objectives for selecting manufacturing information system outsourcing projects into benefit-related objectives and cost-related objectives and then formulates a goal programming (GP) model. Interactions between manufacturing information system projects and availability of scarce resources are also considered into constraints of the model. However, because of the incommensurability and conflicting nature of these objectives, the GP model becomes complex. The method called ‘technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution’ (TOPSIS) and the fuzzy set theory are employed to simplify the complex GP solving process and reflect the preferences of managers. A case study of a TV assembly company in Taiwan illustrates the feasibility of the proposed model.     

Perspective: a review of lifecycle management research on complex products in smart-connected environments

Smart-connected technologies, such as the Internet of things and cloud computing, are transforming how industries and enterprises do business by improving the lifecycle management of their product. Therefore, to study the lifecycle management of complex products under smart-connected environment, many studies have been published outlining new methods for smart development, intelligent manufacturing, and data-driven services. This paper first proposes the concept and architecture of smart-connected products and then systematically reviews the current research about new paradigms of product development, manufacturing and services. The paper also summarises the conceptual framework, research issues and opportunities of each phase of the product lifecycle management.     

The state-of-the-art on Intellectual Property Analytics (IPA): A literature review on artificial intelligence,machine learning and deep learning methods for analysing intellectual property (IP) data

Big data is increasingly available in all areas of manufacturing and operations, which presents an opportunity for better decision making and discovery of the next generation of innovative technologies. Recently, there have been substantial developments in the field of patent analytics, which describes the science of analysing large amounts of patent information to discover trends. We define Intellectual Property Analytics (IPA) as the data science of analysing large amount of IP information, to discover relationships, trends and patterns for decision making. In this paper, we contribute to the ongoing discussion on the use of intellectual property analytics methods, i.e artificial intelligence methods, machine learning and deep learning approaches, to analyse intellectual property data. This literature review follows a narrative approach with search strategy, where we present the state-of-the-art in intellectual property analytics by reviewing 57 recent articles. The bibliographic information of the articles are analysed, followed by a discussion of the articles divided in four main categories: knowledge management, technology management, economic value, and extraction and effective management of information. We hope research scholars and industrial users, may find this review helpful when searching for the latest research efforts pertaining to intellectual property analytics.     

工业系统的智能交互模式及人因工效研究综述

随着物联网、CPS、大数据等技术的出现和发展,生产制造、航空驾驶、安全监控等工业系统已进入第四次工业革命的智能转型升级。目的 工业系统的智能交互模式与人因工效是人机协同共生的关键核心问题。方法 从工业制造的智能化转型、航空航天的人机协同、核电安全智能监控等多个重大行业背景出发,分析人—信息—物理系统智能交互的发展趋势;剖析工业智能背景下国内外人因工效测评技术、评价模型及多源指标关联性研究进展;梳理智能化工业系统的信息表征发展趋势及多通道交互研究方法。结论 从国内外研究综述表明,需要从多学科交叉融通的角度构建智能化工业系统的人机交互研究体系,这将极大地改善系统中的人（任务执行者）获取信息、知识推理、判断决策的认知绩效,达成智能交互的人机物闭环,实现人（自然人、机器人）、信息系统、物理系统的充分感知融合,即人机协同共生模式。     

Development of product design requirements using taxonomies of environmental issues

In this paper, we develop and apply three approaches for preparing taxonomies that assist in gathering, storing, using, and reusing Design for Environment requirements. The first taxonomy broadly captures environmental concerns as product attributes within a taxonomy of manufacturing issues. The second taxonomy classifies environmental concerns into health and safety, environmental, and societal issues within a taxonomy of manufacturing. The third taxonomy classifies environmental management actions into health and safety protection, resource conservation, pollution prevention, and economic and social welfare preservation as a corporate requirement. We find that classifying environmental issues as environmental concerns or management actions improves the comprehensiveness, objectivity, validity, and enhancement of understanding and prediction of the taxonomy and the resulting design requirements and engineering characteristics. Also, classification of environmental issues is found to be time and resource consumptive and would benefit from future work on archiving this information (using database/Expert systems) to reduce the immediate engineering workload without loss of detail.     

Engineering and Philosophy of Engineering

Philosophy of engineering lays the philosophical foundation of recognition, understanding and management of engineering. Being the kernel of philosophy of engineering, engineering ontology becomes the master key to understanding of engineering. The paper proposes and interprets the principal theses of engineering ontology, which differs from understanding of engineering in separate elements. Engineering ontology believes that engineering is the direct, realistic productivity that runs dynamically and feasibly and creates values. Engineering involves the relationship between human beings and the nature as well as the relationship between human beings and the society, and it has been a basic motive force and a basic way of promoting the social development, so that engineering gains the ontological status and fundamental value in social existence and social development. From the historical point of view, the engineering appears before the emergence of technology and science. Engineering has its own basis for existence, its own structure and its own laws for movement and evolution. Engineering should not be simply regarded as the ramification and derivative from science or technology. Engineering ontology is the theoretical basis of the triism of “science, technology, and engineering”. To understand and handle the mutual relationship among engineering, technology and science, by the evaluation criteria of engineering as the direct productivity, the process and effect of engineering-centered selection, integration and construction must be emphasized and the characteristic and mechanism of selection, integration and construction must be paid high attention. Under no circumstance may the engineering be deemed as an unchanged matter, which is constantly evolving and developing, so the studies on engineering ontology are closely and internally related with the theory of engineering evolution.     

Dissertation Review

Abstract:

This research article provides valuable insights for practicing engineering managers on improving a firm's performance by applying a knowledge management (KM) based approach to quality management (QM). Traditional quality management systems do not provide sufficient knowledge management and knowledge creation opportunities for manufacturing firms to stay competitive in today's fast paced, unpredictable, complex, and rapidly changing global business environment. The world's body of knowledge does not include a quality management strategy where KM is integrated in QM, and where the effectiveness of such a KM/QM strategy is determined through quantitative empirical research over a defined time frame, thus omitting important performance improvement opportunities for manufacturing firms. The objective in addressing this research topic is to present a KM/QM strategy and to demonstrate its effectiveness. Engineering management areas, such as knowledge management and quality management, are leveraged throughout this research. Systems engineering aspects, such as operational efficiency improvement and system performance, are leveraged by integrating knowledge management and quality management to form an enhanced quality management system. The research demonstrates that a company with a KM/QM strategy is more effective than a company which does not have a KM/QM strategy, that the implementation of a KM/QM strategy contributes to product quality improvements over KM/QM strategy application time, and presents a framework that can be applied by practicing engineering managers.     

中国工程科技2035技术预见研究

技术预见是一种致力于促进科技与经济、重大计划一体化,对远期技术发展进行的有步骤的探索过程。结合我国未来经济社会发展对工程科技的需求,在工程科技发展战略研究中引入技术预见,开展未来20年工程科技关键技术预测与选择。中国工程科技2035技术预见结合工程科技特点,设计了客观分析法与主观判断相结合的技术预见方法与应用流程,针对11个工程科技领域的800余项备选技术,提出了2035年我国工程科技各领域发展的关键技术、共性技术以及颠覆性技术,分析了关键技术的实现时间、发展水平与制约因素,为各领域制定面向2035工程科技发展技术路线图提供系统性的支撑。