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1.
Blockchain is an emerging decentralized architecture and distributed
computing paradigm underlying Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, and has recently
attracted intensive attention from governments, financial institutions, high-tech
enterprises, and the capital markets. Its cryptographic security relies on asymmetric
cryptography, such as ECC, RSA. However, with the surprising development of quantum
technology, asymmetric cryptography schemes mentioned above would become
vulnerable. Recently, lattice-based cryptography scheme was proposed to be secure
against attacks in the quantum era. In 2018, with the aid of Bonsai Trees technology, Yin
et al. [Yin, Wen, Li et al. (2018)] proposed a lattice-based authentication method which
can extend a lattice space to multiple lattice spaces accompanied by the corresponding
key. Although their scheme has theoretical significance, it is unpractical in actual
situation due to extremely large key size and signature size. In this paper, aiming at
tackling the critical issue of transaction size, we propose a post quantum blockchain over
lattice. By using SampleMat and signature without trapdoor, we can reduce the key size
and signature size of our transaction authentication approach by a significant amount.
Instead of using a whole set of vectors as a basis, we can use only one vector and rotate it
enough times to form a basis. Based on the hardness assumption of Short Integer Solution
(SIS), we demonstrate that the proposed anti-quantum transaction authentication scheme
over lattice provides existential unforgeability against adaptive chosen-message attacks in
the random oracle. As compared to the Yin et al. [Yin, Wen, Li et al. (2018)] scheme, our
scheme has better performance in terms of energy consumption, signature size and
signing key size. As the underlying lattice problem is intractable even for quantum
computers, our scheme would work well in the quantum age. 相似文献
2.
This paper proposes the first code-based quantum immune sequential aggregate signature (SAS) scheme and proves the security of the proposed scheme in the random oracle model. Aggregate signature (AS) schemes and sequential aggregate signature schemes allow a group of potential signers to sign different messages respectively, and all the signatures of those users on those messages can be aggregated into a single signature such that the size of the aggregate signature is much smaller than the total size of all individual signatures. Because of the aggregation of many signatures into a single short signature, AS and SAS schemes can reduce bandwidth and save storage; moreover, when a SAS is verified, not only the valid but also the order in which each signer signed can be verified. AS and SAS schemes can be applied to traffic control, banking transaction and military applications. Most of the existing AS and SAS schemes are based either on pairing or Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA), and hence, can be broken by Shor’s quantum algorithm for Integer Factoring Problem (IFP) and Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP). There are no quantum algorithms to solve syndrome decoding problems. Hence, code-based cryptography is seen as one of the promising candidates for post-quantum cryptography. This paper shows how to construct quantum immune sequential aggregate signatures based on coding theory. Specifically, we construct our scheme with the first code based signature scheme proposed by Courtois, Finiasz and Sendrier (CFS). Compared to the CFS signature scheme without aggregation, the proposed sequential aggregate signature scheme can save about 90% storage when the number of signers is asymptotically large. 相似文献
3.
Abstract Even though there have been many research studies on proxy signature schemes, only Shao's proxy multi‐signature scheme is based on the factoring problem (FAC). Unfortunately, Shao's scheme requires sequential signing operations and strict order of the modulus. It is not practical and not efficient. We, therefore, based on RSA cryptosystems, propose new proxy‐protected mono‐signature and proxy‐protected multi‐signature schemes. In contrast to their counterparts, our scheme allows parallel signing operations and also improves the signers’ computational performance. 相似文献
4.
Blind signature has a wide range of applications in the fields of E-commerce and block-chain because it can effectively prevent the blind signer from getting the original message with its blindness. Owing to the potential unconditional security, quantum blind signature (QBS) is more advantageous than the classical ones. In this paper, an efficient and practical quantum blind signature scheme relaxed security model is presented, where quantum superposition, decoy qubits and hash function are used for the purpose of blindness. Compared with previous QBS scheme, the presented scheme is more efficient and practical with a relaxed security model, in which the signer’s dishonest behavior can be detected other than being prevented as in other QBS schemes. 相似文献
5.
The authors give a generic construction for universal (mutli) designated-verifier signature schemes from a large class of signature schemes, referred to as Class C. The resulting schemes are efficient and have two important properties. Firstly, they are provably DV-unforgeable, non-transferable and also non-delegatable. Secondly, the signer and the designated verifier can independently choose their cryptographic settings. The authors also propose a generic construction for (hierarchical) identity-based signature schemes from any signature scheme in C and prove that the construction is secure against adaptive chosen message and identity attacks. The authors discuss possible extensions of our constructions to identity-based ring signatures and identity-based designated-verifier signatures from any signature in C. Finally, the authors show that it is possible to combine the above constructions to obtain signatures with combined functionalities. 相似文献
6.
The representative collective digital signature scheme allows the creation of a unique collective signature on document M that represents an entire signing community consisting of many individual signers and many different signing groups, each signing group is represented by a group leader. On document M, a collective signature can be created using the representative digital signature scheme that represents an entire community consisting of individual signers and signing groups, each of which is represented by a group leader. The characteristic of this type of letter is that it consists of three elements (U, E, S), one of which (U) is used to store the information of all the signers who participated in the formation of the collective signature on document M. While storing this information is necessary to identify the signer and resolve disputes later, it greatly increases the size of signatures. This is considered a limitation of the collective signature representing 3 elements. In this paper, we propose and build a new type of collective signature, a collective signature representing 2 elements (E, S). In this case, the signature has been reduced in size, but it contains all the information needed to identify the signer and resolve disputes if necessary. To construct the approved group signature scheme, which is the basic scheme for the proposed representative collective signature schemes, we use the discrete logarithm problem on the prime finite field. At the end of this paper, we present the security analysis of the AGDS scheme and a performance evaluation of the proposed collective signature schemes. 相似文献
7.
Recent developments in heterogeneous identity federation systems have
heightened the need for the related trust management system. The trust management
system evaluates, manages, and shares users’ trust values. The service provider (SP)
members of the federation system rely on users’ trust values to determine which type and
quality of service will be provided to the users. While identity federation systems have
the potential to help federated users save time and energy and improve service experience,
the benefits also come with significant privacy risks. So far, there has been little
discussion about the privacy protection of users in heterogeneous identity federation
systems. In this paper, we propose a trust value sharing scheme based on a proxy ring
signature for the trust management system in heterogeneous identity federation
topologies. The ring signature schemes can ensure the validity of the data and hide the
original signer, thereby protecting privacy. Moreover, no group manager participating in
the ring signature, which naturally matches with our decentralized heterogeneous identity
federation topologies. The proxy signature can reduce the workload of the private key
owner. The proposed scheme shortens the calculation time for verifying the signature and
then reduces the overall time consumption in the process of trust sharing. Our studies
prove that the proposed scheme is privacy-preserving, efficient, and effective. 相似文献
8.
There have been many digital signature schemes were developed based on the discrete logarithm problem on a finite field. In this study, we use the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem to build new collective signature schemes. The cryptosystem on elliptic curve allows to generate digital signatures with the same level of security as other cryptosystems but with smaller keys. To extend practical applicability and enhance the security level of the group signature protocols, we propose two new types of collective digital signature schemes based on the discrete logarithm problem on the elliptic curve: i) the collective digital signature scheme shared by several signing groups and ii) the collective digital signature scheme shared by several signing groups and several individual signers. These two new types of collective signatures have combined the advantages of group digital signatures and collective digital signatures. These signatures have a fixed size and do not depend on the number of members participating in the creation of the final collective signature. One of the advantages of the proposed collective signature protocols is that they can be deployed on top of the available public key infrastructures. 相似文献
9.
In Sakumoto et al. (CRYPTO 2011, LNCS, vol 6841. Springer, Berlin, pp 706–723, 2011), presented a new multivariate identification scheme, whose security is based solely on the MQ-Problem of solving systems of quadratic equations over finite fields. In this paper we extend this scheme to a threshold ring identification and signature scheme. Our scheme is the first multivariate scheme of this type and generally one of the first multivariate signature schemes with special properties. Despite of the fact that we need more rounds to achieve given levels of security, the signatures are at least twice shorter than those obtained by other post-quantum (e.g. code based) constructions. Furthermore, our scheme offers provable security, which is quite a rare fact in multivariate cryptography. 相似文献
10.
The Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is the fundamental of smart
transportation system in the future, but the security of the communication between
vehicles and vehicles, between vehicles and roadside infrastructures have become
increasingly prominent. Certificateless aggregate signature protocol is used to address
this security issue, but the existing schemes still have many drawbacks in terms of
security and efficiency: First, many schemes are not secure, and signatures can be forged
by the attacker; Second, even if some scheme are secure, many schemes use a large
number of bilinear pairing operation, and the computation overhead is large. At the same
time, the length of the aggregated signature also increases linearly with the increase of
user numbers, resulting in a large communication overhead. In order to overcome the
above challenges, we propose a new certificateless aggregate signature scheme for
VANET, and prove the security of the scheme under the random oracle model. The new
scheme uses pseudonym to realize the conditional privacy protection of the vehicle’s
information. The new scheme does not use bilinear pairing operation, and the calculation
efficiency is high. At the same time, the length of the aggregate signature of the new
scheme is constant, thereby greatly reducing the communication and storage overhead.
The analysis results demonstrate that the new scheme is not only safer, but also superior
in performance to the recent related schemes in computation overhead and
communication cost. 相似文献
11.
The authors show how the Fiat-Shamir transform can be used to convert three-move identification protocols into two-tier signature schemes (a primitive that they define) with a proof of security that makes a standard assumption on the hash function rather than modelling it as a random oracle. The result requires security of the starting protocol against concurrent attacks. It is also shown that numerous protocols have the required properties, and thus numerous efficient two-tier schemes are obtained. The first application is an efficient transform of any unforgeable signature scheme into a strongly unforgeable one. (This extends the work of Boneh, Shen and Waters whose transform only applies to a limited class of schemes.) The second application is the new one-time signature schemes that, compared with the one-way function-based ones of the same computational cost, have smaller key and signature sizes. 相似文献
12.
Abstract This paper constructs a subliminal channel in a RSA‐like variant of the Fiat‐Shamir signature scheme to transfer any secret information. The proposed subliminal channel, unlike that in El‐Gamal signature scheme, can avoid the serious shortcoming that a subliminal receiver can undetectably forge a signer's signature. In addition, our channel also overcomes almost all shortcomings from which the subliminal channel in El‐Gamal signature scheme suffer. 相似文献
13.
When the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is combined with the Internet of Things (IoT), it can be employed in a wide range of applications, such as agriculture, industry 4.0, health care, smart homes, among others. Accessing the big data generated by these applications in Cloud Servers (CSs), requires higher levels of authenticity and confidentiality during communication conducted through the Internet. Signcryption is one of the most promising approaches nowadays for overcoming such obstacles, due to its combined nature, i.e., signature and encryption. A number of researchers have developed schemes to address issues related to access control in the IoT literature, however, the majority of these schemes are based on homogeneous nature. This will be neither adequate nor practical for heterogeneous IoT environments. In addition, these schemes are based on bilinear pairing and elliptic curve cryptography, which further requires additional processing time and more communication overheads that is inappropriate for real-time communication. Consequently, this paper aims to solve the above-discussed issues, we proposed an access control scheme for IoT environments using heterogeneous signcryption scheme with the efficiency and security hardiness of hyperelliptic curve. Besides the security services such as replay attack prevention, confidentiality, integrity, unforgeability, non-repudiations, and forward secrecy, the proposed scheme has very low computational and communication costs, when it is compared to existing schemes. This is primarily because of hyperelliptic curve lighter nature of key and other parameters. The AVISPA tool is used to simulate the security requirements of our proposed scheme and the results were under two backbends (Constraint Logic-based Attack Searcher (CL-b-AtSER) and On-the-Fly Model Checker (ON-t-FL-MCR)) proved to be SAFE when the presented scheme is coded in HLPSL language. This scheme was proven to be capable of preventing a variety of attacks, including confidentiality, integrity, unforgeability, non-repudiation, forward secrecy, and replay attacks. 相似文献
14.
A pseudosignature is a piece of evidence with which the receiver of a message can prove to other players the identity of the originator of that message. In contrast to a signature a pseudosignature has a restricted transferability. This paper presents the first quantum pseudosignature scheme where the resulting pseudosignature and the verification procedures are classical. Therefore no long-term quantum storage is needed for this scheme. It is proved that quantum pseudosignature schemes can be more resilient than any classical pseudosignature scheme: only collusion involving the signer can abort the proposed pseudosignature scheme, but then it becomes obvious that the signer must be cheating. 相似文献
15.
Modern lattice-based public-key cryptosystems require sampling from discrete Gaussian (normal) distributions. The paper surveys algorithms to implement such sampling efficiently, with particular focus on the case of constrained devices with small on-board storage and without access to large numbers of external random bits. We review lattice encryption schemes and signature schemes and their requirements for sampling from discrete Gaussians. Finally, we make some remarks on challenges and potential solutions for practical lattice-based cryptography. 相似文献
16.
We compare both the security and performance issues related to the choice of MNT curves against supersingular curves in characteristic three, for pairing based systems. We pay particular attention to equating the relevant security levels and comparing not only computational performance and bandwidth performance. The paper focuses on the BLS signature scheme and the Boneh–Franklin encryption scheme, but a similar analysis can be applied to many other pairing based schemes. 相似文献
17.
We recognize that established techniques permit two-dimensional interpolation to be accomplished efficiently as well as accurately when the grid of points, on which the data is available, is regular. Existing methods suitable for irregular grids are computationally protracted. We show that by using Lagrange polynomials of a complex variable we can interpolate, almost as conveniently as in one dimension, from an irregular grid onto particular points lying on parallel lines. Standard one-dimensional interpolation schemes can then be used to complete the two-dimensional interpolation. We discuss how, in any particular instance, the order of the Lagrange polynomials is chosen, and we present the results of a computational test of our method. 相似文献
18.
Nowadays, healthcare has become an important area for the Internet of Things (IoT) to automate healthcare facilities to share and use patient data anytime and anywhere with Internet services. At present, the host-based Internet paradigm is used for sharing and accessing healthcare-related data. However, due to the location-dependent nature, it suffers from latency, mobility, and security. For this purpose, Named Data Networking (NDN) has been recommended as the future Internet paradigm to cover the shortcomings of the traditional host-based Internet paradigm. Unfortunately, the novel breed lacks a secure framework for healthcare. This article constructs an NDN-Based Internet of Medical Things (NDN-IoMT) framework using a lightweight certificateless (CLC) signature. We adopt the Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptosystem (HCC) to reduce cost, which provides strong security using a smaller key size compared to Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC). Furthermore, we validate the safety of the proposed scheme through AVISPA. For cost-efficiency, we compare the designed scheme with relevant certificateless signature schemes. The final result shows that our proposed scheme uses minimal network resources. Lastly, we deploy the given framework on NDN-IoMT. 相似文献
19.
Blockchain technology has become a research hotspot in recent years with the prominent characteristics as public, distributed and decentration. And blockchain-enabled internet of things (BIoT) has a tendency to make a revolutionary change for the internet of things (IoT) which requires distributed trustless consensus. However, the scalability and security issues become particularly important with the dramatically increasing number of IoT devices. Especially, with the development of quantum computing, many extant cryptographic algorithms applied in blockchain or BIoT systems are vulnerable to the quantum attacks. In this paper, an anti-quantum proxy blind signature scheme based on the lattice cryptography has been proposed, which can provide user anonymity and untraceability in the distributed applications of BIoT. Then, the security proof of the proposed scheme can derive that it is secure in random oracle model, and the efficiency analysis can indicate it is efficient than other similar literatures. 相似文献
20.
D. Chaum and H. van Antwerpen first introduced the concept of an undeniable signature scheme where the verification step is verified with the signer’s co-operation. In this paper, first we discuss a combination of Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP) and Conjugacy Search Problem (CSP) analysing its security. Then we propose an undeniable signature scheme in a non-abelian group over group ring whose security relies on difficulty of the combination of the DLP and the CSP. The complexity and security of our proposed scheme has also been discussed. 相似文献
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