格上基于OBDD访问结构的抗密钥滥用属性加密方案

为了解决属性加密中的密钥安全问题,基于环上误差学习(RLWE)和有序二元决策图(OBDD)访问结构提出了一种抗密钥滥用的密文策略属性加密方案。首先,构造了2个不同的机构来共同生成用户的私钥,降低了机构泄露密钥的风险;其次,在每个私钥中嵌入了用户的特定信息,实现了密钥的可追踪性,并通过维护白名单避免了非法用户和恶意用户的访问。另外,所提方案采用有序二元决策图的访问结构,在支持属性与、或、门限操作的基础上增加了属性的正负值。分析表明,所提方案满足抗合谋攻击和选择明文攻击下的不可区分性安全,降低了存储和计算开销,和其他方案相比更具有实用性。     

基于理想格的高效密文策略属性基加密方案

已有的基于格的密文策略属性基(CP-ABE)方案只能通过矩阵运算方法进行加解密,加解密效率不高,而效率较高的基于理想格的密钥策略属性基(KP-ABE)方案又存在对各类实际应用场景适应性较差的问题。为解决上述问题,该文利用理想格上的算法生成主密钥和密钥,同时在多项式环上进行运算,极大地提高了加解密效率;通过在原属性集合中添加虚拟属性,方案成功结合访问结构生成密文,同时授权用户可以构建出满足解密条件的子集,从而实现方案的正确解密;还利用单个陷门矩阵生成密钥,有效降低了公共参数和主密钥的数量。最终该文构建了一个基于理想格的支持门限访问结构的高效CP-ABE方案,并证明方案在环上容错学习(R-LWE)假设下是选择性安全的。与现有支持门限访问结构的方案的对比分析表明,该文方案公共参数数量更少、效率更高,且对实际应用场景有更好的适应性。     

支持直接撤销的密文策略属性基加密方案

提出一种支持直接撤销的属性基加密方案,首先给出支持直接撤销的属性基加密定义和安全模型,其次给出具体的支持撤销的密文策略——属性基加密方案并对安全性进行证明,最后,与其他方案对比显示,该方案在密文和密钥长度方面都有所减少。该方案可以实现对用户进行即时撤销,当且仅当用户所拥有的属性满足密文的访问结构且不在用户撤销列表内时,才能使用自己的私钥解密出明文。     

支持云代理重加密的CP-ABE方案

针对现有的面向CP-ABE(Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption)的代理重加密方案因代理方可以解密代理重加密密文且可以任意修改访问策略而难以支持云代理重加密的问题，本文提出支持云代理重加密的CPABE方案即CP-ABE-CPRE(CP-ABE Scheme with Cloud Proxy Re-Encryption)方案.该方案利用版本号标识不同阶段的私钥和密文来支持属性撤销，只有在用户私钥版本号和密文版本号相匹配且用户属性满足访问策略时，用户才能解密密文.当撤销用户属性时，云服务器无需修改访问策略就可以更新被撤销属性对应的保密值.该方案还通过懒惰更新和批量更新减少密文和用户私钥更新次数，提升更新效率.理论分析和实验结果分析都表明，CP-ABE-CPRE在计算开销和存储开销上均优于相关已有方案.安全性分析表明，CP-ABE-CPRE能够对抗针对性选择明文攻击（sCPA, selective Chosen Plaintext Attack）.     

基于区块链技术的光通信网络数据加密方法设计

为提升光通信网络数据传输的安全性,设计基于区块链技术的光通信网络数据加密方法。密钥生成中心生成公钥与私钥,数据加密单元结合密钥生成中心生成的公钥加密数据,得到数据密文,用户使用私钥解密云服务器存储的数据密文,获取光通信网络数据明文;加密单元利用对称加密算法,结合密钥生成中心生成的公钥,加密光通信网络数据,通过支持多关键字检索的公钥加密算法,加密关键字,利用基于格的密文策略属性基加密算法,加密数据索引,实现数据加密。实验证明：该方法可有效加密光通信网络数据;在不同类型网络攻击下,该方法加密数据的安全性均较高;在不同数据属性与关键字数量时,该方法的加密效率均较快。     

定长密文且快速解密的分布式属性基加密方案研究

属性基加密因其细粒度访问控制在云存储中得到广泛应用。但原始属性基加密方案中单授权机构带来了分发私钥的计算瓶颈与信任问题。为解决上述问题,该文基于素数阶双线性群构造了一种分布式属性基加密方案,方案中授权机构由多个权威中心和多个属性中心组成。权威中心负责系统建立及用户身份相关密钥生成,且每次用户私钥申请过程中只需一个权威中心参与工作,采用多权威中心的目的是提高系统的稳定性和降低权威中心的计算量;属性中心负责不同的属性域,相互独立甚至不需要知道其它属性中心的存在。同时,该方案的密文长度与属性数量无关,为一个常值;在解密运算过程中需要的对运算与属性数量也无关,为2个对运算。该文基于q-Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent假设在随机预言机模型下对方案进行了选择明文攻击的安全性证明。最后从理论和实验两方面对所提方案的功能与效率进行了分析与验证。实验结果表明所提方案具有固定密文长度和快速解密的能力,大大减少了存储负担并提高了系统效率。     

基于区块链的多授权密文策略属性基等值测试加密方案

针对云环境下密文策略属性基加密方案中存在的密文检索分类困难与依赖可信第三方等问题,本文提出了一种基于区块链的多授权密文策略属性基等值测试加密方案．利用基于属性的等值测试技术,实现了支持属性级灵活授权的云端数据检索和分类机制,降低了数据用户对重复数据解密的计算开销．结合多授权属性基加密机制和区块链技术,实现了去中心化用户密钥生成．采用多属性授权机构联合分发密钥,有效抵抗用户和属性授权机构的合谋攻击．引入区块链和智能合约技术,消除了现有密文策略属性基密文等值测试方案中等值测试、数据存储与外包解密操作对可信云服务器的依赖．利用外包服务器执行部分解密计算,降低了用户本地的计算开销．将原始数据哈希和验证参数上传至区块链,保障外包服务器解密结果正确性和云端数据完整性．在随机预言模型下,基于判定性qparallel Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent困难问题证明了本文方案在选择密文攻击下的单向性．与同类方案相比较,本文方案支持更多的安全属性,并具有较低的计算开销．     

基于CP-ABE的车联网云端数据安全访问控制方案

针对车联网云环境的不可信任,数据种类和数据访问用户身份复杂,访问内容多样化,以及数据所有者与数据使用者之间多对多等特点,改进CP-ABE安全算法,提出了适合车联网的云端数据安全访问控制方案(DAC-VCS)。该方案中,设置属性管理机构,根据合法用户的角色和身份为其赋予一个属性集,并利用该属性集产生用户的访问私钥;数据所有者对要上传的数据用允许访问的用户属性为加密式样,进行加密;并生成可访问数据的用户列表,将两者一起发送到云端存储。当用户访问云中数据时,首先判断用户是否位于访问列表中,如果用户在列表中且访问私钥中的属性集满足数据加密时采用的加密式样,云端将为用户生成解密口令,并将解密口令和密文一起发给用户。用户利用解密口令即可解密密文,获得自身所要的数据内容。通过这种双层保护,保障了云中数据的访问安全性,降低了所使用的云存储空间并且加解密效率得到大幅度提高。     

基于授权的多服务器可搜索密文策略属性基加密方案

针对现有属性基可搜索加密方案缺乏对云服务器授权的服务问题,该文提出一种基于授权的可搜索密文策略属性基加密(CP-ABE)方案。方案通过云过滤服务器、云搜索服务器和云存储服务器协同合作实现搜索服务。用户可将生成的授权信息和陷门信息分别发送给云过滤服务器和云搜索服务器,在不解密密文的情况下,云过滤服务器可对所有密文进行检测。该方案利用多个属性授权机构,在保证数据机密性的前提下能进行高效的细粒度访问,解决数据用户密钥泄露问题,提高数据用户对云端数据的检索效率。通过安全性分析,证明方案在提供数据检索服务的同时无法窃取数据用户的敏感信息,且能够有效地防止数据隐私的泄露。     

快速解密且私钥定长的密文策略属性基加密方案

在保证密文策略属性基加密(CP-ABE)算法安全性的前提下,尽可能地提升其工作效率一直是密码学领域的研究热点。该文从作为CP-ABE效率核心的访问结构着手,首次提出基于简化有序二叉决策图(ROBDD)的访问结构,给出了相应的策略表示方法、用户可满足性判定;基于简化有序二叉决策图(ROBDD)访问结构设计了在算法时间复杂度、存储空间占用量等方面都具有较好表现的CP-ABE方案;在安全性方面,该方案能够抵抗用户间的合谋攻击和选择明文攻击。对比分析表明,ROBDD访问结构具有更强的表达能力和更高的表达效率;新的CP-ABE方案包含时间复杂度为常数阶的密钥生成算法、解密算法,能够为用户生成定长私钥并实现快速解密。     

Multi-authority attribute-based encryption scheme with policy dynamic updating

Attribute-based encryption (ABE) is a new cryptographic technique which guarantees fine-grained access control of outsourced encrypted data in the cloud environment.However,a key limitation remains,namely policy updating.Thus,a multi-authority attribute-based encryption scheme with policy dynamic updating was proposed.In the scheme,an anonymous key issuing protocol was introduced to protect users’ privacy and resist collusion attack of attribute authority.The scheme with dynamic policy updating technique was secure against chosen plaintext attack under the standard model and can support any types of policy updating.Compared to the existing related schemes,the size of ciphertext and users’ secret key is reduced and can significantly reduce the computation and communication costs of updating ciphertext.It is more effective in the practical application.     

面向云存储的基于属性加密的多授权中心访问控制方案

已有基于属性加密的访问控制研究多是基于单授权中心来实现,该种方案在授权方不可信或遭受恶意攻击的情况下可能会造成密钥泄露。提出一种基于属性加密的多授权中心访问控制模型PRM-CSAC。基于CP-ABE方法,设计多授权中心的属性加密方案以提高密钥安全性;设计最小化属性分组算法,使用户访问文件时,能够按需分配密钥,减少不必要的属性密钥分配,降低重加密属性数量,提高系统效率;增加读写属性加强加密方对文件的访问控制,使访问控制策略更加完善。安全性分析及仿真实验表明,相比已有方案,PRM-CSAC对用户访问请求的响应时间更短,开销较小,且能够提供很高的安全性。     

Attribute-based fully homomorphic encryption scheme over rings

The fully homomorphic encryption has important applications in the area of data security and privacy security of cloud computing,but the size of secret keys and ciphertext in most of current homomorphic encryption schemes were too large,which restricted its practical.To improve these drawbacks,a recoding scheme and a attribute-based encryption scheme based on learning with errors problem over rings were provided,then a attribute-based fully homomorphic encryption was constructed.The new scheme overcame the above mentioned drawbacks,because it did't need public key certificate,meanwhile,it can achieve the fine-grained access control to the ciphertext.Compared with similar results,proposed method decreases the size of keys and ciphertext greatly.     

Privacy-preserving attribute-based encryption scheme on ideal lattices

Based on the small key size and high encryption efficiency on ideal lattices,a privacy-preserving attribute-based encryption scheme on ideal lattices was proposed,which could support flexible access policies and privacy protection for the users.In the scheme,a semi-hidden policy was introduced to protect the users’ privacy.Thus,the sensitive values of user’s attributes are hidden to prevent from revealing to any third parties.In addition,the extended Shamir secret-sharing schemes was used to construct the access tree structure which can support “and” “or” and “threshold” operations of attributes with a high flexibility.Besides,the scheme was proved to be secure against chosen plaintext attack under the standard mode.Compared to the existing related schemes,the scheme can yield significant performance benefits,especially the size of system public/secret keys,users’ secret key and ciphertext.It is more effective in the large scale distributed environment.     

支持关键词搜索的属性代理重加密方案

属性代理重加密机制既能实现数据共享又能实现数据转发,但这种机制通常并不支持数据检索功能,阻碍了属性代理重加密的发展应用。为了解决这一问题,该文提出一个支持关键词搜索的密文策略的属性代理重加密方案。通过将密钥分为属性密钥和搜索密钥,不仅可以实现关键词可搜索,而且实现了代理重加密。在验证阶段,云服务器既执行关键词验证,又可以对原始密文和重加密密文进行部分解密,从而减轻用户的计算负担。通过安全性分析,该方案可以实现数据安全性、检索分离、关键词隐藏和抗共谋攻击。     

Privacy preserving friend discovery cross domain scheme using re-encryption in mobile social networks

In order to guarantee the users’ privacy in the process of making friends in the mobile social networks,a new scheme of proxy re-encryption privacy protection in the cross-domain environment was introduced.The scheme employed the cross-domain multi-authority to sharing secret keys,so as to realize the access and shave of the cross-domain users data.And the secret keys of users’ attributes were re-encrypted,based on the technology of the proxy re-encryption and attribute encryption,to achieve the friends matching under the conditions of extending the access policy.Meanwhile,in purpose of enhancing the privacy of users’ data,the technology which contained the separation of users’ privacy ciphertext and secret keys was adopted.Based on that,problems in the existing system such as user data’s inability to be shared cross-cloud,less matching during the process of making friends and users’ inability to make friends when offline had been addressed.Security and experimental analysis show that this scheme can achieve chosen plaintext attack (CPA) security,ensure the privacy of friend discovery,and that is more effective than existing solutions.     

Multi-authority attribute-based encryption with efficient revocation

Multi-authority attribute-based encryption was very suitable for data access control in a cloud storage environment.However,efficient user revocation in multi-authority attribute-based encryption remains a challenging problem that prevents it from practical applications.A multi-authority ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption scheme with efficient revocation was proposed in prime order bilinear groups,and was further proved statically secure and revocable in the random oracle model.Extensive efficiency analysis results indicate that the proposed scheme significantly reduce the computation cost for the users.In addition,the proposed scheme supports large universe and any monotone access structures,which makes it more flexible for practical applications.     

RLWE-based ciphertext-policy attribute proxy re-encryption

To solve LWE-based proxy re-encryption schemes cannot achieve fine-grained access and low efficiency problem,a ciphertext-policy attribute-based proxy re-encryption scheme was proposed.The scheme based on linear secret sharing scheme,RLWE and attribute encryption could shorten the key size,reduce the ciphertext space and improve the efficiency of encryption and decryption.At the same time,the linear secret sharing matrix was used as an access matrix to meet the requirements of authorized person fine-grained commissioning control and to resist the collusion between the agent and the authorized person.In addition,the proposed scheme is shown to be secure under the ring learning with errors assumption in the standard model.     

数据外包环境下一种支持撤销的属性基加密方案

In order to support fine-grained attribute revocation in data outsourcing systems,an attribute-based encryption scheme with efficient revocation in indirect revocation model was proposed.The model of ABE supporting attribute revocation was given,and a concrete scheme was constructed which proved its security under the standard model.Compared to the existing related schemes,the size of ciphertext and private/secret key is reduced,and the new scheme achieves fine-grained and immediate attribute revocation which is more suitable for the practical applications.     

一种支持算术张成程序的密文策略属性加密方案

密文策略属性加密方案适用于云环境中密文数据的访问控制.已有的支持算术张成程序的属性加密方案多是密钥访问策略的方案,且公开参数规模较大.本文利用双对偶向量空间（Dual Pair Vector Space,DPVS）技术,提出了一个公开参数长度固定、支持算术张成程序的密文策略属性加密方案.在新方案中,将密文相关的访问控制向量与随机矩阵结合,密钥相关的属性分量与熵扩张引理中的公开参量结合,设计方法对应了熵扩张引理中给出的密文和密钥分量的形式.最后,基于素数阶双线性熵扩张引理和k-Lin困难假设,证明了该方案具有适应安全性.新方案与已有支持算术张成程序的属性加密方案相比,实现了密文访问策略、公开参数长度固定且满足适应安全性.