基于EEMD和ICA的单通道列车信号盲分离

针对列车混合故障的诊断,提出了一种基于集合平均经验分解（EEMD）和独立分量分析（ICA）的盲分离诊断方法。通过EEMD算法将混合信号分解为包含不同源信号特征的本征模态函数（IMF）,组成新的多维信号;用主成分分析准确估计源信号个数,解决了单通道信号盲分离的欠定问题;利用快速独立分量分析（Fast-ICA）算法实现了信号的盲分离。实验信号分别采用仿真信号和列车实验信号进行实验,实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地分离出列车的单故障信号。     

基于ICA和小波变换的轴承故障特征提取

应用独立分量分析方法和小波变换分离轴承的振动信号，提取其状态特征。并对信号进行自相关预处理，突出信号的非高斯成分，较好地满足独立分量分析的前提条件，即源信号统计独立。采用基于负熵的快速独立分量分析（ICA）算法，成功地分离出了信号的一些独立成分。对ICA处理后的分量信号进行小波变换，完成信号检测，消噪，频带分析，以获取故障信号特征，确定故障的位置和强度。研究结果表明，独立分量分析方法和小波变换能提取明显的轴承故障信号特征。     

带参考向量的ICA电子鼻背景干扰消除算法

针对电子鼻伤口感染检测中的背景干扰问题,提出一种带参考向量的独立分量分析(ICA)背景干扰消除算法。利用ICA分解传感器阵列信号并提取独立分量,通过计算独立分量与参考向量的相关性,区分有用信号和背景干扰,采用神经网络分类器进行模式识别。实验结果表明,该算法能消除电子鼻背景干扰,提高伤口感染检测的准确率。     

基于滑动窗口的独立分量分析算法

针对时变混合模型的独立分量分析(ICA)问题,提出了基于滑动窗口的ICA算法.给出了基于滑动窗的分离矩阵递归学习算法,提高了算法的运算效率,因此可应用于独立分量的在线提取和动态独立分量分析等应用场合另外,针对独立分量排序不确定性所带来的问题,提出了利用峭度值大小对输出信号进行动态排序的思路.仿真实验证明了这一思路是可行的.对窗函数长度的选择问题还进行了探讨,得出了一些有参考价值的结论.实验结果表明,基于滑动窗ICA算法能较好地应用于时变混合模型的独立分量提取,具有良好的盲分离性能.     

基于盲源分离的单通道语音信号增强

在运用基于独立分量分析(ICA)的盲源分离法进行语音增强时,要求观测信号(含噪语音)的个数不少于源信号(纯净语音和噪声)的个数.由于含噪语音通常是单通道的,所以必须合理地生成另一路的虚拟观测信号,以实现纯净语音和噪声的分离是个关键.介绍了一种基于盲源分离和谱减法的单通道语音信号增强的方法.首先运用谱减法对语音进行部分去噪,产生了ICA其中的一路观测信号,并产生了对噪声的估计值.用语音和噪声估计值的帧平均能量构成了加权函数,将噪声的估计值与原始含噪语音进行加权组合,生成另一路的虚拟观测信号.由于虚拟观测信号很好地再现了实际的观测信号,所以运用ICA可以较好地实现了噪声和语音的分离.同时,盲源分离和谱减法相互结合,使语音增强的性能提高.实验证明了算法可以在信噪比很小的情况下实现对噪声的去除,其效果要优于传统的去噪算法.     

ICA 在心音信号预处理中的应用研究

独立分量分析(ICA)是近年来涌现的用于盲信号分离的新技术，本文利用独立分量分析对心音信号进行了预处理：消除工频干扰。心音信号由自制的心音传感器获得。在分析了独立分量分析的基本原理的基础上，建立了基于互信息极小的目标函数，研究了目标函数优化的迭代算法，给出了利用此算法的ICA实现步骤。实验结果表明，利用独立分量分析有效地对心音信号进行预处理，能成功地从心音中分离出工频干扰信号。     

过完备ICA 算法在语音信号提取中的应用

在语音信号处理中常用麦克风采集语音,然后用算法进行提取和分离,目前常用的有独立分量分析（Independent component Analysis,ICA）算法。但是当麦克风个数少于说话人的个数时,即欠定情形,此时语音信号的提取需采用过完备ICA算法。提出了一种基于过完备ICA算法的两步算法：估计混合矩阵的几何算法和估计源矩阵的最短路径法。该算法能在欠定情形下对语音信号的提取有很好的作用,仿真实验验证了这一结果。     

小波消噪和ICA在语音信号分离中的应用

为了消除语音信号分离中仍存在的部分混叠声音,提出一种基于小波消噪和独立分量分析（ICA）结合的信号分离方法。该方法将小波变换和独立分量分析结合,利用小波变换的去噪作用,滤除原始语音信号中的噪声后作为ICA的输入信号,采用FastICA算法在小波域进行独立分量分析,对输入信号实施分离。实验结果表明,该方法大大调高了传统独立分量分析对语音信号的分离效果。     

独立分量分析在图像去噪方面的应用

独立分量分析(independent component analysis,ICA)是基于信号高阶统计量的盲源分离方法。在分析独立分量分析的基本模型及方法的基础上,讨论了有噪信号的独立分量分析(Noisy ICA),结合传统有噪图像分离方法与结合改进FastlCA算法有噪图像分离仿真研究进行对比。结果表明,该算法即使在高水平噪声图像中,也能够分理出比较清晰的图像。     

基于独立成分分析与核典型相关分析的WLAN室内定位方法*

接收信号强度(Received Signal Strength, RSS)在WLAN室内定位环境中存在时变特性,降低了WLAN定位环境中RSS信号和位置信息之间的相关性,致使定位精度降低。针对这一问题,该文提出通过利用独立成分分析(Independent Component Analysis, ICA)对RSS信号进行数据降维和去相关处理,提取独立分量;然后采用核典型相关分析(Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis, KCCA)来提取独立分量与位置信息之间的典型相关特征;最后结合传统定位算法如加权K近邻法(Weighted K Nearest Neighbors, WKNN)、支持向量机(Support Vector Machine, SVM)算法实现定位。实验结果表明,传统定位算法WKNN算法、SVM算法通过运用ICA与KCCA特征提取后再进行定位其定位精度得到提高。     

Performance study of receiver based on independent component analysis in CDMA systems

To improve the performances of the wireless mobile communication system, a statistical method is illustrated in this paper. It consists in separating the signals at the reception of communication systems based on code division multiple access technology. The idea is to optimize the separation of the various users sharing the same frequency and temporal resources using the emergent statistical method of independent component analysis (ICA). ICA makes it possible to extract emitted signals that are as statistically independent as possible. The bit error rate and the signal to noise ratio are used as criteria for evaluating the performances of the ICA receiver. Adding white Gaussian noise to the input signal channel and the Rayleigh channel (fading channel) cases has been considered. A comparative study with conventional receivers such as the RAKE, the matched filter (MF), and the minimum mean-squared error is carried out. The obtained results show the superiority of an ICA receiver compared to an MF receiver.     

基于独立分量分析的单通道语音增强算法

传统的独立分量分析要求观测信号的个数不能小于源信号的个数,无法直接对单路信号进行独立分量分析。为了能够利用独立分量分析分离加性噪声,须构造一路观测信号。基于语音信号的短时平稳的特性,该文提出一种构造噪声信号的算法,实现了信号与噪声的分离。仿真结果表明,利用该算法可得到很好的消噪结果,提高信号的信噪比。     

基于虚拟通道独立分量分析的阻抗胃动力消噪

为消除胃动力阻抗信号中混叠的噪声信号,利用独立分量分析的冗余取消特性,提出一种新的胃动力阻抗信号消噪方法。采用经验模态分解构造虚拟噪声通道,将一维原始胃动力阻抗信号扩展为多维观测信号,应用FastICA算法对其实施盲分离。仿真实验结果表明,该方法能有效消除叠加在胃动力阻抗信号中的噪声,不需要大量的观测样本,可运用独立分量分析实现对单个观测样本的消噪处理。     

基于独立成分分析的优选N200和P300特征通道算法

针对脑电信号存在个体差异性并易受噪声、伪迹干扰的特点,提出一种基于独立成分分析ICA的优选特征通道算法。采用ICA将通道的数据分解为N200、P300、眼电伪迹以及其他生理信号,根据这些信号对每个通道的影响程度,判定各通道是否适合进行特征提取。分别采用本方法和三种常用方法对12个被试的脑电数据进行特征通道选择,并进行N200和P300电位的辨识,经比对发现,本文方法取得了93.10%的平均分类准确率,比其他三种方法下的准确率分别高出7.27%、1.07%和75.96%。为预测任意被试的最优通道,采用最小二乘法对ICA权值和通道选择阈值之间的关系进行拟合,对三个新被试进行最优通道预测和电位的辨识,得到较高的分类准确率,说明此预测方法具有一定普适性。     

Single-channel source separation of multi-component radar signal based on EVD and ICA

This study explored a novel method based on eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) and independent component analysis (ICA) to separate the multi-component radar signal in the single channel. By exploiting the generalized periodicity of the radar signal, the proposed method structures the multi-dimensional matrix from the observed signal in single-channel through EVD, then applies ICA to the matrix to determine the basic waveform of each component, and finally reconstructs the component signals. Simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method and compared it with other methods, although the performance of proposed approach is a bit worse than some other method when processing radar signals, the most outstanding advantage of the proposed approach is that it does not require any other known conditions, and it can recover the component signals with a satisfactory level, so it can yet be regarded as an effective method.     

基于PCA和ICA的糖基化位点的预测和分析

为了提高糖基化位点的识别率,提出主成分分析(PCA)和独立成分分析(ICA)相结合的新方法对O-糖基化位点进行预测和分析。以窗口长度为51的蛋白质序列为研究对象,采用稀疏编码方案,首先利用PCA算法对蛋白质序列进行去相关预处理,以降低原始蛋白质序列的维数。然后利用ICA算法进行训练,提取特征向量构建子空间。测试序列投影到每一类子空间,计算测试序列和每类子空间重构序列的距离,根据距离大小确定所属的类。实验表明,提出的新方法有较高的预测性能。     

基于核独立成分分析的人脸识别研究

在人脸识别中提出一种基于非线性子空间的核独立成分分析(KICA)方法。在简单介绍了ICA方法的基础上,对KICA方法的基本原理和算法作了较为详细的描述。为了验证基于KICA和ICA的人脸识别方法的识别效果,进行了对比实验和分析。实验和分析结果表明,在人脸识别中,基于KICA的方法优于基于ICA的方法。     

Nonlinear and noisy extension of independent component analysis: theory and its application to a pitch sensation model

In this letter, we propose a noisy nonlinear version of independent component analysis (ICA). Assuming that the probability density function (p. d. f.) of sources is known, a learning rule is derived based on maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). Our model involves some algorithms of noisy linear ICA (e. g., Bermond & Cardoso, 1999) or noise-free nonlinear ICA (e. g., Lee, Koehler, & Orglmeister, 1997) as special cases. Especially when the nonlinear function is linear, the learning rule derived as a generalized expectation-maximization algorithm has a similar form to the noisy ICA algorithm previously presented by Douglas, Cichocki, and Amari (1998). Moreover, our learning rule becomes identical to the standard noise-free linear ICA algorithm in the noiseless limit, while existing MLE-based noisy ICA algorithms do not rigorously include the noise-free ICA. We trained our noisy nonlinear ICA by using acoustic signals such as speech and music. The model after learning successfully simulates virtual pitch phenomena, and the existence region of virtual pitch is qualitatively similar to that observed in a psychoacoustic experiment. Although a linear transformation hypothesized in the central auditory system can account for the pitch sensation, our model suggests that the linear transformation can be acquired through learning from actual acoustic signals. Since our model includes a cepstrum analysis in a special case, it is expected to provide a useful feature extraction method that has often been given by the cepstrum analysis.     

Feature Extraction Using Independent Components of Each Category

We describe an application of independent component analysis (ICA) to pattern recognition in order to evaluate the effectiveness of features extracted by ICA. We propose a recognition method suitable for independent components that consists of modules for each category. A module has two parts: feature extraction and classification. Features are independent components estimated by ICA and outputs of modules are candidates for categories. These candidates are combined and categories are decided with a majority rule. This recognition method is applied to two tasks: hand-written digits in the MNIST database and acoustic diagnosis for a compressor as real-world tasks. A FastICA algorithm is applied to extracting independent features in the proposed method. Through recognition experiments, we demonstrate that the ICA of each category extracts useful features for these tasks and the independent components are superior to the principal components in recognition accuracy. Manabu Kotani - Deceased     

Improved support vector classification using PCA and ICA feature space modification

An approach that unifies subspace feature selection and optimal classification is presented. Independent component analysis (ICA) and principal component analysis (PCA) provide a maximally variant or statistically independent basis for pattern recognition. A support vector classifier (SVC) provides information about the significance of each feature vector. The feature vectors and the principal and independent component bases are modified to obtain classification results which provide lower classification error and better generalization than can be obtained by the SVC on the raw data and its PCA or ICA subspace representation. The performance of the approach is demonstrated with artificial data sets and an example of face recognition from an image database.