二氧化钛负载型光催化剂的制备及光还原二氧化碳的研究

利用ＴｉＯ２负载钯、钌等作为二氧化碳光还原催化剂Ｐｄ／ＴｉＯ２、ＲｕＯ２／ＴｉＯ２和Ｐｄ／ＲｕＯ２,并利用电子探针分析了其表面载钯量和载钌量,用ＸＰＳ分析了表面和钌的价态,利用这些催化剂进行ＣＯ２光还原的结果表明：催化剂的制备方法对催化效果有较大影响;催化效率与催化剂表面的Ｐｄ或Ｒｕ＾４＋含量密切相关,即Ｐｄ或Ｒｕ＾４＋的含量越高,催化效果越好;另外,ＴｉＯ２表面同时修饰钯和钌后,催化效率比单独修     

钨酸铋-石墨烯复合光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

利用溶剂热法,在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与乙二醇混合溶剂中制备了钨酸铋-石墨烯光催化剂。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、EDS和DRS对纯相钨酸铋及钨酸铋-石墨烯催化剂的形貌及性能进行表征,证明钨酸铋成功复合在石墨烯上,且钨酸铋-石墨烯催化剂的光谱吸收延伸至可见光。在可见光下,纯相钨酸铋及钨酸铋-石墨烯分别对罗丹明B(RhB)进行降解,结果表明,钨酸铋-石墨烯与纯相钨酸铋相比,前者表现出更好的光催化性能,与光生电子与空穴能够快速分离有关。相同时间(40min)与光照条件下,当钨酸铋复合质量分数为0.6%的石墨烯时,对污染物RhB的降解率可达84.0%,而纯相钨酸铋的降解率仅为67.2%。     

白云母/纳米TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

以商业纳米TiO2(P25)为原料,采用湿法研磨方式,将纳米TiO2负载于白云母片体表面制得复合光催化剂,以复合后产物光催化性能为指标进行试验参数优化,得到优化加工条件:纳米TiO2负载量40％(质量分数),悬浮液固含量40％(质量分数),球料比3:1(质量比),研磨机转速1000 r/min,研磨时间60 min.白...     

二氧化钛/石墨烯复合材料的合成及电化学性能

为了提高TiO_2的导电性和材料的分散性,进而提高材料的倍率性能和循环性能,将二氧化钛与石墨烯复合,通过水热法合成了二氧化钛/石墨烯(TiO_2/rGO)复合材料,并对材料的形貌进行了表征,测试了材料用于锂离子电池的电化学性能.结果表明:与石墨烯复合后材料的比容量和倍率性能均升高,在电流密度为0.1C(C=150 mA/g)下,初始放电容量为374 mAh/g,50周后的放电比容量仍保持在165 mAh/g,循环保持率为44%,远高于同种方法下合成的二氧化钛样品50周后的比容量50 mAh/g和保持率17%.     

碳掺杂二氧化钛的制备及其可见光催化性能

以钛酸丁酯为前驱物,葡萄糖为碳源,采用一种简单的湿法工艺制备碳掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂,并考察碳掺入量及焙烧温度对催化剂性能的影响.利用XRD、FE-SEM、TEM、BET、XPS、UV-vis漫反射光谱等手段对样品进行表征测试,通过可见光（〉420nm）光催化降解甲基橙溶液来评价样品活性.结果表明：二氧化钛掺碳后,锐钛矿特征峰显著减弱,但其吸收波长拓展到可见光区;高于275℃时,样品的结晶性随焙烧温度的升高逐渐增强;光催化结果表明,以250℃、葡萄糖含量为17%的条件下制备的样品表现出更好的光催化性能,8h对甲基橙溶液的降解率达到了86.3%,约为商用P25的5倍.表征结果表明此样品基本粒子粒径在5nm左右,比表面积高达380m2/g.     

C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂的制备及其太阳光催化性能

以TiO_2和三聚氰胺为原料,在超声搅拌作用下于水相中将两种物质进行混合,而后烘干并采用一步固相法将不同质量比的TiO_2和三聚氰胺混合物置于马弗炉中进行高温煅烧,制得C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂;对制备的复合物进行X射线衍射、荧光光致发光光谱、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见吸收光谱对其理化性能进行表征;以罗丹明B为目标污染物,使用氙灯模拟太阳光光源,对复合物的光催化性能进行评价。结果表明,C_3N_4的引入增强了复合光催化剂的吸附能力;TiO_2与类石墨型C_3N_4的复合,增强了光催化剂对光的吸收能力,C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂的光催化性能较纯TiO_2有明显提高,TiO_2对污染物罗丹明B的降解效率可达21%,C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂的降解效率可达99%。     

TiO2-xNx／硅藻土复合光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化活性

以尿素为氮源,硅藻土为载体,用溶胶-凝胶法合成了硅藻土负载氮掺杂纳米TiO2复合光催化剂。采用XRD,UV-vis对样品进行了表征;以罗丹明B为降解对象,考察了罗丹明B初始浓度、催化剂投加量、溶液初始pH值对降解率的影响,同时考察了样品在太阳光下的光催化活性。结果表明,掺氮Ti02450oc焙烧2h后为锐钛矿型,N掺杂使催化剂的吸收边红移至550nm左右,诱发TiO2可见光催化活性;当催化剂用量为2g／L,溶液初始pH值为6．5时,初始浓度为10mg／L的罗丹明B在氙灯光照45min后降解率为100％,太阳光照160min后降解率为97．4％。     

绿色化学中TiO2催化材料的制备及性能研究

绿色化学是化学和环境今后革命性变化的新概念,它是一门从源头上阻止污染的化学．TiO2作为一种绿色化学中环境污染物治理方法已经引起了广泛的关注,它可将很多有机物降解成CO2、H2O和小分子．本文用溶胶一凝胶法制备纳米TiO2光催化剂,得到的TiO2光催化剂粒径在40-60nm,外观呈球形,颗粒没有团聚现象．以罗丹明B溶液为模拟废水,进行光催化降解实验,表明纳米TiO2有良好的光催化剂活性．     

Ag/TiO_2/HAP复合光催化剂的制备和表征

为使二氧化钛光催化剂能应用于纺织物中,利用溶胶-凝胶法和非均相沉淀法,制备银(Ag)/二氧化钛(TiO2)/羟基磷灰石(HAP)复合光催化剂颗粒。运用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的结构形态进行表征;并以2 mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液为待降解有机物,通过紫外光谱(UV)吸收对样品的催化性能进行了测试和分析。结果表明:制备的Ag/TiO2/HAP粒子具有核壳结构,最外层包覆的是羟基磷灰石,颗粒直径在400 nm左右,其光催化活性基本接近P25纳米TiO2粉末。     

Preparation of TiO2 photocatalyst loaded with V2O5 for O2 evolution

TiO₂ photocatalysts loaded with V₂O₅ were prepared via a modified hydrolysis process, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectra measurements. The photocatalytic activity of V₂O₅/TiO₂ was investigated by employing splitting of water for O₂ evolution. The results indicate that V₂O₅ loading can pronouncedly improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ with Fe³⁺ as an electron acceptor under UV or visible light irradiation. The optimum mass fraction of the loaded V₂O₅ is 8%, and the largest speed of O₂ evolution for 8%V₂O₅ (mass fraction) loaded TiO₂ catalyst is 118.2 μmol/(L·h) under UV irradiation, and 83.7 μmol/(L·h) under visible light irradiation.     

掺杂纳米TiO2光催化研究进展

纳米TiO2因其禁带宽和光生电子与空穴容易复合,而表现出较低的光催化活性,阻止了光催化剂纳米TiO2走向实用化.介绍了利用掺杂与共掺杂、金属与非金属掺杂手段对纳米TiO2进行改性的方法,对进一步扩大纳米TiO2的应用范围,实现纳米TiO2的工业化应用奠定了基础.     

Photocatalytic activity of bauxite-tailings supported nano-TiO2

TiO₂/bauxite-tailings (TiO₂/BTs) composites were prepared via a chemical liquid deposition method and characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and N₂ adsorption analysis. The photocatalytic performance of TiO₂/BTs composites was evaluated with UV-Vis spectrophotometer following the changes of phenol concentration under different illumination time. Effects of the calcination temperature, the pH and the cycles on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂/BTs composites were investigated. The composites calcined at 500 and 600 °C exhibit the best photocatalytic performance, and the phenol degradation ratios reacting for 40 and 160 min reach 35% and 78% respectively under the same conditions, higher than those of 29% and 76% of the Degussa P25(TiO₂). The ability of TiO₂/BTs₅₀₀ (BTs₅₀₀ represents bauxite-tailings calcined at 500 °C) composites to degrade phenol increases with decreasing pH.     

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline Fe-doped TiO2 with size of 60-70 nm was prepared by a sol-gel technique, followed by freeze-drying treatment for 2 h. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, laser diffraction particle size analyzer and OV-Vis spectrophotometer technologies were used to characterize the product. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of wastewater of paper-making. The effects of Fe ion implantation on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were also dis-cussed. The results show that the iron content plays an essential role in affecting the photocatalytic activity of the Fe-doped TiO2 and the optimum content of Fe-doped is 0.05% (mass fraction). The photocatalytic activity of sam-ples with lower content of Fe-doped is higher than that of pure TiO2 in the treatment of paper-making wastewater.The photo-degradation effect of paper-making effluent is the best by means of Fe-doped TiO2 with 0.05 % Fe.     

基于溶胶凝胶法的TiO2溶胶的制备

用N-N二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)作溶剂,钛酸丁酯作前驱物,冰乙酸为稳定剂,通过溶胶凝胶法制得了二氧化钛(TiO2)溶胶,并且对加水方式、加水量、溶剂量、pH值、温度等影响因素进行了考察.结果表明,当采用分散加水方式,温度在25℃～35℃以下,DMAC与钛酸丁酯的体积比为3.5:1,V(H2O)/V(Ti(OC4H9)4...     

Ti O2／Si O2复合光催化剂制备工艺参数优化及其表征

先以无机钛盐、硅酸盐为原料制取聚合硅酸硫酸钛,再通过液相水解法制得TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂,并用SE M、X R D、BE T和甲基橙脱色率对复合光催化剂进行表征. 结果表明,TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备优化工艺参数为：Ti（S O4）2作钛源、Ti/Si摩尔比为12 ： 1、水解反应p H值为6、煅烧温度为650oС,以此条件制备的复合光催化剂对甲基橙脱色率可达98 .6 %以上;TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂为一种分散均匀的纳米级球形颗粒,其成分为以锐钛矿为主的TiO2,SiO2的复合有效抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,同时提高了TiO2的热稳定性.     

气溶胶法制备纳米黑色TiO2颗粒及其光催化降解四环素的研究

为提高TiO₂材料光催化性能,采用气溶胶法一步制备纳米黑色TiO₂,以无水乙醇氛围代替氢化还原氛围,整体工艺简单安全。运用X射线衍射、紫外可见分光光度计、透射电镜等基础表征手段对材料进行表征测试,所制备的纳米黑色TiO₂粒径为100~200 nm,比表面积约50 m²/g,光吸收范围由紫外区域扩展至可见光区域,呈现出较好的理化性质。对900 ℃管式炉反应温度下所得的黑色TiO₂进行光催化降解四环素的研究,探讨不同制备温度、不同溶液浓度对降解率的具体影响,发现光降解5 h达到平衡,对于20 mg/L以下的低浓度四环素溶液的降解率可达到98%以上。     

Formation of active radicals and mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of phenol process using eosin sensitized TiO2 under visible light irradiation

The role of oxygen and the generation of active radicals in the photocatalitic degradation of phenol were investigated using the eosin sensitized TiO2 as photocatalyst under visible light irradiation. Diffuse reflectance spectra show that the absorbancy range of eosin/TiO2 is expanded from 378 nm (TiO2 ) to about 600 nm. The photocatalitic degradation of phenol is almost stopped when the eosin/TiO2 system is saturated with N2 , which indicates the significance of O2 . The addition of NaN 3 (a quencher of single oxygen) causes about a 62% decrease in the phenol degradation. The phenol degradation ratio is dropped from 92% to 75% when the isopropanol (a quencher of hydroxyl radical) is present in the system. The experimental results show that there are singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical generated in the eosin/TiO2 system under visible light irradiation. The changes of absorbancy indicate that the hydrogen peroxide might be produced. Through the analysis and comparison, it is found that the singlet oxygen is the predominant active radical for the degradation of phenol.     

p-n异质结TiO_2/NiO光催化剂的制备及其性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶和浸渍煅烧相结合的方法,制备出了具有p-n异质结结构的球形二氧化钛表面负载氧化镍颗粒的复合光催化剂.利用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis和PL等方法对催化剂的晶相组成、微观结构、吸光性能和光致发光性能等进行了表征.结果表明氧化镍晶粒与二氧化钛晶粒紧密接触形成p-n异质结.氧化镍颗粒的负载使复合光催化剂的吸收带边发生了明显的红移,并进入了可见光区.形成的p-n异质结促进了二氧化钛光生电子和空穴的分离,从而降低了其本征发光光强度.通过在可见光条件下对亚甲基蓝的降解研究了其光催化性能,结果表明,氧化镍颗粒的负载使二氧化钛的光催化效果在可见光区有了显著地提高,并在一定范围内随着氧化镍含量的增加光催化效果也随之提高.     

Fe3+掺杂TiO2玻璃薄膜太阳光催化降解H酸的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃表面上制备了掺杂Fe3+的TiO2薄膜,用XRD、IR对其进行表征.在太阳光的照射下,以H酸为目标物,用自制敞开连续流平板式光催化反应器,进行了光催化法降解试验.结果表明:适量Fe3+的掺杂可明显提高TiO2玻璃薄膜在太阳光下的催化性能,掺Fe3+的摩尔质量百分数为(Fe3+/TiO2)0.06%时的光催化活性最高.太阳光照射3 h,H酸脱色率达到72.5%,反应速率遵从Langmuir-Hinshelwood方程,表观速率常数K′=0.007 4 min-1.