基于正交试验的高压X形密封圈结构优化

基于正交试验法,利用ANSYS软件建立带挡圈X形密封圈的二维轴对称几何模型,分析沟槽结构、挡圈结构、安装状态和操作工况等参数对密封圈静密封性能和可靠性的影响;以最大Von Mises应力值最小为优化目标,对X形密封圈结构进行优化。结果表明:沟槽口和沟槽底的倒角尺寸过大或过小均会使密封圈产生应力集中;最大Von Mises应力随挡圈倒角尺寸和挡圈宽度的增大均先增大后减小,随着密封间隙的增大而快速增大;增大密封圈压缩率有利于提高主密封面上的接触压力,但会引起最大Von Mises应力增加;增大密封圈拉伸率有利于减小最大Von Mises应力,但X形圈安装变得困难;在高压(流体压力大于10 MPa)条件下,操作工况、安装状态参数和挡圈结构参数依次为影响密封圈密封性和可靠性的主要因素,是密封圈结构优化设计需重点研究的对象。     

基于密封接触强度的水下井口连接器VX钢圈密封特性分析

考虑密封面有效接触长度对密封性能的影响,以密封接触强度为评价指标,采用有限元方法分析水下井口连接器VX钢圈在不同预紧力、工质载荷和结构参数下的密封特性,并与以单一密封面接触应力为评价指标的密封特性分析结果进行对比。结果表明:预紧力是影响密封性能的重要因素,在保证连接器锁紧结构安全性的同时,要尽量提高安装预紧力;与接触应力相比,密封接触强度能够更好地模拟VX钢圈密封性能随预紧力、工质压力和结构参数变化的趋势。因此,在连接器VX钢圈密封特性分析过程中,应该优先选择密封接触强度作为密封性能评价指标。     

两种密封结构橡胶密封圈密封性对比分析*

以发动机出水口处螺栓预紧橡胶密封结构为例,分别建立橡胶密封圈在三孔和四孔螺栓装配结构下的有限元模型,利用有限元软件ABAQUS对比分析橡胶密封圈在不同螺栓装配结构下在不同工作温度下的密封性能和应力状态。结果表明:随着温度的升高,三、四孔螺栓预紧结构下密封圈的von Mises应力、接触应力、最大真实应变及接触宽度均逐渐增大;各工况下采用三孔和四孔螺栓装配结构时密封圈的密封性能相差不大且均满足密封要求,但采用三孔结构时密封圈具有更小的von Mises应力,有利于提高密封圈的使用寿命。     

基于数值模拟的矩形密封圈参数化分析

利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立二维轴对称模型,对静密封中矩形密封圈与O形密封圈的密封性能进行了对比,分析了矩形密封圈压缩率、材料硬度、截面长宽比和倒角尺寸对矩形密封圈的变形、接触压力和Mises应力的影响。结果表明:在静密封中,矩形密封圈的密封性能优于O形密封圈的密封性能;压缩率越大,密封性能越好;材料硬度是影响密封性能的重要因素;截面长宽比对密封性能影响最小;倒角尺寸越小对最大Mises应力和最大接触压力影响越明显;矩形密封圈的接触压力分布均匀,更适合静密封结构。     

基于快开式高压容器的O形密封性能分析

该文通过Workbench对O形圈预密封与高压密封过程进行了非线性仿真,研究了O形圈压缩率对密封性能的影响,得出不同压缩率下的O形圈应力与接触压力分布情况,针对快开式高压密封结构的需要,以设备能够承受高压反复开启不损伤或轻微损伤密封圈为原则,给出了O形圈压缩率更为严格的选取范围15%～20%;在此基础之上分析了弧形聚四氟乙烯单挡圈与双挡圈组合密封结构,结果显示单个挡圈有效抵抗密封圈内部应力集中,双挡圈提供了更大的密封接触压力,由此双挡圈结构更适合快开式高压密封。     

水液压O形圈锥面密封特性分析

针对水液压提升阀中的锥面密封问题,利用Abaqus有限元分析软件建立了锥面密封结构的二维轴对称模型,对其进行密封性能分析。分析了不同预压缩率、不同密封压力作用对O形密封圈所受最大接触压力、最大Mises应力的影响,确定了密封圈的易失效位置以及接触面的压力分布规律。结果表明:随着压缩率及密封圈所受液体压力的增大,密封圈所受到的最大Mises应力及接触面最大接触压力随之增大;带圆倒角的密封槽口或减小密封间隙,能有效减小密封圈挤出时密封槽口对密封圈的剪切应力,从而提高密封圈使用寿命,为水液压提升阀等液压元件的锥面密封结构设计提供设计依据。     

三轴可燃冰试验机X形密封圈密封性能分析

为研究三轴可燃冰试验机轴向加载杆用X形密封圈在工作时的密封性能,利用ABAQUS软件建立X形密封圈结构的二维轴对称模型,讨论了静密封中的介质压力、压缩量、摩擦系数以及特定试验工况下往复动密封对X形密封圈密封性能(应力)的影响。研究结果表明,在高介质压力下,加装挡圈可以明显改善密封圈应力集中现象;在各影响因素下,X形密封圈的接触应力均能满足密封要求,并且剪切应力均小于橡胶材料的剪切强度,不会造成X形密封圈的撕裂破坏;因为摩擦系数的增加使X形密封圈摩擦应力增加,容易造成X形密封圈的磨损失效,所以摩擦系数的选择不宜过大。在动密封分析中,X形密封圈满足密封要求,卸载过程中各应力值大于加载过程中的各应力值,使三轴可燃冰试验机可以在良好的密封状态下进行试验。     

浅谈高强度冷镦螺栓的选材

螺栓在机械设备中起着连接、紧固、定位、密封等作用，除了简单作定位的螺栓以外，在安装时均需预紧，因而螺栓都承受静拉伸载荷。预紧力愈大，则连结强度和紧固、密封性愈高。     

水下卡箍连接器金属密封圈结构优化

水下卡箍连接器金属密封圈的结构对密封性能影响很大。为得到最优的密封圈结构尺寸,通过有限元静力学分析及优化模块,分析金属密封圈所受的接触应力与结构参数之间的关系。结构优化以法兰锥面倾角、密封圈圆弧半径、半宽度、边缘厚度为设计变量,最大接触应力和最小法兰轴向力为目标函数,密封圈最大等效应力为约束变量,建立水下卡箍连接器的多目标优化模型,并使用响应面方法对其进行优化,得到多目标优化下密封圈最佳的尺寸组合。结果表明:在法兰锥面倾角、密封圈圆弧半径、半宽度、边缘厚度4个参数中,法兰锥面倾角对密封圈所需轴向力影响最大,角度越小,密封圈所需要的轴向力越小;优化后的密封圈在同样接触应力时,最大等效应力降低7.7%,法兰轴向力降低37.3%。可见在密封相同压力下,优化后密封圈需要的轴向力更小,因而使用寿命更长。     

海洋玻纤增强柔性管用锥套连接型接头密封性能研究

近年来发生的部分海洋油气泄漏事件主要由接头密封失效引起,因此接头密封性能对管道的安全运行极为重要.介绍了海洋玻纤增强柔性管用锥套连接型接头及其密封结构,并用ABAQUS软件建立密封结构的有限元分析模型,对接头密封性能进行校核;分析了海洋高压环境下O形密封圈的von Mises应力、剪应力及接触压力分布规律,确定了接头外...     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.