浅谈板壳式换热器质量控制

从板壳式换热器的特点入题,比较了板壳式换热器与普通管式换热器的优缺点,举例说明了板壳式换热器的工艺性能、设计参数、设计和结构特点,简单介绍了板壳式换热器的制造工艺及重点和难点,从监造的角度阐述了产品制造过程的质量控制,分析了制造过程中出现质量问题的原因,并提出了解决方案.最后分析了板壳式换热器目前的不足之处,提出了需要...     

LNG绕管式换热器壳侧单相传热模型的优化

天然气液化工艺中绕管式换热器的壳侧热力计算是当前亟待解决的问题之一,针对低温工况下壳侧传热模型的研究尚不多见,需要选取出适用的传热模型准确计算传热系数,为天然气液化工艺中绕管式换热器的设计选型和热力校核提供依据。本文比较分析了现有壳侧单相传热模型的优缺点,结合绕管式换热器壳侧低温实验数据,筛选出了适用于天然气液化预冷段的壳侧传热模型,并进行了优化。结果表明:对于天然气液化预冷段的壳侧传热系数计算,Abadzic传热模型计算精度最高、偏差范围最小、适用性最佳;Abadzic传热模型粘度修正后计算精度提高约50%,天然气液化预冷段的粘度修正系数可估算为1.05。     

美国空气化工产品公司提供世界上最大的LNG设备

美国空气化工产品公司将向Qatar Petroleum和Exxon Mobil公司提供AP-X液化流程技术，用于Qatargas第二期设备扩建工程，这是世界上生产液化天然气的最大设备。空气化工产品公司提供天然气液化流程技术、低温主换热器和其它一些AP-X流程所使用的设备。     

混合碳氢制冷剂在螺旋折流板管壳式冷凝器壳侧冷凝特性的实验研究

螺旋折流板管壳式冷凝器在液化天然气工厂中应用广泛,了解乙烷/丙烷混合制冷剂在管壳式冷凝器壳侧的冷凝换热特性有助于优化换热器设计。本文对乙烷/丙烷混合制冷剂在螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳侧的冷凝换热特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:壳侧换热系数随干度增加先增大后减小,在0.8~0.9附近达到峰值;换热系数随热流密度的增加而增大。新开发的换热关联式对乙烷/丙烷混合制冷剂在螺旋折流板管壳式冷凝器流动冷凝换热系数预测偏差在25%以内。     

铝管与不锈钢管板的胀接

在大型天然气液化装置中,热交换器是主要设备之一。鉴于绕管式换热器可能制造极大型换热单元,且由于板翅式热交换器通道容易堵塞和气流分配不均匀等问题还未很好解决,所以绕管式换热器仍然用得较为普遍。为了大量节省铜材而使设备轻便、廉价,同时又具有很好的低温性能和较好的抗腐蚀性,国内外都大量采用铝管来代替铜管。而铝管与管板的联接则是制造该热交换器的关键。     

杭州福斯达集团

<正>杭州福斯达实业集团是国家级高新技术企业,拥有省级技术研发中心。自1984年以来一直致力于空分设备、液化天然气装置和低温化工设备的研究、创新和发展。福斯达公司制造的空气分离设备(80Nm~3/h-80,000Nm~3/h)和液化天然气装置(1×104Nm~3/d-500×10~4Nm~3/d),甲醇洗绕管式换热器、低温化工冷箱等产品,以领先的技术和精湛的制造工艺获得了较高的用户满意度,产品广泛应用于钢铁、冶金、石油、化工、机械、环保、电子、医药等行业。公司给德国林德集团、     

换热器管束-管板焊缝失效及焊接工艺综述

管壳式换热器是石油化工行业中最为常用的换热器类型之一。其管束与管板之间的焊缝处是换热器的薄弱部位,非常容易发生失效。对不锈钢管壳式换热器管束-管板焊缝失效形式进行了总结,并详细地综述了不锈钢管壳式换热器管束与管板的焊接工艺,包括焊前处理、焊接方法、工艺参数、焊接检验等;针对性地提出了管束与管板的焊接工艺要点,为减少焊缝处的失效提供了借鉴。     

从每个细节开始关心客户

<正>杭州福斯达实业集团是国家级高新技术企业,拥有省级技术研发中心。自1984年以来一直致力于空分设备、液化天然气装置和低温化工设备的研究、创新和发展。福斯达公司制造的空气分离设备(80Nm~3/h-80,000Nm~3/h)和液化天然气装置(1×10~4Nm~3/d-500×10~4Nm~3/d),甲醇洗绕管式换热器。低温化工冷箱等产品,以领先的技术和精湛的制造工艺获得了较高的用户满意度,产品广泛应用于钢铁、冶金、石油、化工、机械、环保、电子、医药等行业,公司给德国林德集团、美国空气化工(APCI)。美国普莱克斯、德国梅塞尔集团、英国派法特公司、法国德西尼布、中国     

住友板翅式换热器的制造工艺(考察记录)

日本住友精密工业株式会社,是生产为空分设备、天然气液化设备、飞机、汽．车、内燃机、电力变压器等用的换热器,以及航空机械的一个专业化工机械制造厂。低温换热器是该厂主要产品之一,全厂职工1400人。该厂1946年开始用铝合金盐浴炉浸钎焊法生产小型换热器。1963年向英国买了板翅式换热器设计、制造技术,1964年开始生产板翅式换热器。现在     

杭州福斯达集团

<正>杭州福斯达实业集团是国家级高新技术企业,拥有省级技术研发中心。自1984年以来一直致力于空分设备、液化天然气装置和低温化工设备的研究、创新和发展。福斯达公司制造的空气分离设备(80Nm~3/h-80,000Nm~3/h)和液化天然气装置(1×10~4Nm~3/d-500×10~4Nm~3/d),甲醇洗绕管式换热器、低温化工冷箱等产品,以领先的技术和精湛的制造工艺获得了较高的用户满意度,产品广泛应用于钢铁、冶金、石油、化工、机械、环保、电子、医药等行业。公司给德国林德集团、美国空气化工(APCI)、美国普莱克斯、德国梅塞尔集团、英国派法特公司、法国德西尼布、中     

Thermodynamic design of natural gas liquefaction cycles for offshore application

A thermodynamic study is carried out for natural gas liquefaction cycles applicable to offshore floating plants, as partial efforts of an ongoing governmental project in Korea. For offshore liquefaction, the most suitable cycle may be different from the on-land LNG processes under operation, because compactness and simple operation are important as well as thermodynamic efficiency. As a turbine-based cycle, closed Claude cycle is proposed to use NG (natural gas) itself as refrigerant. The optimal condition for NG Claude cycle is determined with a process simulator (Aspen HYSYS), and the results are compared with fully-developed C3-MR (propane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant) JT cycles and various N2 (nitrogen) Brayton cycles in terms of efficiency and compactness. The newly proposed NG Claude cycle could be a good candidate for offshore LNG processes.     

大型空分联合技术发展趋势与相关技术研究

我国化工、煤炭、电力等行业的崛起,给大型空分设备的发展带来了机遇。深入研究大型空分设备的相关技术,对促进我国气体工业高效节能发展具有重要意义。文章从系统联合的角度,探讨了大型空分设备在原料气、净化以及动力方面与其他工业用氧系统的联合形式,着重讨论了空分设备与天然气液化以及LNG冷能利用系统之间的联合技术。在此基础上通过举例,指出了联合流程中参数匹配的重要性,同时给出了一些解决办法。最后讨论了低温条件下板翅式换热器的性能变化及其对传热性能的影响。     

基于液化天然气低温冷藏车的相变蓄冷实验

针对以水为相变工质通过铜质圆管壁与低温氮气换热发生固液相变问题,通过测温和可视化测量手段模拟研究固液相变贮存LNG冷量过程,获得管内低温气体、管外液相区温度分布及冰层图相,分析了管内换热和液相区自然对流综合影响下的冰层变化和分布特性,结果表明:该换热问题具有典型的变壁温变热流密度的热边界条件;冰层厚度在有限时间内近似线性增长,且沿管长锥状分布、冰层锥度随时问呈对数增长趋势;由于液相区水的密度反转效应使自然对流主流向发生改变,导致上下壁面冰层厚度发生反转.     

小型MRC天然气液化装置中板翅式换热器动态特性仿真研究

针对采用混合制冷剂液化流程(MRC)的小型天然气液化装置(LNG)中的板翅式换热器建立了动态特性仿真数学模型,基于气液两相流理论及气液相平衡理论,对多股流、多组分、有相变的板翅式换热器进行了动态仿真研究,并对该MRC-LNG装置中某换热器在非稳态工况下进行了仿真分析.结果表明:在小型MRC液化天然气装置设计和调试过程中,该模型对提高换热器设计效率、降低运行成本有指导意义.     

大直径重叠式浮头式换热器的制造

介绍Φ2200 mm大直径重叠式浮头式换热器的主要制造过程,主要包括接管的组焊要求、上/下换热器的重叠组装要求、浮动管板管头水压试验要求及试压工装的制作等。     

LNG and world energy needs. Part 1: Gas liquefaction and world resourcesLa liquéfaction des gaz et ressources mondiales. 1e partie: les GNL et les besoins mondiaux en énergie

The development of international trans-shipment of LNG will be reviewed, comparing the present achievement with the world potential. The scope for further development will be discussed together with the problems that delay it.Base-load liquefaction plants have already achieved a high level of efficiency and reliability, and the possibility of major improvement has become small. Present technical interest centres on the practicability of offshore liquefaction, including the problems of liquefaction on a floating barge, floating storage and flexible pipeline systems for LNG transfers.Land-based LNG storage systems have developed greatly, especially in Japan, where important strides have also been made in utilising the ‘cold’ available from re-evaporation. Whilst significant developments have been made with both above-ground and in-ground storage the present preferences appear to lie with a compromise solution involving an insulated tank partially submerged in the ground, the excavated earth being mounded around the tank up to the level of the tank top.There are now fleets of ocean-going tankers for LNG, and a few are laid-up awaiting charter. The largest has a capacity in excess of 130 000 m³. Several different insulation systems are employed, the criteria being cost, evaporation losses and safety. Much attention is being devoted to the elimination of hazards which could arise with shipping accidents.Other uses of LNG are relevant to energy conservation on a smaller scale. These include peak-shaving plants, the enrichment of lean natural gas, satellite stations and diurnal storage.     

LNG and world energy needs. Part 1: Gas liquefaction and world resources

The development of international trans-shipment of LNG will be reviewed, comparing the present achievement with the world potential. The scope for further development will be discussed together with the problems that delay it.Base-load liquefaction plants have already achieved a high level of efficiency and reliability, and the possibility of major improvement has become small. Present technical interest centres on the practicability of offshore liquefaction, including the problems of liquefaction on a floating barge, floating storage and flexible pipeline systems for LNG transfers.Land-based LNG storage systems have developed greatly, especially in Japan, where important strides have also been made in utilising the ‘cold’ available from re-evaporation. Whilst significant developments have been made with both above-ground and in-ground storage the present preferences appear to lie with a compromise solution involving an insulated tank partially submerged in the ground, the excavated earth being mounded around the tank up to the level of the tank top.There are now fleets of ocean-going tankers for LNG, and a few are laid-up awaiting charter. The largest has a capacity in excess of 130 000 m³. Several different insulation systems are employed, the criteria being cost, evaporation losses and safety. Much attention is being devoted to the elimination of hazards which could arise with shipping accidents.Other uses of LNG are relevant to energy conservation on a smaller scale. These include peak-shaving plants, the enrichment of lean natural gas, satellite stations and diurnal storage.     

微通道换热器研究进展

从微通道换热器的发展历史出发,介绍其制造方式、结构和材料,重点介绍对微通道换热器发展和降低成本有重要影响的全铝微通道管材成形加工技术。对微通道传热的特征进行述评,从微电子微机械高效传热、CO2制冷减少温室气体排放和提高家用空调能效比几个方面展现微通道换热器的应用前景。     

Development of highly effective cryogenic printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) with low axial conduction

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the thermal and hydraulic performance of a printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) for use in the cryogenic temperature region. Compact PCHEs with multiple corrugated, longitudinal flow microchannels were fabricated using chemical etching and diffusion bonding to evaluate their thermal and hydraulic performance. The testing of the PCHEs was conducted with helium gas at cryogenic temperatures. The pressure drop and thermal effectiveness values obtained from the measured pressures and temperatures are discussed. The thermal performance was predominantly affected by the axial conduction heat transfer in the low Reynolds number ranges of theses experiments. A simple performance calculation model is presented, and the effectiveness calculated from the model is compared with the experimental data. The design of the cryogenic PCHE was then modified to reduce axial conduction losses.