凝汽器管板和水室的防腐

根据凝汽器水室和管板的腐蚀机理,提出用环氧煤沥青做防腐涂层。本文介绍了环氧煤沥青的主要成分、性能以及凝汽器用环氧煤沥青防腐的施工工艺及涂层质量的检测方法等。     

环氧富锌/环氧煤沥青涂层在原油罐底沉积液中失效过程的EIS研究

采用环氧富锌涂料作为底漆,环氧煤沥青重防腐涂料作为面漆,研究了该涂层体系在原油罐底沉积液中失效过程的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)的变化,并提出相应腐蚀阶段的等效电路,讨论了阻抗谱的特征变化与涂层体系结构及性能变化的关系。结果表明,从EIS特征可以反映出涂层体系所处的腐蚀阶段,提出的判断方法可为罐底防腐蚀涂层的失效研究和维修维护提供参考。     

防锈防腐涂料得到广泛应用（市场动态）

近年来，国外为解决钢结构各种造物的防腐蚀问题，适应长期防腐蚀的需要，开发了种种防腐蚀涂料。目前防腐蚀涂料的品种有环氧、环氧酚醛、环氧沥青等环氧类、聚氨酯和氯化橡胶等产品。其中氯化橡胶作为防腐蚀涂料已广泛应用於各种海洋构筑物。日本开发了一种酚醛改性醇酸树脂用於氯化橡胶涂料中，改进了防腐蚀涂料的硬度和耐久性。     

防锈防腐涂料得到广泛应用

近年来，国外为解决钢结构各种造物的防腐蚀问题，适应长期防腐蚀的需要，开发了种种防腐蚀涂料。目前防腐蚀涂料的品种有环氧、环氧酚醛、环氧沥青等环氧类、聚氨酯和氯化橡胶等产品。其中氯化橡胶作为防腐蚀涂料已广泛应用於各种海洋构筑物。日本开发了一种酚醛改性醇酸树脂用於氯化橡胶涂料中，     

用香兰素废胶制备防腐蚀涂料

有机废橡胶的挥发，渗沥对大气，土壤和水质的污染相当严重，而裂解处理则成本相对较高，本文作者刘晓亚、奚冬雷、熊万斌等介绍了通过共混改性处理废胶的方法及以废胶代替煤沥青制备环氧-煤沥青防腐蚀涂料所采用的药品、仪器、设备以及该涂料的性能等。     

聚源HS环氧煤沥青涂料被定为火电厂建筑材料

由陕西合阳源源化工有限责任公司研制开发成功的ＨＳ型环氧煤沥青涂料 ,前不久被国家电力公司电力规划设计总院评审指定为火电厂建筑材料。该产品以优质的环氧树脂、煤沥青和各种功能性填料 ,经优化改进研磨调制而成。具有较强的耐腐蚀性 ,耐强酸、强碱和无机盐等介质。抗水渗透 ,覆盖力强 ,漆膜坚韧密实 ,耐磨耐冲击性能优异 ,柔韧性好。主要用于油气田、矿山、水电、化工等行业的各种管道、贮罐及金属构件的腐蚀防护以及海洋、沼泽、盐湖等恶劣环境使用的金属设备、水泥和木材构件的腐蚀防护。可使用滚涂、喷涂和涂刷等方法。聚源HS环氧…     

有机涂层厚度对低碳钢腐蚀规律的影响

采用环氧煤沥青作为涂层材料，测定了涂敷不同厚度涂层的Q235钢的交流阻抗谱。结果表明，随着涂层厚度的增加，涂层电阻和极化电阻都得到提高，涂层抗电解质溶液侵蚀能力增强，从而减缓了金属基体的腐蚀进程。     

从腐蚀控制中寻找财富--就腐蚀控制与专家对话

腐蚀控制作为一个新兴的产业，已显示出它强劲的发展势头。针对我国腐蚀控制行业的现状，亟待解决的是整顿和整合从事防腐蚀工作的社会力量，使之健康发展。中国防腐蚀技术协会本着扶优扶强的原则，在2003年向国内外推出一批中国优秀防腐蚀企业和企业家。全面展示中国在腐蚀控制技术方面取得的成果以及企业的实力和行业的整体风貌，为腐蚀控制产业的成长推波助澜。     

复合涂层在立井井简装备中的应用

根据立井装备环境条件及腐蚀原因，采用单一防腐蚀方式不能满足立井井简装备防腐蚀需要。通过对电弧喷涂防腐蚀机理分析，将电弧喷锌和涂防锈漆复合防腐蚀工艺应用于立井井筒装备中，即电弧喷锌作为防腐蚀层，采用环氧富锌漆对喷锌层进行封闭，防腐蚀效果良好。     

一种新型的长效无溶剂纯环氧压载舱防腐蚀涂料面市

海洋化工研究院近10年来在无溶剂纯环氧防腐蚀涂料研究的基础上，成功开发出一种新型的长效无溶剂纯环氧压载舱防腐蚀涂料，该产品在施工、使用等方面完全能满足压载舱内壁防腐蚀和保护的实际需要。此前，无溶剂纯环氧压载舱防腐蚀涂料已在压载舱上进行了试用，但因存在黏度增加太快、使用期短、施工性能不理想等缺陷，大面积推广应用受到了限制。海洋院研发成功的这一低表面处理、长效无溶剂纯环氧防腐蚀涂料，很快在压载舱上得到了成功的应用，被舰船建造和维修使用部门称为“期盼的产品”，具有很高的推广应用价值。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.