棕榈醇-棕榈酸-月桂酸@(Ce-La-TiO2)光-热-湿复合材料的制备与表征

以Ce-La-TiO₂空心微球作为载体材料,棕榈醇（H）-棕榈酸（PA）-月桂酸（LA）作为相变材料,采用溶胶-凝胶法与真空吸附法制备H-PA-LA@（Ce-La-TiO₂）光-热-湿复合材料,利用UV-Vis、XRD、DSC、DVS和SEM分析技术测试与表征其光响应性能、热性能、湿性能、组成成分和微观形貌。结果表明：H-PA-LA@（Ce-La-TiO₂）光-热-湿复合材料呈现均匀的球体,粒径较小且分散较好,实现Ce离子与La离子协同作用;当Ce（NO₃）₃·6H₂O与La（NO₃）₃·6H₂O的质量比为1∶1时,H-PA-LA@（Ce-La-TiO₂）光-热-湿复合材料具有最优的光响应性能;H-PA-LA与（Ce-La-TiO₂）空心微球的质量比为1∶2时,H-PA-LA@（Ce-La-TiO₂）光-热-湿复合材料具有最优热性能;真空干燥箱的真空度为0.07 MPa时,H-PA-LA@（Ce-La-TiO₂）光-热-湿复合材料具有最优湿性能。     

浅论如何实现矿业勘查与开发的可持续发展

矿业是国民经济的基础,关系到经济社会发展的方方面面;论述了矿产勘查与开发中存在着诸多有待解决的问题,它影响并制约着矿产勘查与开发的可持续发展战略;提出了要改变这种不利现状,必须坚持以科学的发展观来指导矿产勘查与开发事业,实现可持续发展战略。     

锌粉还原法制备2,5-二甲氧基-4-苯胺的研究

采用乙醇和水的混合溶液为介质,用锌粉还原2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯硝基苯制备中间体2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯苯胺.最佳反应条件如下:2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯硝基苯与锌粉的摩尔比为1:4;2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯硝基苯与冰醋酸的摩尔比为1:0.1;混合溶剂中乙醇和水的体积比为3:2;以氯化铵为电解质,2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯硝基苯与氯化铵的摩尔比为1:0.06.在此反应条件下得到的还原产物收率可达91.45%、熔点为116～117℃、胺基值为97.33%.     

2-苄基-1,3-二苯基-1,3-丙二酮的合成及其铕配合物光致发光

合成了新的配体2-苄基-1,3-二苯基-1,3-丙二酮和新的铕配合物Eu(RDBM)3phen,并用元素分析(EA)、IR和UV对配合物进行了表征;配合物Eu(RDBM)3phen在波长328nm激发下,发出以铕的特征发射谱线615nm左右为主的强荧光,对应跃迁为5D0→7F2;2-苄基-1,3-二苯基-1,3-丙二酮对铕离子具有敏化作用,是铕配合物的良好配体.     

云南国有及国控矿业企业可持续发展的矿产资源战略

云南省矿产资源丰富,矿业是云南省支柱产业之一,有一批相当规模和技术水平举足轻重的国有及国控股矿业企业,它们的可持续发展对云南省经济和社会可持续发展至关重要。针对部分矿产资源保障程度不高与资源需求量大之间的矛盾日趋突出,基于云南省矿产资源潜力巨大,研究提出了行业矿产资源整合、加强地质勘查及大企业(集团)找矿工作、开发周边国家矿产、合理开发和和利用矿产资源、实现产业结构和产品结构升级、节约资源建立循环经济等可持续发展战略及建议。     

1-氨基-3-十二烷基-1，2，3-三唑硝酸盐的合成研究

以乙二醛、水合肼及溴代十二烷为原料,经加成-消除、环化、烷基化、复分解4步反应得到1-氨基-3-十二烷基-1,2,3-三唑硝酸盐。通过核磁、红外、质谱等分析手段对目标产物进行了结构表征。探索并优化了加成-消除、环化和烷基化反应条件。各步反应的最佳条件为：加成-消除反应中,n（水合肼）n（乙二醛）n（甲醇）＝319,70℃反应5 h,收率为90．3％;环化反应中,m（二氧化锰）m（乙二腙）＝21,20℃反应3h,收率为88．2％;烷基化反应中,n（1-氨基-1,2,3-三唑）n（溴代十二烷）＝11．5,80℃反应40h,收率为64．5％;复分解反应易进行且得率高,反应3．5h,产率为80．4％,目标产物总收率为41．3％。     

顶空-气相色谱法测定聚氨酯泡沫塑料中三种氟利昂物质的含量

建立了顶空-气相色谱电子捕获器法测定聚氨酯泡沫塑料中残留一氟三氯甲烷(R11)、1,1,2,2,-四氟-1,2-二氯乙烷(R114)、1-氟-1,1-二氯甲烷含量(R141b)的方法。方法采用GS-GasPro专用气体柱实现三种化合物良好的分离,方法具有良好的线性关系,R11、R114、R141b的相关系数分别为0.998,0.999和0.999;加标回收率为75-99.2%,标准偏差在5.7-8.9%,方法的检出限分别为0.15mg/kg、2.5 mg/kg、2.5 mg/kg。     

1,4-二叠氮-2,3-二叠氮甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷的合成

以硝基甲烷为原料合成了1,4-二叠氮-2,3-二叠氮甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷,总收率为37.8%。采用1HNMR﹑IR和MS对目标产物及中间体的结构进行了表征。在三羟甲基硝基甲烷的合成中,结合反应机理确定了氢氧化钙的用量为:n(CH3NO2)n(Ca(OH)2)=1001;通过对催化剂浓硫酸﹑三氟化硼—乙醚络合物和对甲苯磺酸的比较,得出对甲苯磺酸为中间体2,2-二甲基-5-羟甲基-5-硝基-1,3-二氧杂环己烷合成的较优催化剂;分别采用2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四硝酸酯和2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四对甲苯磺酸酯与NaN3反应,发现磺酸酯基易离去,叠氮化反应更易进行,收率较高;叠氮化反应的较优溶剂为DMSO。DSC分析表明,1,4-二叠氮-2,3-二叠氮甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷的分解峰温为223.46℃。     

5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯的聚合及接枝反应

利用新型Pd(Ⅱ)型"裸露"的金属催化荆催化5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯(VNB)的乙烯加成聚合,并利用红外(IR)、核磁(<'1>H-NMR)对单体及聚合物的结构进行了表征.同时利用过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂引发聚合物与丙烯酸叔丁酯(tBA)、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPA)、甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)的接枝反...     

镍-磷-碳-氧沉积速率及镀层组成与性能的影响因素研究

为了使化学镀镍-磷-碳-氧工艺尽快工业化,用紫外-可见分光光度计和高效液相离子色谱检测了化学镀镍-磷-碳-氧体系的镍离子、亚磷酸根离子浓度的变化,对镀层的表面形貌及组成成分进行了表征.探讨了稀土金属离子(La3 、Nd3 、Ce4 )浓度、pH值、温度及副产物HPO23-对镍-磷-碳-氧沉积速率、镀层性能及组成变化的影响,分析了产生这些变化的原因.结果表明,体系的pH值和温度与沉积速度呈正相关性;稀土金属Nd3 的用量与沉积速率呈负相关性;La3 、Ce4 的用量小于2.5 mL/L(c=0.01 mol/L)时可提高Ni-P沉积速率;Ce4 、Nd3 能有效地提高镀层光亮度,降低镀层磷含量;HPO23-的积聚使镍-磷-碳-氧的沉积速率降低,镀层的C、O含量增加,耐盐性及硬度增强,脆性加大;提高沉积速率所得镀层的耐酸蚀性均降低.     

Standardization Framework of Marine Sustainable Development Evaluation System

The core concepts of standardization framework of marine sustainable development evaluation system are fairness and justice and the aim of sustainable development is to pursue development beneficial both for the current and future generations.Scientific evaluation of sustainable marine development is important for ensuring an accurate level of marine development.Establishing a scientific evaluation system is of great importance in the planning of marine development.Standardization of such an evaluation syst...     

浅析社区可持续发展国际标准工作领域及其进展

ISO/TC 268社区可持续发展标准化技术委员自从2012年成立以来,会加快了可持续发展国际标准的研制步伐。由于国内外对社区和可持续发展的理解差异较大,本文依据ISO/TC 268的工作范围明确了社区、可持续发展在国际标准化工作中的内涵,并进一步剖析了ISO/TC 268的工作范围与经济、社会、环境等领域的关系。最后,本文介绍了ISO/TC 268成立以来相关国际标准研究进展的情况。     

The effects of technological innovation on sustainable development and environmental degradation: Evidence from China

Despite the rapid progress of the global economy and technology's key role, severe environmental and ecological challenges must be given proper attention to advance sustainable development. This paper uses the autoregressive distributed lag method on 40 years of data to investigate the impact of technological innovation on China's sustainable development and determine the channels through which technological innovation contributes to sustainable development. Our empirical results demonstrate that technological innovation is an important driver in promoting sustainable development, revealing that innovation adds to economic growth without harmful effects on the environment. The results also indicate that financial development significantly adds to China's sustainable development through carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions reduction, and economic growth further triggers the sustainability process by reducing CO₂ emissions. The findings of this paper enhance existing theories and contribute to the progress of sustainable development in China, the novel results outlining industry development drivers could potentially be used for developing global innovation policies integration.     

区域水资源可持续利用评价理论模型与方法

文章在论述区域水资源可持续利用与水资源承载能力关系的前提下,提出了区域水资源可持续利用评价的模糊模式识别理论、模型和方法。应用所建立的模型对汉中盆地水资源可持续利用的程度进行了评价,应用实例表明,理论模型严谨,方法简洁,评价结果合理可行。此方法也可用于区域社会经济可持续发展等的评价。     

The outlook of building information modeling for sustainable development

As human needs evolve, information technologies and natural environments require a wider perspective of sustainable development, especially when examining the built environment that impacts the central of social-ecological systems. The objectives of the paper are (a) to review the status and development of building information modeling (BIM) in regards to the sustainable development in the built environment, and (b) to develop a future outlook framework that promotes BIM in sustainable development. Seven areas of sustainability were classified to analyze forty-four BIM guidelines and standards. This review examines the use of BIM in sustainable development, focusing primarily on certain areas of sustainability, such as project development, design, and construction. The developed framework describes the need for collaboration with the multiple disciplines for the future adoption and use of BIM for the sustainable development. It also considers the integration between “BIM and green assessment criteria”; and “BIM and renewable energy” to address the shortcomings of the standards and guidelines.     

可持续理念下公共设施设计研究

目的 结合当前城市发展问题,聚焦公共设施的长远发展,探索可持续理念的有效融入。方法 首先从城市公共设施与可持续理念的定义出发,分析城市公共设施的分类及范围,阐述可持续发展理念的深层内涵;其次从影响层面分析可持续理念作用于公共设施的材料、体积、重量、工艺、效能等方面的表现,为接下来的深入探究打好基础;最后以整体、环保、能源等视角分别对公共设施的可持续发展进行延展,探索公共设施的设计方向和设计方法,找寻更加科学的可持续设计思路。结论 可持续理念是当前城市发展中必须遵循的一个重要原则,其作用于公共设施这一城市发展中的重要文明载体,能够让公共设施更好地满足大众的使用需求及审美需求,进而影响人们的思想与生活的各个方面,实现功能与精神的结合,创造出更加理想、长远的城市公共设施。     

青岛地铁公共艺术设计的文化可持续发展研究

目的 对青岛地铁文化建设、环境艺术设计、公共艺术设计可持续发展进行研究。方法 通过研究地铁站点环境设计、站内景观设计、地铁整体视觉导向及人性化设计的可持续发展,以及地铁文化建设公益设计等,探索具有可持续发展的地域文化和艺术设计形式。结论 差异也是价值所在,地铁公共空间艺术设计要实现文化的可持续发展,必须要寻找地域文化差异。只有保持差异,才能使地铁公共艺术设计的生命力承接城市文化,促进可持续发展城市建设。     

Shaping sustainable development to support human welfare

Due to increased environmental awareness and social responsibility, social and human welfare have been increasingly viewed through the prism of sustainable development. As sustainable development is a highly multi-disciplinary field of research, a considerable number of studies have been devoted to this issue. The studies show that sustainable development has become an urgent task for the international community, academia, industry experts, policy makers and the general public, due to the rapidly growing social challenges of mankind. This review article provides a short assessment of the current state-of-the art papers related to sustainable development covered in the recent publications mostly originated from previous SDEWES conferences.     

Elucidating the Indirect Contributions of Packaging to Sustainable Development: A Terminology of Packaging Functions and Features

Packaging has great potential to contribute to sustainable development through its functions. Previous research has indicated a need for increased knowledge among consumers, suppliers, authorities and media of how packaging functions and features influence sustainable development. Previous research also shows the need for a common terminology of packaging functions and features in order to facilitate and improve communication and understanding in development and decision processes. This conceptual paper sets out to identify, collect, analyse and systemize packaging functions and features and evaluate them based on their indirect contributions to sustainable development. The systemized functions and features are expressed in generic terminology. Three clusters of packaging functions were identified from the literature: protect, facilitate handling and communicate. Nineteen packaging features were also identified. They were grouped under the three functions and elaborated based on their indirect contributions to the environmental, social and economic dimensions of sustainable development. Fourteen potential positive indirect effects were identified including decreased product waste, reduced risk for human health hazards, increased handling and transport efficiency. Decreased product waste was generated by 13 of the features and was thus the most frequently appearing. Reducing waste is thereby indicated to be a manifold matter, but also one of great potential. The proposed terminology can contribute to an increased understanding of how packaging can actually contribute to sustainable development. In a theoretical context, this paper attempts to complement earlier work in sustainable packaging development by its emphasis on the indirect contributions of packaging to sustainable development.     

基于可持续设计视角的社区内儿童玩具共享系统研究

目的从可持续视角研究社区家庭的闲置玩具,以闲置玩具高效利用和社区可持续发展为目标,对社区资源管理系统进行创新设计,探讨促进社区可持续消费的设计策略。方法将共享经济思维融入社区生活可持续发展中为,研究共享经济发展的理论背景,调研儿童玩具在社区存在过剩闲置、处理不佳等问题,分析市场上玩具共享租赁平台的案例,探索用户参与玩具共享的动机和影响因素,以闲置物品再流通的共享消费模式为解决闲置玩具问题的方法。结论提出了以社区为中心的儿童闲置玩具共享的可持续消费设计策略,创建儿童玩具共享服务系统和玩具共享服务中心,从社区层面推广可持续消费模式,对带动公众践行可持续消费具有重要意义,为社区的可持续生活方式提供新的思考和启示。