环糊精及其衍生物在有机合成中的应用

综述了环糊精及其衍生物在各种有机化学反应中的应用,包括氧化、还原、取代、加成、光催化反应。最后从有机绿色合成的角度,展望了环糊精在有机合成的发展方向。     

Recent advances in the use of tri(2-furyl)germane,triphenylgermane and their derivatives in organic synthesis

Tri(2-furyl)germane is a readily prepared, easy-to-handle, and storable triorganogermane. The three 2-furyl groups confer unique reactivity on it in a variety of reactions. Tri(2-furyl)germane is a promising alternative to tributyltin hydride in radical reaction, especially superior in radical addition to alkenes. The hydrogen of tri(2-furyl)germane is so acidic that generation of the corresponding germyl anion is achieved with the aid of weak bases, such as potassium tert-butoxide and cesium carbonate. The anion participates in nucleophilic addition to aldehydes, 1,4-addition to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, and coupling reaction with aryl and vinyl halides under palladium catalysis. Palladium-catalyzed hydrogermylation with tri(2-furyl)germane create some novel phenomena. Some chemistry of triphenylgermane will be described.     

胺基取代硅烷及其在有机合成中的应用

介绍了胺基取代硅烷的结构、制备及反应性能、它们作为一个有效的胺基源在有机合成中将是以广泛的应用。     

乙醛酸酯的烯反应及其在有机合成中的应用

乙醛酸酯的烯反应是有机合成中很重要的新反应。本文综述了该反应的区位选择性，不对称诱导及其在天然产物不对称合成中的应用。     

新型氧化剂有机过氧磺酸的就地制备方法及其在有机合成化学中的应用

对有机过氧磺酸的就地制备方法及其在有机合成化学中的应用,主要包括对烯烃的环氧化,对杂原子氮和硫的氧化和对酮的氧化进行了综述.     

Biocatalysis as a useful tool in pheromone synthesis. Enantiomerically pure building blocks from baker's yeast reductions and enzyme catalysed resoluti

Biocatalytical methods are presented which provide useful building blocks for pheromone synthesis. Examples of the utility of this approach are the preparation of building blocks for the synthesis of stereochemically pure isomers of pine sawfly pheromones and some other pheromones. Enantiom- erically pure ( 98% ee) 2-methyl-1-alkanols 2 were obtained via baker's yeast reduction of suitable ,β-unsaturated aldehydes, and by using lipases from Pseudomonas to effect resolution by transesterification of suitable racemic precursors to 2-methyl-1-alkanols 2 which gave high enantiomeric ratios E > 100. The resolution by esterification mediated by lipase from Candida rugosa of racemic 2-methylalkanoic acids also gave high enantiomeric ratios E> 100 after having improved the reaction conditions by regulating water activity, by choice of the appropriate complimentary substrate alcohol and by adjusting the initial equivalents of the latter present at the start. Also discussed is the separation of diastereomers of diprionol 1, which is naturally occurring in the pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer, where it is the direct precursor of its pheromone.     

异硫氰酸酯及其衍生物的制备和应用进展

异硫氰酸酯是一种重要的有机合成中间体,其在生活和生产的重要性日益彰显出来。综述了各种异硫氰酸酯的合成方法,介绍它和其衍生物在医药、农业领域的应用进展,并详细介绍以异硫氰酸酯作为中间体合成出来的新型高效低毒捕收剂在矿物浮选方面的应用。     

The chemistry of thiohydrazonates and their utility in organic synthesis

Syntheses, spectroscopic properties and reactions of thiohydrazonates are reviewed. The reactions of the title compounds are subdivided in sections that cover their rearrangement, oxidation and substitution. The utility of these esters in synthesis of thirty six different heterocyclic ring systems has also been presented. Their biological and industrial applications are pointed out.     

不对称邻二醇的合成及其在有机合成中的应用

综述了对称邻二醇的合成和选择性转换，以及它在立体控制催化剂和天然产物不对称合成等方面的应用。     

苯甲酰基硫脲及其衍生物的合成研究

以苯甲酰基异硫氰酸酯为原料,分别与2,4-二硝基苯肼和水合肼在相应条件下反应合成具生理活性的2,4-二硝基苯氨基苯甲酰基硫脲和氨基苯甲酰基硫脲。为了探索反应的最佳条件,分别对反应的溶剂、反应温度、反应时间以及展开剂的比例进行了探索。经大量的实验后,最终得到合成出产物的最优条件。产物经过净化处理,通过红外光谱和熔点的测定,表明产物即为目标产物2,4-二硝基苯氨基苯甲酰基硫脲和氨基苯甲酰基硫脲。     

杂多酸(盐)催化剂在有机合成中的应用

概述了杂多酸(盐)催化剂独特的结构特性和制备方法,介绍了近5年来杂多酸(盐)催化剂在氧化-还原反应、酯化反应、烷基化反应、水合和脱水反应以及异构化反应中的应用,特别是改性杂多酸(盐)和不同载体负载的改性杂多酸(盐)催化剂在各类反应中的应用,并且较全面地概括了每一类反应的反应机理,列举了各种新型杂多酸(盐)催化剂在有机合成中的具体应用.     

A new method for predicting thermal conductivity of pure organic liquids and their mixtures

A new method based on Enskog's hard sphere theory for dense fluids and the principle of corresponding states is presented for predicting thermal conductivity of pure organic liquids and their mixtures. The thermal conductivities of alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, aldehydes, esters and ketones were calculated using this method which requires only critical properties and normal boiling point as input data. The predictions were compared with experimental data and other prediction methods over a wide range of temperatures (0.3 < T_r < 0.8) and highly satisfactory results were obtained. The method was also extended to mixtures employing simple mixing rules for calculating mixture properties.     

Enantiomerically pure tetrahydroisoquinolines from the gold-catalysed isomerization of substrates derived from furans and amino acids

A new route to enantiomerically pure 8-hydroxytetrahydroisoquinolines is based on furan derivatives and amino acids from renewable resources and gold catalysis. The stereogenic centre from the amino acid remains unchanged in the product.