Al-6.5%Mg合金的半固态流变铸造及其性能

利用保温电磁搅拌制备半固态浆料,对Al-6.5%Mg合金的半固态流变铸造进行研究。实验中对该合金的常压铸造、液态压铸和半固态压铸所得铸件的显微组织、力学性能和拉伸断口进行分析比较。结果表明,常压铸造得到的Al-6.5%Mg合金组织为粗大的树枝晶,力学性能较低;与常压铸造相比,液态压铸件的树枝晶生长较为规则,枝晶得到细化,同时,液态压铸件的强度和塑性提高明显;半固态压铸的显微组织则为规则的球状晶,与液态压铸相比,半固态压铸件的强度略有提高,表现出更好的塑性。     

半固态流变压铸铝合金件疲劳性能研究

对比研究了液态压铸和半固态流变压铸对ZL114A铝合金铸件疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,半固态流变压铸件相较于传统液态压铸件疲劳性能更好而且更稳定。液态压铸件的疲劳寿命主要受孔洞尺寸影响,孔洞尺寸越大,疲劳寿命越低。半固态压铸件的疲劳寿命主要受密度(孔隙率)影响,与密度成正比。半固态压铸ZL114A铝合金试样在密度大于2.62g/cm^3时,疲劳性能表现良好。在70MPa应力下,疲劳寿命可达107次。液态压铸件裂纹萌生于大的气缩孔,半固态压铸件的裂纹萌生是于中心缩松多孔的综合作用结果。     

半固态流变铸造镁合金浆料的组织特征

采用自制的镁合金半固态成形机组,研究半固态浆料的微观组织特征.结果表明,浆料的铜模激冷凝固得到的微观组织既不同于半固态压铸成形之后得到的近球状组织,也不同于镁合金液态压铸的细小枝晶组织,他是一种玫瑰状组织.压铸过程中对浆料的二次搅拌剪切作用可以促进近球状非枝晶组织的形成.     

ZL201合金半固态触变压铸的组织与性能

研究了ZL201合金半固态触变压铸组织与性能,包括半固态坯料的制备、二次加热、压铸成形和成形件的热处理.结果表明:采用低频电磁搅拌半连续铸造制备的ZL201合金半固态坯料的微观组织为均匀、细小的非枝晶,在630℃下保温20 min可获得均匀的近球形二次加热组织.半固态压铸件的组织为较大的棒状、近球状的初生固相和由细小枝晶、等轴晶组成的二次固相,而且组织致密、内部无气孔.半固态压铸件经过535℃固溶9h和175℃时效6h处理后,硬度最大为HV 116.6.     

新型半固态用铝合金的触变成形研究

研究了Al-6Si-2Mg半固态成形中,电磁搅拌连铸、二次加热和压铸的工艺以及各工序得到的微观组织和力学性能.由于该合金是针对半固态触变成形专门设计,所以该合金在各工序中都表现出良好的工艺性能.通过优化工艺,试验最终得到了外观完整,性能优良的压铸件,为半固态触变成形的工业应用打下了基础.     

镁合金半固态流变压铸型腔流动过程数值模拟的研究

利用数值模拟技术,模拟了镁合金液态压铸和半固态流变压铸成形充型流动过程.结果表明:半固态流变压铸成形在不同的内浇口尺寸与位置条件下都可以获得平稳的充型流动场,其工艺参数设计灵活;同等条件下,半固态流变压铸成形的型腔充填过程平稳,成形铸件的质量优于液态压铸成形.模拟结果与实验结果比较分析,两者的流动特征基本吻合.     

镁合金半固态流变压铸充型流动过程分析

通过压铸实验分析了镁合金半固态流变压铸、液态压铸充型流动过程.结果表明,镁合金半固态流变压铸和液态压铸充型流动过程相似;相同充型条件下,半固态流变压铸卷气现象较少,压铸件质量优于液态压铸.同时,内浇道充型速度和内浇道尺寸对压铸件充填过程影响很大,合理的设置可以减少涡流和卷气,得到高质量的压铸件.     

压铸技术在镁合金中的应用和发展

镁合金在汽车工业、电子工业及民用各个领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文总结了镁合金半固态压铸、真空压铸等压铸新技术的发展;对压铸机选择、工艺参数设置、浇注系统设计等压铸关键技术进行了分析,并提出只有在熔炼技术与压铸技术结合方面进一步完善,才能进一步扩大镁合金压铸的应用领域。     

Microstructural characteristics of near-liquidus cast AZ91D alloy during semi-solid die casting

Near-liquidus cast ingot was reheated to semi-solid firstly, and then a bracket of motor was prepared by die casting the semi-solid ingot into mould. The microstructural characteristics of AZ91D alloy in these processes were investigated. In the process of near-liquidus casting, primary α-Mg grains tend to be rosette-like because of the increase of plentiful quasi-solid atom clusters in molten alloy with the decrease of pouring temperature. These rosette-like α-Mg grains in ingots fabricated by near-liquidus casting are fused off and refined into near-globular structure owing to the solute diffusion mechanism and the minimum surface energy mechanism during reheating. After semi-solid die-casting, α-Mg grains, located in biscuit, impact and connect with each other; α-Mg grains, located in inner gate, congregate together; while α-Mg grains, located in component, distribute uniformly and become into globularity or strip. Because the inner gate limits the flowing of semi-solid slurry, and the pressure acted on the semi-solid slurry decreases gradually along the filling direction of semi-solid slurry in cavity, microstructural segregation of unmelted α-Mg grains appears along this direction. Shrinkage holes in casting are caused by two different reasons. For biscuit, the shrinkage holes are caused by the blocked access of feeding liquid to the shrinkage zone for the agglomerated unmelted α-Mg grains. For component, the shrinkage holes are caused by the lack of feeding of liquid alloy.     

半固态铝合金AlSi6Mg2的二次加热工艺研究

针对半固态AlSi6Mg2合金的二次加热，实验优化了线圈和坯料的尺寸，保证了坯料加热过程中各个部位的温度均匀性；制定出单工位感应加热和六工位连续加热的二次加热工艺，在六工位连续操作过程中每个坯料加热11．5min，平均每2．3min提供一个加热完成的坯料，在工艺流程上实现了二次加热和半固态压铸的很好衔接。分析了二次加热过程中的组织演变．最终得到从坯料外形到内部组织都适合于半固态压铸的坯料。     

Effects of slope plate variable and reheating on semi-solid structure of ductile cast iron

Semi-solid metal casting and forming are known as a promising process for a wide range of metal alloys production. In spite of growing application of semi-solid processed light alloys, a few works have been reported about semi-solid processing of iron and steel. In this research inclined plate was used to change dendritic structure of iron to globular one. The effects of length and slope of plate on the casting structure were examined. The results show that the process can effectively change the dendritic structure to globular. In the slope plate angle of 7.5° and length of 560 mm with cooling rate of 67K·s^-1 the optimum nodular graphite and solid globular particle were achieved. The results also show that by using slope plate inoculant fading can be prevented more easily since the total time of process is rather short.
In addition, the semi-solid ductile cast iron prepared by inclined plate method, was reheated to examine the effect of reheating conditions on the microstructure and coarsening kinetics of the alloy. Solid fraction at different reheating temperatures and holding time was obtained and based on these results the optimum reheating temperature range was determined.     

镁合金半固态压铸触变成形技术的研究与进展

介绍了镁合金半固态触变成形技术中的三个关键技术：非枝晶组织半固态浆料的制备、坯料的二次加热、半固态触变压铸成形.并综述了镁合金半固态压铸触变成形技术的研究现状和发展前景.     

浅谈压力铸造的全自动化生产

近年来,国家对制造业的数字化、网络化、智能化越来越重视,特别是《中国制造2025》的发布,更是促进整个制造业向智能制造迈进,铸造行业也应该紧跟步伐.在传统压力铸造行业中压铸机的加料、取件,切边机的上件、下件,加工机床的上件、下件,都是依靠人来完成,大大制约了行业的发展.本文阐述了压力铸造的全自动化生产,为压力铸造行业的...     

Theory and application research development of semi-solid forming in China

In order to adapt to the trend of “energy saving and emission reduction” and impel the practical application of semi solid processing (SSP) in China, the progress and application of semi-solid theory in China have been reviewed briefly and systematically. It was emphasized on basic theories, such as formation of globular grains, rheology, high pressure solidification and plastic deformation and applications, such as material design, preparation of semi-solid billets (slurries), thixoforming and application status, which are based on the advantage of semi-solid processing. The results show that the gap of SSP between world level and China exists, especially in application technologies, including market recognition, application fields exploiting, developing of billets (slurries) preparation technologies with low cost and special equipments. The prospect of semi-solid forming development path in China is presented. And we hope that application of SSP has great new breakthrough and development and China will be changed from a large metal processing country to a powerful metal processing country.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-Fe alloys prepared by semi-solid formation

The effects of alloying elements, electromagnetic stirring, reheating and semi-solid formation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Fe alloys prepared by semi-solid formation were studied. It was found that alloying elements and electromagnetic stirring can alter the morphology and growth mode of the iron-rich phase in Al-Fe alloys; and effectively refine the primary Al3Fe phase. In contrast to the microstructure obtained in conventional casting, the Al3Fe phase becomes thin short rod-like instead of thick needle-like; and the dendritic grain structure almost disappears in the semi-solid formation. The Al3Fe phase can be further refined through being dissolved or fused during subsequent reheating. It was also found that the larger extrusion ratio of semi-solid formation causes a greater crushing effect and therefore the Al3Fe phase is more refined and has more uniform distribution. Moreover, Al-Fe alloys prepared by semi-solid formation exhibit excellent mechanical properties at both room and high temperatures.     

ZL201合金半固态成形本构模型

对采用近液相线铸造法制备的ZL201合金半固态坯料进行了热模拟压缩试验。根据试验获得的ZL201合金不同温度与应变速率下的应力-应变曲线,采用多元回归线性方法建立了能够表征ZL201合金半固态变形行为的本构方程。同时,根据半固态浆料的表观粘度与热模拟压缩试验中的应变速率等参数间的关系式,对表观粘度和剪切速率之间的关系进行了研究。利用仿真软件Anycasting对ZL201合金半固态触变压铸成形过程进行了数值模拟,研究了内浇道厚度对ZL201合金半固态触变压铸过程的影响,并预测了铸件缺陷。结果表明,当内浇道厚度为3mm时,半固态金属浆料充型过程最为理想。     

Al-Mg-Si合金半固态触变成形研究

以水泵盖为目标零件,在自行建立的半固态触变成形试验线上使用A357合金和新开发的半固态专用铝合金Al-6Si-2Mg进行了半固态触变压铸试验研究.对这两种合金在半固态坯料制备、二次加热及半固态压铸中的显微组织及工艺性进行了比较.结果表明,Al-6Si-2Mg合金在触变成形过程中均表现出更好的工艺可控性,其半固态压铸件热处理后的性能为σb=335MPa,σs=305MPa,δ5=3%,强度高于A357,伸长率与铸态A357合金相当.试验最终获得了充型完好、性能优异、组织均匀的半固态压铸件.     

Microstructure evolution of semi-solid 2024 alloy during two-step reheating process

A two-step reheating process was proposed and applied to perform reheating experiments on the semi-solid 2024 alloy billet. In this process, the semi-solid billet was firstly heated over liquidus temperature and then isothermally held at solid-liquid zone temperature. Microstructure evolution of the semi-solid billet during two-step reheating was studied by optical microscope and compared with that during isothermal reheating. The results show that the remelting rate of the semi-solid billet during two-step reheating is faster than that during isothermal reheating. Under the same reheating time, the grains of the semi-solid billet reheated by two-step reheating process are finer and rounder than those by isothermal reheating process. The present experimental results indicate that accelerating the formation of liquid phase during the two-step reheating process can restrain the coalescence of grains to a certain extent, and thus refine the grain size and promote the grain spheroidization.     

Effect of original microstructures on microstructural evolution of A2017 semi-solid alloy billets during reheating

The microstructural evolution of the A2017 semi-solid alloy billets provided with rheocasting and extruding/extending forming by shearing-cooling-rolling(SCR) technology during reheating in semi-solid state was investigated. The microstructural differences and their generation causes for both billets were also analyzed. The results show that during reheating, the grains of rheocasting billets grow up and spheroidize gradually with the prolongation of isothermal holding time, the eutectic liquid phase at low melting point forms mainly among the grains. However, the grains of the extruding/extending forming billets grow up abnormally through grain coalescence in the initial stage of the reheating, the entrapment of large amount of liquid within grains occurs, and the grain sizes in the reheating billets are coarse and inhomogeneous. Compared with extruding/extending forming billets, rheocasting billets have smaller and uniform grains in reheating microstructure and can rapidly form liquid phase among grains. Therefore, rheocasting billets are more suitable for the semi-solid forming than the extruding/extending forming billets.     

半固态铸造技术的发展状况及前景

作为21世纪最具发展前景的金属成形工艺,半固态铸造成形技术以其高效、节能、近净形生产以及成形件高性能等诸多优点,得到了人们的广泛关注.本文中介绍了半固态铸造成形技术的成形工艺、合金应用、坯料制备工艺、合金组织性能状况以及国内外的发展情况,并分析了半固态铸造成形技术在我国的发展前景.