Effect of Thermomechanical Controlled Processing on Mechanical Properties of 490 MPa Grade Low Carbon Cold Heading Steel

Thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) of low carbon cold heading steel in different austenite conditions were conducted by a laboratory hot rolling mill.Effect of various processing parameters on the mechanical properties of the steel was investigated.The results showed that the mechanical properties of the low carbon cold heading steel could be significantly improved by TMCP without heat treatment.The improvement of mechanical properties can be attributed mainly to the ferrite grain refinement due to low temperature rolling.In the experiments the better ultimate tensile strength and ductility are obtained by lowering finishing cooling temperature within the temperature range from 650 ℃ to 550 ℃ since the interlamellar space in pearlite colonies become smaller.Good mechanical properties can be obtained in a proper austenite condition and thermomechanical processing parameter.The ferrite morphology has a more pronounced effect on the mechanical behavior than refinement of the microstructure.It is possible to realize the replacement of medium-carbon by low-carbon for 490 Mpa grade cold heading steel with TMCP.     

Effect of process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of non- annealed cold heading steel SWRCH35KM

In order to realize the on- line softening treatment of non- annealed cold heading steel SWRCH35KM, the influence of controlled rolling and controlled cooling process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium carbon cold heading steel was investigated. The results show that the microstructures of spherular pearlite dispersed in 60%-63% ferrite matrix are obtained after step slow cooling process. With the decrease of finish rolling temperature from 850?? to 750??, ferrite grain size refines from 15-16. 9??m to about 10??m, and spheroidization of pearlite tends to significantly. Tensile strength of test steel with step slow cooling process is about 490-510MPa, elongation is 36. 5%-40. 5%, and hardness is 73HRB-78HRB. Compared with the air cooling process, the tensile strength of test steel decreases by about 30-40MPa, elongation increases by 1%-3% and hardness decreases by about 2HRB-3HRB.     

TMCP工艺对高性能桥梁钢Q370qE-HPS组织性能的影响研究

为了研究TMCP工艺对Q370q E-HPS高性能桥梁钢组织和性能的影响,达到替代正火工艺的目的,对终轧温度、开冷温度、返红温度及冷却速率等TMCP关键工艺参数与组织、力学性能的关系进行分析。结果表明:采用两阶段控轧控冷工艺生产Q370q E-HPS钢时,随终轧温度升高、开冷温度降低、返红温度升高及冷却速度降低,铁素体晶粒尺寸增大,珠光体含量增加,屈强比降低。通过工艺参数优化,可获得合适尺寸和体积分数的铁素体和珠光体,实现Q370q E-HPS钢良好的强韧性匹配和较低的屈强比。     

Effects of TMCP Parameters on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nb-Bearing Spring Steel

The effects of TMCP parameters,such as finish rolling temperature and cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb-bearing spring steel were investigated by thermal simulation,quantitative metallography and tensile test.And the precipitation in Nb-bearing spring steel was analysis by electron microscopy.Experimental results indicate that the higher finish rolling temperature or the more rapid cooling rate in a given range,the less the proeutectoid ferrite content and the thinner the interlamellar spacing is.Reasonably higher finish rolling temperature followed by properly higher cooling rate is suggested to improve the mechanical properties of Nb-bearing spring steel.Micro-addition of niobium decreases the proeutectoid ferrite content and the interlamellar spacing and leads to forming degenerated pearlite.The precipitation of size range ～20-50 nm in Nb-bearing spring steel occurred at the lamellar ferrite of pearlite and the proeutectoid ferrite.     

Influence of Controlled Rolling and Cooling Process on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Cold Forging Steel

In the present paper,controlled rolling and cooling processing was conducted by using a laboratory hot rolling mill.The influence of different processing parameters on the mechanical properties of low carbon cold forging steel was investigated.The results show that the faster cooling after the deformation (especially in low temperature rolling conditions) leads to the refinement of the ferrite grain.The specimen exhibits very good mechanical properties owing to the finer ferrite grains.The pearlite morphologies can also affect the mechanical properties of low carbon cold forging steel.The mechanical properties increase with decreasing final cooling temperature within the range from 650℃ to 570 ℃ due to the finer interlamellar spacing of pearlite colony.The mechanical properties of the specimens with fast cooling after the conventional rolling are not only better than those of the specimens with slow cooling after low temperature rolling,but also almost similar to those of the specimens with fast cooling after low temperature rolling.It is suggested that fast cooling after high temperature rolling (the conventional rolling) process would be of important industrial value.     

采用TMCP工艺开发低成本高强钢Q550

采用中碳高Mn的微合金化设计,在4 300 mm中厚板轧机上采用TMCP工艺生产铁素体珠光体高强钢Q550,并对其性能和组织进行分析。结果表明：采用TMCP工艺在两阶段轧制和加速冷却条件下生产的高强钢Q550的性能全部符合GB/T16270-1996的要求,同时节约了大量昂贵合金的加入、降低了成本、减少了热处理环节、缩短了交货期,提升了高强钢产品的市场竞争力。     

控轧控冷工艺对冷镦铆螺钢组织和力学性能的影响

试验钢(/%:0.19C,0.17Si,0.44Mn,0.004S,0.007P,0.041Als),由60kg真空感应炉熔炼,锻成120mm×140mm坯,轧成80 mm×80mm坯,再轧成4 mm×100mm成品。试验了950℃、800℃终轧和轧后水冷、空冷对该钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,实验钢1000℃开轧,经二道次轧制,800℃终轧,以32.33～37.50℃/s的冷却速度水冷,工艺最佳,低碳钢珠光体为89%,铁素体晶粒尺寸38 nm达到了铆螺钢ML45级别。950℃终轧,水冷,力学性能达到了ML40级别。800℃终轧,空冷钢的力学性能也能达到ML30级别。     

冷镦钢的生产和发展

冷镦钢盘条一般为低、中碳优质碳素结构钢和优质合金结构钢,用来冷镦成型制造各种机械标 准件和紧固件。因冷镦工艺要求该钢具有高的洁净度,控制钢中 Si、Al的含量,采用控制轧制和控制冷却工 艺,避免出现马氏体、贝氏体和魏氏体组织,使钢材具有细晶和碳化物球化组织,以提高钢材的塑性和冷顶锻 性能。介绍了国内外冷镦钢的开发和生产情况,化学成分对冷镦性能的影响,冷镦钢的生产工艺特长。     

TMCP工艺对低碳Ni-Nb钢组织转变和力学性能的影响

 为了研究TMCP工艺对低碳Ni-Nb钢显微组织转变类型和晶粒尺寸的影响规律,研究了不同TMCP工艺下的显微组织特征及其对力学性能的作用机理。结果表明,在未变形轧制情况下,当冷却速度小于5 ℃/s时,显微组织为铁素体和珠光体,铁素体晶粒尺寸随着冷却速度的增大而减小;在变形轧制情况下,随着冷却速度的增加,组织中的铁素体晶粒尺寸明显减小;当冷却速度增大到5 ℃/s时,微观组织中出现了大量粒状贝氏体。试制钢板试验表明,当冷却速度为4 ℃/s时,试验钢的组织为准多边形铁素体,可以有效提高钢的低温韧性;当冷却速度达到6 ℃/s时,试验钢微观组织中出现大量粒状贝氏体,明显降低钢的低温韧性。     

免热处理高强度低屈强比铆螺钢的研究

铆螺钢经棒材轧机控轧控冷轧成棒材,获得具有铁素体、珠光体和粒状贝氏体的混合组织,冷镦成螺栓后进行产品检验.结果表明:控轧控冷后的棒材不经过退火直接冷镦成螺栓,冷镦性能非常好.螺栓不经过最终热处理,同样可获得很高的力学性能.力学性能的提高主要是由于螺栓在拉伸变形时残余奥氏体的应变诱导马氏体相变.     

Effect of Thermomechanical Controlled Processing Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Q460q Steel

 Thermal mechanical control processing (TMCP), the combination of controlled rolling and controlled cooling, provides a powerful means of developing high-strength low alloy (HSLA) steels by intensive microstructural control. In the present investigation, the effects of TMCP parameters, consisting of the finish cooling temperature and the start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization region, on the final microstructure and mechanical properties of Q460q steel have been studied by tensile, Charpy impact tests, optical microscopy. The TMCP parameters for Q460q steel have been optimized by laboratory experiments. And the microstructure and properties of industrial product were coincident with the results of laboratory experiments.     

海洋平台用100mm厚EH36-Z35钢板的开发

介绍了海洋平台用100 mm厚EH36-Z35钢板生产工艺和技术的主要难点。通过理论分析确定了钢板的成分体系。采用两阶段轧制工艺,粗轧阶段加大道次压下量,精轧阶段终轧温度控制在再结晶温度以下。轧后进行弱水冷,抑制晶粒长大。利用正火热处理进一步促进晶粒的细化和均匀化,并消除钢板表面因水冷产生的脆硬组织。检验证明,试制钢板的表面和心部组织均为细小、均匀的铁素体+珠光体,碳当量Ceq=0.42%,冷裂纹敏感系数Pcm=0.22%,钢板厚度1/4处及心部力学性能都达到船级社标准和中海油(CNOOC)的采购要求,并有较大富裕量。经过热输入量50 kJ/cm焊接后,焊接接头具有良好的强度性能,焊接热影响区(HAZ)的冲击功较高。     

ML45Mn2冷镦钢盘条的研究与开发

120 t转炉-LF-VD-350 mm x430 mm铸坯-150 mm x 150 mm轧坯-轧制流程生产的ML45Mn2钢Φ16 mm和Φ18 mm盘条采用的主要工艺为:碱度1.5-2.0精炼渣,52 t中间包,电磁搅拌,轻重压下,开轧温度1 010 ~ 1 070 °C,精轧温度820 - 850°C,卷曲温度780 - 820°C,冷速0. 15 -0.4 °C/s等工艺。检验结果显示,MI45Mn2钢盘条热轧态平均抗拉强度797 MPa,平均断面收缩率50.3% ,1/4冷镦合格,金相组织为珠光体+铁素体,断面平均硬度值为92.5HRB,带状组织1.5-2.5级,满足技术要求。     

Development of High Deformation X70 Pipeline Steel Plates in NISCO

A series of trial tests for high deformation (HD) X70 pipeline steel plates were performed in NISCO,and the technical routes as thermal mechanical controlled rolling process (TMCP),TMCP + Quenching (Q) and TMCP +Q & tempering (T) were studied systematically through the plate shape quality,properties and microstructure characters.The results show that problems as plate shape and inhomogeneous microstructures are for finish rolling at low temperature and high cooling rate after the rolling by the route of TMCP.By the route of TMCP+Q,the yield strength (YS) of the trial steels is not sufficient.By the route of TMCP+QT,the YS is enhanced,as well as good toughness and plasticity due to the martensite decomposition at low temperature tempering process,and 4 sheets of HD X70 pipeline steel plates by the route TMCP+QT with superior plate shape quality,microstructure and comprehensive properties were successfully developed in NISCO.     

温度参数对铌微合金高强度结构钢组织性能的影响

通过控轧控冷试验,力学性能检验和组织的光学显微观察,研究了温度参数对铌微合金钢组织性能的影响。结果表明:两阶段控轧及控冷所获晶粒尺寸明显小于常规轧制+快速冷却的晶粒尺寸;随冷却速率的增大或终冷温度的降低或精轧开轧温度的降低,试验钢晶粒细化,混晶程度加重,强度增大,塑性降低;精轧低温开轧利于韧性提高;铁素体混晶可能源于因铸坯中Nb(C,N)的不均匀分布造成的原始奥氏体混晶,粗轧大压缩比轧制可以消除这种混晶现象。     

终轧温度对低合金铌钛贝氏体钢组织和性能的影响

 采用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、EDS能谱分析仪和拉伸冲击试验机,研究了终轧温度对TMCP(thermo-mechanical controlled processing)低合金铌钛贝氏体钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明：随着终轧温度的降低,强度和韧性先升高后降低。终轧温度为815 ℃时,由于冷却前温度已降低到奥氏体-铁素体两相区,在晶界形成大量先共析铁素体,造成了强度和韧性的下降。终轧温度为870 ℃时,得到细小的板条贝氏体＋少量的马氏体组织,在贝氏体板条上有30～50 nm的Nb、Ti析出相弥散分布,获得了最优异的性能,其屈服强度为805 MPa,抗拉强度为1 005 MPa,－20 ℃冲击功的平均值为197 J。     

沙钢宽厚板工艺技术装备

沙钢集团于2006年建成现代化宽厚板生产线,采用当今世界上诸多先进的工艺装备和工艺技术,亚稳态奥氏体区热机轧制实现晶粒细化,靠中间坯待温时间及未再结晶区γ／α相变较低终轧温度抑制新晶粒成长。MULPIC装置加速冷却或直接淬火钢板。终轧通过MULPIC装置加速冷却使固溶体内保持大量Nb、V、Ti、Mo微合金元素粒子,有利于γ／α相变及在铁素体与贝氏体内沉淀而改善组织性能,终轧温度低及增加冷却速率增加沉淀强化和位错强化效果。能满足各种高难度品种钢板的生产要求。     

降低武钢CSP低碳酸洗钢SAPH370屈强比的实践

屈强比偏高是CSP低碳产品的共性问题。为降低CSP低碳酸洗钢SAPH370的屈强比,采取了不同轧制工艺(终轧温度FT7、卷取温度CT和冷却方式)进行试验,对不同工艺下的低碳酸洗钢的力学性能、晶粒尺寸和相组成进行了对比分析。结果表明:SAPH370钢采用终轧温度(FT7)为860℃、卷取温度(CT)600℃、后段快速冷却的工艺,在满足强度要求的前提下,屈强比可降低到0.8以下。观察到铁素体晶粒粗化、珠光体弥散分布。分析表明:CSP采用后段快冷工艺与传统热连轧的两段冷却工艺相当,有利于获得合适的铁素体晶粒度和弥散分布的珠光体。     

控轧控冷工艺对汽车大梁板组织及冷弯性能的影响

在攀钢热轧板厂对汽车大梁板进行了控轧控冷试验,分析了终轧温度、轧后冷却方式以及卷取温度对汽车大梁板显微组织及冷弯性能的影响。结果表明：采用较低的终轧温度830 ℃、卷取温度600 ℃以及前段冷却的轧后冷却方式,汽车大梁板的铁素体晶粒细小均匀,珠光体分布弥散,并获得了良好的冷弯性能。     

热机轧制对中碳冷镦钢组织和性能的影响

采用热机轧制（TMCP）工艺技术生产中碳冷镦钢SWRCH35K M,增加了线材组织中铁素体的比例,并使珠光体组织部分粒状化,降低了线材强度和硬度,提高了塑性,且冷镦时金属流动性好、冷作硬化率低。用户可用其直接制作内六角螺栓和法兰面螺栓,免去球化退火工艺,取得明显的经济效益和环境效益。