多目标产品配置优化研究

针对多目标产品配置优化问题,考虑实例关系和个性化等约束,构建了以性能、成本和交货期为目标的产品配置模型。设计了一种改进的非支配排序遗传算法(Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic AlgorithmⅡ,NSGA-Ⅱ)进行配置模型求解,并根据顾客偏好推荐配置方案。该算法采用动态罚函数处理约束问题,采用自适应交叉和变异概率提高算法收敛速度,对变异操作结果进行模拟退火操作,避免了算法陷入局部最优解,并针对多目标问题改进了Metropolis准则。通过算法验证与实例应用,证明本模型有效可行,改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法在配置问题求解上优于NSGA-Ⅱ算法。     

主动悬架LQR控制加权系数多目标遗传算法优化

对多目标遗传算法NSGA-Ⅱ进行了改进,提出了基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的主动悬架LQR控制加权系数设计方法。仿真结果表明,多目标遗传算法一次运行可以获得多组Pareto最优的性能指标加权系数,设计者可以根据偏好选择最终的满意解,避免了现有加权系数选择方法存在的主观性和盲目性。     

多品种分批量冲压车间的耦合选择NSGA-Ⅱ调度优化

为了对多品种分批量生产的冲压车间调度方案进行优化,减少冲压车间的完工时间、加工成本和换模次数,提出了基于耦合选择NSGA-Ⅱ算法的冲压车间调度优化方法。对冲压车间的调度优化问题进行了数学描述,建立了多目标、多限制条件的优化模型。通过构造4基因链缠绕的染色体,将冲压车间调度优化问题转化为遗传算法的多目标搜索问题。在传统NSGA-Ⅱ算法基础上,将耦合选择策略引入到算法中,兼顾了染色体的优越性和多样性,从而提出了基于耦合选择NSGA-Ⅱ算法的调度优化方法。经验证,耦合选择NSGA-Ⅱ算法所得Pareto前沿解质量高于传统NSGA-Ⅱ算法所得Pareto前沿解质量。使用等权重系数法从Pareto解集中确定了最优解,与优化前相比,换模次数减少了52.2%,加工成本减少了18.4%,最大完工时间减少了40.0%,以上数据验证了耦合选择NSGA-Ⅱ算法在冲压车间调度优化中的可行性。     

结合支配强度的NSGA-Ⅱ的柔性车间低碳调度

针对加工辅助环节对传统柔性车间低碳调度的影响这一问题,以最大完工时间、碳排放及机器负载为目标,建立考虑机床上下料调整状态的柔性车间低碳调度模型,利用加权归一法进行量纲的统一;针对非支配排序遗传算法(Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)在解决高维多变量、复杂Pareto边界及复杂非线性多目标问题时存在无法识别非支配解、拥挤度公式不合理、计算效率低下及解集质量较差等问题,提出一种基于支配强度的改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法(Improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm based on Dominant Strength, INSGA-Ⅱ-DS)对该模型进行求解：将支配强度引入非支配排序,采用新型拥挤度算子与基于外部档案集的自适应精英保留策略;设计了一种变邻域搜索策略,扩大了邻域搜索范围,增强了算法的局部搜索能力。并运用实例数据对INSGA-Ⅱ-DS性能进行验证,结果表明,改进算法求解效率更高,解集质量更优。     

基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的多目标云制造服务组合优化研究

为了提高云制造服务组合寻优质量，提出一种基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的多目标云制造服务组合优化方法。首先改进支配强度的概念来快速确定非支配解集中个体的优劣，然后对NSGA-Ⅱ算法应用不同的局部搜索策略，在算法前期加强对优秀个体的搜索以加速收敛，算法后期对稀疏个体融合邻域搜索与模拟退火算法来增加种群的多样性。最后结合企业实际案例，验证了优选模型的有效性和算法的可行性。     

电动汽车复合电源参数的精英受控NSGA-Ⅱ算法优化

为了降低电动汽车复合电源初始成本、更换成本及电耗,提出了基于动态精英受控NSGA-Ⅱ算法的参数优化方法.对研究对象的复合电源连接方式进行了介绍,制定了车辆能量管理方法.以降低复合电源成本和电耗为目标,建立了复合电源参数的多目标优化模型.在NSGA-Ⅱ算法中引入了动态拥挤度排序策略,可以有效提高基因多样性,从而提出了动态精英受控NSGA-Ⅱ算法的模型求解方法.在UDDS循环工况下对复合电源参数进行优化,与NSGA-Ⅱ算法优化结果比,动态精英受控NSGA-Ⅱ算法优化结果的锂电池和超级电容放电深度更低、制动能量回收量和电池放电效率更高,有效降低了复合电源成本和电耗.     

一种基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ的多目标绿色柔性作业车间调度方法

针对多目标绿色柔性作业车间调度问题,建立了以最小化最大完工时间、总负荷和总能耗为优化目标的多目标优化模型,提出了一种带有自适应交叉变异算子和学习机制的改进NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法。该算法通过机器和工序的两级编码机制,使用基于全局、局部和随机选择的非支配排序选择策略得到初始种群;采用具有自适应算子的混合交叉变异策略进行迭代,提高算法的全局搜索能力;引入分布函数来改进精英保留策略提高种群的多样性;通过学习机制进行邻域搜索提高算法的局部搜索能力。最后,采用基准测试算例Brandimarte以及Kacem数据集对算法进行测试,结果表明采用改进的NSGA-Ⅱ算法求解多目标绿色柔性作业车间调度问题具有求解精度高、收敛速度快以及解集多样性好的优点。     

考虑双资源约束的柔性作业车间调度研究

针对考虑工人和机器约束的双资源约束柔性作业车间调度问题,建立了最小化最大完工时间、总成本和工人疲劳值的多目标调度模型,并提出了一种改进NSGA-Ⅱ(INSGA-Ⅱ)算法求解。具体改进包括设计了3层编码方案以及插入式解码策略;为提高种群质量,设计了启发式种群初始化策略;为避免算法陷入局部最优,在染色体交叉、变异阶段,设计了自适应调整机制实现种群的动态搜索进化。最后通过多组算例验证了INSGA-Ⅱ算法的有效性和可行性,并通过一组实例验证了所提算法求解实际问题的有效性。     

求解多目标混合流水车间调度的改进NSGA-Ⅱ

针对混合流水车间调度问题,以最小化能耗和最小化最大完工时间为求解目标,建立混合整数线性规划模型,提出求解该问题的改进快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)。算法染色体采用首阶段工件加工顺序码和设备分配码相结合的编码方式,最大程度确保算法在问题的整个解空间搜索Pareto前沿解。针对染色体编码设计了3种不同解码方法,其中两种解码方法与问题目标密切相关,用于引导算法搜寻方向;设计了一种贪婪变异算子,在提高种群多样性的同时兼顾算法的局部搜索能力。为确保Pareto前沿解集的分布性和收敛性,避免算法陷入局部最优,在采用精英保留策略的基础上提出一种全新的选择算子,并通过实验证明了该选择算子的有效性。为进一步节约能源,针对调度方案提出先右移再左移的调整策略,在不改变总完工时间的前提下大大节约了设备的待机和开关机能量。最后通过实验验证了改进NSGA-Ⅱ的有效性。     

工业机器人最小代价的轨迹规划

提出了一种工业机器人的最小代价轨迹规划方法.将机器人的轨迹视为由机器人关节空间中一系列的关键点构成,关键点的两点之间通过3次样条曲线进行连接.使用加权系数法定义代价函数,从而使机器人在运动过程中的运动时间、消耗能量、奇异点的避让、关节加速度和关节二次加速度在某种程度上达到综合最优,同时考虑关节位置、速度、加速度、二次加速度以及力或力矩的约束条件.采用差分进化算法(DE)和基于精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)来处理非线性约束的优化问题.斯坦福机器人(捡拾操作)的仿真结果显示,两种算法运行良好,然而DE算法比NSGA-Ⅱ收敛速度更快,解的质量更好.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.